英语专业四级辅导：词汇与语法全真模拟练习38

会计考友

今天我们要来复习的就是独立逐个结构.准备好笔记了吗?
　　1）名词 / 代词 + 分词
　　The foreign travelers had many talks with the natives, the guide acting as an interpreter.
　　He being absent, nothing could be done.
4 B4 G' W7 T/ f! R" S( Q0 S　　The floor being wet and slippery, we stay outside.
% D  @/ p+ l  k' s3 d' ^　　All things considered, I think I ought to award the job to Mrs. Smith.
7 _! K8 y7 m" _% @8 ]# _3 Y　　•1. 独立主格结构的语法形式是：主语+非谓语动词。
　　•2. 非谓语动词有三种：（1）to + v.
, |6 K' m% E1 q3 j- S　　• （2）v. –ing
$ o/ e4 B8 T( w7 ]; U7 t　　• （3）v. –ed
　　•3. 非谓语动词的特点：
  _6 y  W& @  O* W( ]/ s  w　　• 1) 时间关系：（1） 不定式具有后时性
+ b5 _: o" k, W9 j" e　　• （2） –ing 分词具有同时性
　　• （3） –ed 分词具有先时性
/ H% u  G3 ]) `2 T0 g5 a! |& n, W　　e.g. Here are the first two volumes, the third one to come out next month.
　　They visited Danxia Mountain yesterday, Miss Lee acting as the tourist guide.
3 }/ K; B9 b  {4 M, }2 R" W' p　　His work done, he went home.
　　2）逻辑主语与非谓语动词的关系：
　　(1) –ing分词表主动
　　(2) –ed分词表被动
4 P" \/ q* z3 {0 ]! A( q% j4 |　　e.g. He being sick in bed, the team had to find a replacement.
　　Weather permitting, we will go picnicking this weekend.
　　The friendly match being over, the players of the two countries shook hands with each other.
　　All the tickets sold out, they returned home disappointed.
9 ~( n  d; q& u8 Y　　The dispute settled, the meeting came to an end.
　　His voice drowned by the noise, the speaker interrupted his lecture.　　
　　 现在你对独立主格的结构了解多少呢?那么喵喵跟你们讲一下解题要领,当然这是个人意见.如果你们有更好的解题办法记得告诉我哦!
# s* g2 N3 `8 R　　(1) 找出非谓语动词的逻辑主语
8 l$ |" c7 n. f- V+ b　　(2)弄清楚非谓语动词与逻辑主语的主被动关系
/ q* z* D# H! \) a$ L3 f　　(3) 弄清楚非谓语动词与主句动词的时间关系
- A: z: {4 S; k% G% i/ y; @# e　　练习：
' D/ Z. b7 `4 [　　1. The old writer could not sleep at night, his wrongs and sorrows ____ him no peace.
7 l$ I4 m# M  X* G. A　　A. gave
　　B. have given
　　C. being given
5 h. u/ @& e& [2 a6 s0 q2 Y　　D. giving
　　2. Television has become as major instrument of communication, ____ us to see as well as to hear all kinds of programmes.
" x. l3 K0 ^! A" u8 M　　A. to permit
　　B. permitted
* Y# }8 J6 v  |; [  V1 g7 @% A. R" Y　　C. being permitting
　　D. permitting
/ x. E. ?2 y9 q$ N8 c" B% L　　3. The decision ____, what is to be done now is how to carry it out.
　　A. been made
　　B. has been made
' I8 e  J; W2 x* d1 }　　C. having been made
　　D. having been making
! M3 m; Y  C, S  O; q, m) j　　4. Some people are sitting on the grass; others are strolling along the lake side, _____.
. I3 _- T9 P7 e: t- \6 Q　　A. chatting and to laugh
: d. }# M' i0 n7 P, d　　B. to chat and to laugh
　　C. chatting and laughing
　　D. chatting and laughed
　　5. I was overjoyed at the news of my hometown ____ so much progress.
( l1 M1 S7 v0 ]3 |4 N% _　　A. to make
* A1 v6 t& R* y　　B. to have made
　　C. made
　　D. having made
! Z0 F% a* R' q7 }　　答案：1-5DDCCD