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[专八辅导] 专八辅导人文知识冲刺(七)

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发表于 2012-8-14 11:29:10 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
  练习题:
' G; }1 e  H3 o# ]7 k  1 How many members are there in the House of Commons?5 w' w. H1 N. f1 T( p, a
  A 650 B 524 C 72 D 651
9 v, Z5 ~  w. \1 w7 g5 {) J8 I, v  2 Which of the following people didn’t use to be the British Prime Minister?
* f' }' `7 @9 d0 R  A Margaret Thatcher B Winston Churchill C Horatio Nelson D John Major
9 j/ z: v$ `: \/ j* g  3 By tradition, the leader of the majority party is appointed _____ by the Sovereign in the United Kingdom.6 l& a0 o6 z& @8 q% `3 ~
  A Prime Minister B Member of Parliament
, ?& K5 Z' l  X. {6 ?  C Lord of appeal D Speaker of the House: A5 A. ^# v6 H& a* y
  4 The Tories were the forerunners of _____, which still bears this nickname today.) Z# J7 L* S6 u  O5 {2 M
  A the Labour Party B the Conservative Party8 e% w/ C$ p8 j3 i% v
  C the Liberal Party D the Social Democratic Party2 C" {' `) ^3 [3 V
  5 In the United Kingdom, the party which wins the ____ number of seats in the House of Commons becomes the official Opposition.
3 V% I6 X9 [1 H% L8 a6 ?6 S% K7 C' o  A largest B second largest C third largest D fourth largest# `3 G% E1 |6 f$ T
  6 The term “British disease” is now often used to characterize Britain’s _____ decline.
6 U8 r) ?6 f) v+ t. u9 I* x/ z2 ^6 K  A political B educational C military D economic( ?* G# x2 b6 x6 X, ?+ _& s, C
  7 The 1980s was remembered as the decade of _____./ U3 h1 n! e: t
  A globalization B nationalization C privatization D competition
6 @; F6 G0 l+ b7 |5 r$ _0 B6 a% y. S  8 Today, in Britain, ______ is called a “sick” industry.
4 X  q1 C8 ^. g) Z( B- _- M  A coal mining B iron and steel C textiles D shipbuilding8 Q7 C. d  H8 a
  9 The first steam engine was devised by Thomas Newcomer at the end of the 17th century, and the Scottish inventor ____ modified and improved the design in 1765.8 _8 m/ J( M0 F: a& Y8 L
  A Abraham Darby B James Watt C John Kay D Richard Arkwrightthe) X, t$ q/ Q6 c4 b! x
  10 _____ created the industrial working class, the proletariat, and it later led to trade unionism.
* a+ v: P, r" F  A The Chartist Movement B The Industrial Revolution) }4 P; ?$ T; p+ \$ p1 f6 {
  C The French Revolution D The Glorious Revolution- S3 W6 m) l- {* ?9 X
  练习题答案及题解:) ?7 J+ s/ b& \/ f
  1 D, 下议院共有651名议员。& D0 E* V0 q0 U( d1 `' n
  2 C, 撒切尔夫人,丘吉尔和梅杰都曾经做过英国首相;而纳尔逊(1758-1805),英国海军统帅,因作战负伤,右眼失明,失去右臂。后任地中海舰队司令,在特法尔加角海战中大败西班牙联合舰队,本人受重伤阵亡,号称 Viscount Nelson。
0 q/ e+ @/ V$ A# V& W; O: Q  3 A, 在英国,按照传统,多数党的领导人由君主任命为首相,首相从本党内部挑选一些领导人担任各部部长职位。
/ t) Y; S5 @" }" J. H3 b8 \8 s; J  4 B, 托利党是英国保守党的前身。
2 ^( \7 N( @+ Z  5 B, 在英国,在下议院中赢得第二席位的政党为反对党,它也有它自己的领导和影子内阁(shadow cabinet)。
" ^- k# z+ P( r  F" g  6 D, 现在“英国病”这一术语经常用来指英国经济上的衰退。  M, z0 s& h8 g! e1 J$ {
  7 C, 正如20世纪40年代被看作是国有化的时代一样,20世纪80年代被看作是私有化的时代。包括英国石油、航空、钢铁、电讯在内的几乎40% 的国有公司实现了私有化。
8 M) m( s( j: E( z  8 A, 英国煤矿业被称为生病工业。英国的煤产量在一战前达到顶点,如今的英国的煤矿业衰退,从而导致矿工的数量、煤矿的总产量大大下降。
+ h  K+ r+ m# l. \$ o/ G  9 B, 第一台蒸汽机是 Thomas Newcomer 在17世纪末设计的,后来苏格兰发明家瓦特在1765年对原有的设计进行了改进提高,生产出了第一台高效的蒸汽机并应用到纺织和其他机械业中。
7 G6 E4 `/ y+ X) g- }  10 B, 工业革命产生了工人阶级,即无产阶级。后来形成了工会制度
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