练习题:
{! y l; J- S! O 1 How many members are there in the House of Commons?
) p( Y$ c; T2 S7 i A 650 B 524 C 72 D 651
) l! E6 U9 p# A/ C3 k 2 Which of the following people didn’t use to be the British Prime Minister?
1 f0 j7 }) Q5 N7 A A Margaret Thatcher B Winston Churchill C Horatio Nelson D John Major" |0 R& k& I8 D1 l+ M
3 By tradition, the leader of the majority party is appointed _____ by the Sovereign in the United Kingdom.2 ]: ?' q9 f' k' ]3 G
A Prime Minister B Member of Parliament/ H& `* O! Q( M s0 \; B
C Lord of appeal D Speaker of the House/ D( C# M$ i( j0 q" D9 C( o& \
4 The Tories were the forerunners of _____, which still bears this nickname today.
/ Z4 e3 |# g3 [) E! J7 L2 N2 S A the Labour Party B the Conservative Party% R" }* Z/ G( O& T7 R* \# i/ O0 Q) o
C the Liberal Party D the Social Democratic Party8 D, [: w+ m' f6 X }( B
5 In the United Kingdom, the party which wins the ____ number of seats in the House of Commons becomes the official Opposition.
! t6 ~) r" R, l1 R4 z: L+ M5 ^ A largest B second largest C third largest D fourth largest. i0 H* I- j7 o0 f# U
6 The term “British disease” is now often used to characterize Britain’s _____ decline.8 C4 ]$ U. w9 F
A political B educational C military D economic4 q* l& i$ S- A$ Q+ J
7 The 1980s was remembered as the decade of _____.
/ x0 [9 M9 w4 W/ p3 v A globalization B nationalization C privatization D competition
, ]. s. U. |5 M5 H1 m6 c. x 8 Today, in Britain, ______ is called a “sick” industry.
. j5 Q- b; ^$ v1 e) x9 U A coal mining B iron and steel C textiles D shipbuilding; s7 F( O: S, h* \% e+ U
9 The first steam engine was devised by Thomas Newcomer at the end of the 17th century, and the Scottish inventor ____ modified and improved the design in 1765.5 T# C4 h/ J2 L, |, t
A Abraham Darby B James Watt C John Kay D Richard Arkwrightthe8 x$ y6 K) t7 b! c
10 _____ created the industrial working class, the proletariat, and it later led to trade unionism.
! `# Y2 w- q8 ~ A The Chartist Movement B The Industrial Revolution" G/ w8 m$ w! ]3 A6 Y* K3 N* p
C The French Revolution D The Glorious Revolution7 u L4 [# ^8 x$ D- v
练习题答案及题解:
; Y7 [1 G6 n8 p 1 D, 下议院共有651名议员。
1 `, n6 f6 V" j1 c 2 C, 撒切尔夫人,丘吉尔和梅杰都曾经做过英国首相;而纳尔逊(1758-1805),英国海军统帅,因作战负伤,右眼失明,失去右臂。后任地中海舰队司令,在特法尔加角海战中大败西班牙联合舰队,本人受重伤阵亡,号称 Viscount Nelson。
' f! Q4 c8 `/ f/ E2 c: { 3 A, 在英国,按照传统,多数党的领导人由君主任命为首相,首相从本党内部挑选一些领导人担任各部部长职位。# x8 q0 Q4 e' Q- H; S# q
4 B, 托利党是英国保守党的前身。
2 x: ?3 q% W2 B; h8 r 5 B, 在英国,在下议院中赢得第二席位的政党为反对党,它也有它自己的领导和影子内阁(shadow cabinet)。, |8 g1 c1 z, m1 B! O0 r* I5 R
6 D, 现在“英国病”这一术语经常用来指英国经济上的衰退。
2 R- @0 I* j1 w: [ t0 j a8 M6 A 7 C, 正如20世纪40年代被看作是国有化的时代一样,20世纪80年代被看作是私有化的时代。包括英国石油、航空、钢铁、电讯在内的几乎40% 的国有公司实现了私有化。
! P+ ~/ [$ e! c2 i+ {9 `% i 8 A, 英国煤矿业被称为生病工业。英国的煤产量在一战前达到顶点,如今的英国的煤矿业衰退,从而导致矿工的数量、煤矿的总产量大大下降。* C$ ]# B6 T2 M& L
9 B, 第一台蒸汽机是 Thomas Newcomer 在17世纪末设计的,后来苏格兰发明家瓦特在1765年对原有的设计进行了改进提高,生产出了第一台高效的蒸汽机并应用到纺织和其他机械业中。
1 E4 }; L2 w; M' A3 n6 Q/ j3 ]6 w 10 B, 工业革命产生了工人阶级,即无产阶级。后来形成了工会制度 |