英语专业八级改错练习题及答案解析(四十五)

会计考友

　　Now, it is clear that the decline of a language must ultimately
1 S3 X+ x! V  L* r3 o7 _　　have political and economical causes: it is not due simply to the bad __1__
　　influence of this or that individual writers. But an effect can become __2__
6 T# H9 L# z+ |  ]" b# @& R) v　　a cause, reinforce the original cause and producing the same effect __3__
　　in an intensified form, and so on indefinitely. A man may take drink __4__
　　because he feels himself to be a failure, and then fail all the most __5__
- e5 ?% x0 p8 g  G! s　　completely because he drinks. It is rather the same thing that is
. V, Y; J2 Z! G　　happening to the English language. It becomes ugly and inaccurate
　　because our thoughts are foolish, but the sloven of our language __6__
　　makes it easier for us to have foolish thoughts. The point is that the
5 W+ C- Y* q4 o; v( r( J　　process is irreversible. Modern English, especially written English, __7__
　　is full of bad habits which spread by imitation and which can be
+ U( n& e& C7 \3 J% t　　avoided if one is willing to take the necessary trouble. If one gets
　　rid of these habits one can think more clearly, and think clearly is a __8__
　　necessary first step towards political regeneration: so that the fight
　　against bad English is not frivolous and is not the exclusive concerning __9__
　　of professional writers. I will come back to this present, and I hope __10__
　　that by that time the meaning of what I have said here will have become
　　clearer.

会计考友

　　答案及解析:
　　1.economical－economic
8 ^/ L% E, t$ r3 r6 L- A　　economical的意思是“节约的，经济的，省钱的”，而此处应选择economic表示“经济的，有关经济的”。
' ?" V6 S+ L' W2 X# C　　2.writers－writer
4 u# z$ w5 l6 S* ~  t5 L5 n　　this or that后面应接单数名词，因为从意思上来看应是二选一的，所以是单数。
　　3.reinforce－reinforcing
+ b2 l( k. w4 s' M4 w　　“an effect can become a cause”和“reinforce the original cause”两个分句并不是并列的关系，应该说是主句和从句的关系，应该将reinforce变为-ing形式，这也与后面的“producing the same effect”保持形式上的一致。
　　4.take^－to
　　take to 表示“养成习惯，沉湎于”。
9 N' x% W* N5 C7 q% u: F+ H) A* G　　5.most－more
: |; t: `& b0 a4 P　　all the more 表示“更加”，如：
! p9 g. O/ K2 T# J; h4 q0 z3 g　　The living room is decorated in pale colors which make it all he more airy.
　　6.sloven－slovenliness
6 M: v" `. N- _- m2 i2 E　　sloven作名词表示“懒散的人，散漫的人”，这里显然语义不对，所以应改为slovenliness表示“懒散，邋遢”。
0 I& @7 \8 N1 S　　7.irreversible－reversible
) j0 A0 X+ m1 s; J% t* q　　reversible（可逆的），irreversible（不可逆的）
$ J6 {" A. f, s　　如上文所述，语言和思维的关系是相互影响的；由于我们思想的愚蠢，我们的语言变得丑陋，不准确；同时我们的语言的不精确也使我们的思维变得更加愚蠢。所以这个过程是能倒退的。
: j# g( p% O/ @1 ]  H' g" h4 A　　8.^think－to
- Y8 m# e! z" O1 y- {　　动词原形本身无法作主语，必须将它变成-ing形式或不定式，由于这里有将要发生的含义，所以选用不定式 to think。
　　9.concerning－concern
- [$ P& d1 n. k: L. A8 ~2 n　　concern本身既可以做动词也可以作名次。
5 s' v$ _. V9 D6 S- `$ P　　10.present－presently
　　presently表示“不久，一会儿”。present在这里讲不通。