英语专业八级改错练习题及答案解析(四十五)

会计考友

　　Now, it is clear that the decline of a language must ultimately
5 v5 ]0 U7 `" i9 L　　have political and economical causes: it is not due simply to the bad __1__
　　influence of this or that individual writers. But an effect can become __2__
9 o1 `, ]1 _0 N1 V　　a cause, reinforce the original cause and producing the same effect __3__
　　in an intensified form, and so on indefinitely. A man may take drink __4__
　　because he feels himself to be a failure, and then fail all the most __5__
　　completely because he drinks. It is rather the same thing that is
7 Z" s! x1 k# |+ @. B　　happening to the English language. It becomes ugly and inaccurate
　　because our thoughts are foolish, but the sloven of our language __6__
　　makes it easier for us to have foolish thoughts. The point is that the
　　process is irreversible. Modern English, especially written English, __7__
　　is full of bad habits which spread by imitation and which can be
/ [* J8 k3 k4 C+ @; g+ y+ H$ k8 N9 e　　avoided if one is willing to take the necessary trouble. If one gets
( C- D- ?, x% s3 N- \7 z% I8 Q　　rid of these habits one can think more clearly, and think clearly is a __8__
- q/ N* Q) o% }4 n# M5 D# K: t　　necessary first step towards political regeneration: so that the fight
　　against bad English is not frivolous and is not the exclusive concerning __9__
　　of professional writers. I will come back to this present, and I hope __10__
& F7 d, |8 @7 ]/ W) E$ u- z/ i& r　　that by that time the meaning of what I have said here will have become
　　clearer.

会计考友

　　答案及解析:
; J1 ?8 {7 g8 f# d　　1.economical－economic
2 w0 ]5 K+ z8 ^# G2 {8 \　　economical的意思是“节约的，经济的，省钱的”，而此处应选择economic表示“经济的，有关经济的”。
　　2.writers－writer
4 d: S3 t( R/ w　　this or that后面应接单数名词，因为从意思上来看应是二选一的，所以是单数。
; e+ G- z4 K& f7 c4 k+ n# O, v/ b　　3.reinforce－reinforcing
; {+ V) `2 D7 D2 w　　“an effect can become a cause”和“reinforce the original cause”两个分句并不是并列的关系，应该说是主句和从句的关系，应该将reinforce变为-ing形式，这也与后面的“producing the same effect”保持形式上的一致。
　　4.take^－to
6 e; T. e8 H& ~: A9 ]- O　　take to 表示“养成习惯，沉湎于”。
9 t5 S/ n" w3 H8 Q- B0 K- Y( w　　5.most－more
　　all the more 表示“更加”，如：
　　The living room is decorated in pale colors which make it all he more airy.
　　6.sloven－slovenliness
7 ^; Q* f2 m% |& e% J9 }　　sloven作名词表示“懒散的人，散漫的人”，这里显然语义不对，所以应改为slovenliness表示“懒散，邋遢”。
　　7.irreversible－reversible
　　reversible（可逆的），irreversible（不可逆的）
　　如上文所述，语言和思维的关系是相互影响的；由于我们思想的愚蠢，我们的语言变得丑陋，不准确；同时我们的语言的不精确也使我们的思维变得更加愚蠢。所以这个过程是能倒退的。
　　8.^think－to
　　动词原形本身无法作主语，必须将它变成-ing形式或不定式，由于这里有将要发生的含义，所以选用不定式 to think。
　　9.concerning－concern
　　concern本身既可以做动词也可以作名次。
" h0 V  E* V* F8 n' V7 d! c- G　　10.present－presently
　　presently表示“不久，一会儿”。present在这里讲不通。