英语专业八级改错练习题及答案解析(四十五)

会计考友

　　Now, it is clear that the decline of a language must ultimately
　　have political and economical causes: it is not due simply to the bad __1__
0 V/ q( c* M, ]" B9 s　　influence of this or that individual writers. But an effect can become __2__
　　a cause, reinforce the original cause and producing the same effect __3__
　　in an intensified form, and so on indefinitely. A man may take drink __4__
　　because he feels himself to be a failure, and then fail all the most __5__
, N' K1 i$ M) E6 n/ i+ s' \　　completely because he drinks. It is rather the same thing that is
" S$ G1 F! n6 S) E" D& t0 J　　happening to the English language. It becomes ugly and inaccurate
　　because our thoughts are foolish, but the sloven of our language __6__
　　makes it easier for us to have foolish thoughts. The point is that the
　　process is irreversible. Modern English, especially written English, __7__
　　is full of bad habits which spread by imitation and which can be
, _; v" |( O' D: i　　avoided if one is willing to take the necessary trouble. If one gets
6 C/ L  Z" _$ c! M1 |　　rid of these habits one can think more clearly, and think clearly is a __8__
　　necessary first step towards political regeneration: so that the fight
　　against bad English is not frivolous and is not the exclusive concerning __9__
- @3 m8 T: A& {& \　　of professional writers. I will come back to this present, and I hope __10__
" P+ o$ l9 y3 F9 X　　that by that time the meaning of what I have said here will have become
　　clearer.

会计考友

　　答案及解析:
　　1.economical－economic
　　economical的意思是“节约的，经济的，省钱的”，而此处应选择economic表示“经济的，有关经济的”。
1 ^8 K; g! l+ Q0 _& [4 I- g- \0 O　　2.writers－writer
　　this or that后面应接单数名词，因为从意思上来看应是二选一的，所以是单数。
8 B1 ~% Z8 Q, w) S　　3.reinforce－reinforcing
" A& o$ M+ K1 Z- ^: e% {* V; g5 G　　“an effect can become a cause”和“reinforce the original cause”两个分句并不是并列的关系，应该说是主句和从句的关系，应该将reinforce变为-ing形式，这也与后面的“producing the same effect”保持形式上的一致。
0 ?) G1 r( r- \+ b! M　　4.take^－to
　　take to 表示“养成习惯，沉湎于”。
, d9 Z8 w2 A+ R' @9 T$ V% F% f　　5.most－more
　　all the more 表示“更加”，如：
　　The living room is decorated in pale colors which make it all he more airy.
6 {9 {# C! f" i, Y. v. p　　6.sloven－slovenliness
1 {$ K& R8 \; e% b! N' @; t9 d　　sloven作名词表示“懒散的人，散漫的人”，这里显然语义不对，所以应改为slovenliness表示“懒散，邋遢”。
　　7.irreversible－reversible
　　reversible（可逆的），irreversible（不可逆的）
　　如上文所述，语言和思维的关系是相互影响的；由于我们思想的愚蠢，我们的语言变得丑陋，不准确；同时我们的语言的不精确也使我们的思维变得更加愚蠢。所以这个过程是能倒退的。
" l7 f. ^& O9 G　　8.^think－to
% L: ?8 _2 X% T* n) h- O& W　　动词原形本身无法作主语，必须将它变成-ing形式或不定式，由于这里有将要发生的含义，所以选用不定式 to think。
　　9.concerning－concern
　　concern本身既可以做动词也可以作名次。
2 a4 w$ Q, I8 n' y6 Y　　10.present－presently
　　presently表示“不久，一会儿”。present在这里讲不通。