英语专业八级改错练习题及答案解析(六十六)

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　　　　Is language, as food, a basic human need? Judging __1__
　　from the drastic experiment of Frederick in the
　　13th century it may be. Hoping to discover what
1 G1 I' w! |3 G$ n　　language a child would speak if he heard mother __2__
' }# r$ D2 p( L( A　　tongue, he told the nurses to keep silent.
　　Today no such drastic deprivation exists as ordered __3__
　　by Frederick. Furthermore, some children are still __4__
　　backward in speaking. Most often the reason for this
　　is that the mother is insensitive to the cues and
2 I/ n0 j) J* |% l　　signals of the infant, whose brain is programmed to
% w1 f# h' `# a5 F+ g　　mop up language rapidly. There are critical times, it
- k: i/ L5 B! L6 N4 a4 m　　seems, when children learn more readily. If these
　　sensitive periods are neglected, the ideal time for
/ H! }. q) N: Q) f! ~0 T* X　　acquiring skills passes away and they might never be __5__
& ~3 i7 I% L- j" H% q. w　　learned so easily again.
; u% S- A, q9 @: T( l9 ~1 ]: R　　Linguists suggest that speech milestones are reached
1 V5 G! f& ?& G1 ]. g. P$ d　　in a fixed sequence and at a constant age. But there
　　are cases where speech has started late in a child
　　who eventually turns up to be of high IQ. Recent __6__
% m2 n# U  f0 q9 ?　　evidence suggests that an infant is born of the __7__
; a- ~) ?; Q% _; a5 C2 c4 t　　capacity to speak. But speech has to be triggered,
　　and this depends on interaction between the mother
3 ]5 N( ^" v1 s　　and the child,where the mother realizes the cues and __8__
　　signals in the child's babbling, grasping, crying,
　　smiling, and responds to it. Insensitivity of the __9__
　　mother to these signals dulls the interation because
5 Z* U3 h9 h8 ^% T, |- t- X　　the child gets discouraged and sends out only obvious
+ J; i+ J. u" w1 C　　signals. Sensitivity to the child's verbal cues is __10__
% D% ]) y4 h+ t" {  Z1 J5 H　　essential to the growth and development of language.
　　答案及解析:
8 F. \# y! l0 T. [- m: P' Q' ?　　1.as--like
. t$ u$ ?+ z: I# D, T　　作为介词，as是“作为”的意思；like是“像……一样”的意思。as用在此处显然句意不通。
2 P  A( H! f; e. M8 B9 I　　2.^mother--no
7 W( D$ G1 n8 `, C4 a( n/ Y5 P. j( L　　根据下文提到的he told the nurses to keep silent 可以判断出，此处应该为if he heard no mother tongue，即：如果听不到母语，孩子会讲什么语言。
　　3.as^--that
0 k9 E" Z7 Y  j/ q) b3 {  ]7 \5 O　　句中的as是一个介词，后面缺少宾语，后面添加的that替代the deprivation，而ordered by Frederick 是一个过去分词短语，做定语修饰that。
0 n. d% }, M- ^! h& s6 t  \) t) A/ R　　4..Furthermore--Neverthless/However
- u; Q0 R6 ~2 R! S% P　　Furthermore表示的是递进关系，而这一句话与前一句话明显构成的是转折关系。
　　5.away--动词pass是指“经过，通过，流逝”，而pass away是指“去世，死亡”，用在此处不和文意。
- w1 E: ?2 {% [8 o+ v7 D　　6.up--out
$ Q% D! C1 I5 X3 V) @　　短语turn up的意思是“出现，找到”，而turn out 的意思是“结果证明是……”，这句话的意思是说：有些情况是说话比较迟的孩子，最终却被证明智商很高。
* E! O+ v% P* _! s% t# V　　7.of--with
　　be born with...意思是“与生俱来的...”是一固定短语搭配。
( B* y# |0 B# _' M. ]  n9 z　　8.realizes--recognizes
　　realize意思是“认识到，了解”，recognize的意思是“识别，认可”，可见recognize符合文章意思：语言需要激发，而这取决于母亲和孩子之间的互动，在互动当中，母亲识别孩子的牙牙学语声和笑声哭声中的暗示和信号。
　　9.it--them
　　此处指代的词是cues and signals，所以，代词应该用复数形式them。
　　10.verbal--nonverbal
　　根据上文判断，babbling，prasping，crying，smiling均为非言语信号，所以是nonverbal。