专业八级改错练习题及答案解析(16)

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　　When a human infant is born into any community in any part of the
　　world it has two things in common with any infant, provided neither of them __1__
　　have been damaged in any way either before or during birth. Firstly, and most __2__
　　obviously, new born children are completely helpless. Apart from a powerful
# `) e0 D% O6 I9 h　　capacity to pay attention to their helplessness by using sound, there is nothing __3__
　　the new born child can do to ensure his own survival. Without care from some
　　other human being or beings, be it mother, grandmother, or human group, a
( ]. U' [! N2 M% _　　child is very unlikely to survive. This helplessness of human infants is in marked
. |1 s4 d6 u6 Z# H+ Z5 ~　　contrast with the capacity of many new born animals to get on their feet within __4__
- K$ I2 K0 H' M$ v( Q& S  Z　　minutes of birth and run with the herd within a few hours. Although young
　　animals are certainly in risk, sometimes for weeks or even months after birth, __5__
　　compared with the human infant, they very quickly develop the capacity to
　　fend for them. __6__
5 R, q. m$ }$ h　　It is during this very long period in which the human infant is totally
/ ]+ D7 s; ?/ z6 ?* j　　dependent on the others that it reveals the second feature which it shares with all __7__
　　other undamaged human infants, a capacity to learn language. For this reason,
　　biologists now suggest that language be “ species specific” to the human race, __8__
　　that is to say, they consider the human infant to be genetic programmed in __9__
　　such way that it can acquire language. This suggestion implies that just __10__
　　as human beings are designed to see three-dimensionally and in color and just
　　as they are designed to stand upright rather than to move on all fours, so they
9 h' h! O2 f! I: I- _9 ]. j　　are designed to learn and use language as part of their normal development as
( {" |; C/ E- t5 v! X2 J: ?$ o% {, q　　well-formed human beings.
# D+ J2 H2 w- A. ?5 c' w　　参考答案及解析:
/ x- [. X! C6 s+ w/ t　　1 在any infant 中间加other
' t2 H' M: \% c1 k3 ~　　在比较一物与他物,一人与他人的异同时,必须从比较对象中排除该物或该人.
7 B; ?: W/ G  f7 d　　2 将have改为has
　　该谓语动词的主语为neither,所以要使用单数形式.
1 @5 J* @4 ]9 U7 f( h7 a　　3 将pay改为draw/call/attract/elicit
  p" A' u: j: c/ }4 `1 f　　这里要表达的是 “引起注意”.
3 a& B  {- K: s, K# X　　4 将on改为to
　　get/ rise/ spring to one’s feet 作 “起身,站起来”将.
　　5 in risk 改为 in danger 或者 at risk
" I; Y0 k" }* H* R, D　　6 将them 改为themselves
　　根据上下文,我们可以看出,这里需要一个代词来作 fend for 的宾语.
　　7 删除定冠词the
　　8 将be 改为is
" U7 G5 i: O. V2 X( C, n' B　　在这里suggest 作 “认为,提出看法,暗示说”讲,不作 “建议”讲, 因此,不可使用虚拟语气.
; i; m% Y! W' h  y　　9 讲genetic改为genetically
# d4 r" b, B( F, o2 [8 X+ u　　这里副词genetically 修饰过去分词programmed.
5 L* l' {6 C3 }6 T+ r' q　　10 在such way 中间加入a
　　名词way为可数名词单数,因此前面要使用不定冠词.