专业八级改错练习题及答案解析(16)

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　　When a human infant is born into any community in any part of the
" v. P/ W. m' c" t- H# R: W　　world it has two things in common with any infant, provided neither of them __1__
　　have been damaged in any way either before or during birth. Firstly, and most __2__
　　obviously, new born children are completely helpless. Apart from a powerful
　　capacity to pay attention to their helplessness by using sound, there is nothing __3__
　　the new born child can do to ensure his own survival. Without care from some
5 t9 E* Q& [! O) ]) e5 l7 d　　other human being or beings, be it mother, grandmother, or human group, a
　　child is very unlikely to survive. This helplessness of human infants is in marked
6 W% k8 _' h1 z& l4 f　　contrast with the capacity of many new born animals to get on their feet within __4__
8 q: W! i6 Z6 t  H' E  `, L　　minutes of birth and run with the herd within a few hours. Although young
　　animals are certainly in risk, sometimes for weeks or even months after birth, __5__
8 l$ C% z+ o  \4 g* v7 V# f　　compared with the human infant, they very quickly develop the capacity to
　　fend for them. __6__
& f! L2 U8 _7 S　　It is during this very long period in which the human infant is totally
　　dependent on the others that it reveals the second feature which it shares with all __7__
+ A3 e( o6 x5 ]1 z4 v1 x　　other undamaged human infants, a capacity to learn language. For this reason,
! r! }: Q, v2 R/ i, O　　biologists now suggest that language be “ species specific” to the human race, __8__
: N( g9 o3 c, g- f: ]* p6 N( s　　that is to say, they consider the human infant to be genetic programmed in __9__
& r1 ~0 ~0 R4 k* L  h" g! l8 O' D　　such way that it can acquire language. This suggestion implies that just __10__
6 s  f$ r! u+ b; B* y4 _6 {　　as human beings are designed to see three-dimensionally and in color and just
8 M* B4 u1 t9 l. i0 t　　as they are designed to stand upright rather than to move on all fours, so they
　　are designed to learn and use language as part of their normal development as
　　well-formed human beings.
  m& O1 V: Z# r! _1 ~9 N0 A　　参考答案及解析:
　　1 在any infant 中间加other
, z( ?0 u- H7 w1 `$ N/ y9 Z( n　　在比较一物与他物,一人与他人的异同时,必须从比较对象中排除该物或该人.
　　2 将have改为has
+ u$ v; R; c1 v　　该谓语动词的主语为neither,所以要使用单数形式.
　　3 将pay改为draw/call/attract/elicit
7 J' n" D3 l) l# I6 x  S/ d　　这里要表达的是 “引起注意”.
　　4 将on改为to
　　get/ rise/ spring to one’s feet 作 “起身,站起来”将.
　　5 in risk 改为 in danger 或者 at risk
  c7 @! y! W7 X  a; O8 x6 E. i　　6 将them 改为themselves
7 K6 h. ^; a! w4 B9 F8 G　　根据上下文,我们可以看出,这里需要一个代词来作 fend for 的宾语.
4 b/ U& ^, |  x9 T* @9 ~- d　　7 删除定冠词the
# q9 H" g& n& c1 ~　　8 将be 改为is
　　在这里suggest 作 “认为,提出看法,暗示说”讲,不作 “建议”讲, 因此,不可使用虚拟语气.
　　9 讲genetic改为genetically
6 H5 [" P6 e) _. |　　这里副词genetically 修饰过去分词programmed.
% u3 \9 e" g, h- G! g　　10 在such way 中间加入a
) x  L! n8 V8 R　　名词way为可数名词单数,因此前面要使用不定冠词.