专四人文知识考点应试技巧

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　　.Which of the folowing is NOT a compound word?
　　A. Landlady
　　B. Greenhouse
　　C. Uplift
　　D. Unacceptable
　　[题解]D 属derivation
　　2.The word holiday originally meant holy day; but now the word signifies any day on which we don’t have to work. This is an example of ____
　　A. meanng shift
' G1 E3 a& n5 a/ d' R8 }　　B. widening of meaning
1 f+ A: I1 j0 V. j4 X/ S　　C. narrowing of meaning
　　D. loss of meaning
6 ]5 {8 T3 b) P& B　　[题解]B 关键字any
8 {0 Z% q, r2 ]( L( b# h# h　　3.The capital of Australia is ____
0 [9 d( o+ f# V7 m. m1 |: q5 U　　A. Sydney
　　B. Melbourne
- w5 s7 K& o" q, t7 Z( A5 y　　C. Canberra
　　D. Perth
0 s2 G! U5 m6 V# ~) I1 F6 r# V; G　　[题解]C
　　Sydney第一大城市，位于New South Wales州;
　　Melbourne第二大城市，位于victoria州;
　　Canberra位于Sydney与Melbourne之间；
　　Perth位于Australia州
　　4.Which degree is offered in community colleges in the United States?
% N- |) z/ I8 T) V& h9 k; |  x　　A. Master’s degree
3 M; B/ f% Z" T7 R8 [/ S# ~　　B. Docter’s degree
　　c. Bachelor’s degree
　　D. Associate’s degree
3 @- E" p0 f2 l" m3 j; y" H　　[题解]D
　　5.George Bernard Shaw was a(n) ____
6 {& U+ ?# B( O  u. E　　A. playwright
: w) B6 y, x7 F' O% Q4 o/ S5 {　　B. poet
　　C. novelist
: ]8 R  O1 }1 F6 h2 }. E　　D. essayist
* }0 Q4 b8 R1 p' p) \6 A; k7 L/ Z　　[题解]A
. ~2 o5 y/ ]% ?+ w! N# {　　（英）萧伯纳，爱尔兰裔，剧作家、批评家、社会评论家。着有Man and Superman,Back to Methuselah, Saint Joan圣女贞德, Arms and the Man，Pygmalion茶花女，获得1925年诺贝尔文学奖
　　6.John Galsworthy was most famous for ____
　　A. Heart of Darkness
　　B. Ulysses
　　C. The Forsyte Saga
　　D. A Passage to India
3 G) A+ v* n" ^; S. Z　　[题解]C
. D5 K& ^# O- I8 H4 r4 ]　　(英)高尔斯华绥，小说家、剧作家。着有The Forsyte Saga福赛特家史，于1993年获得了诺贝尔文学奖；
　　Heart of Darkness，作者Joseph Conrad，波兰裔英国小说家，另着有Lord Jim吉姆老爷；
　　Ulysses，作者James Joyce，爱尔兰作家，另着有Finnegans Wake为芬尼根守灵；
( W. O; n+ h" X) u- I% H; E3 _　　A Passage to India，作者E.M.Forster，英国小说家，另着有Howards End霍华德别业
　　7.The novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn was witten by ____
　　A. Henry James
　　B. O. Henry
　　C. Harriet Beecher Stower
& G4 \  Y, P3 ^) t　　D. Mark Twain

会计考友

　　[题解]D
　　（美）Henry James，着有Ambassadors, The Golden Bowl;
　　（美）O. Henry，短篇小说家, 真实姓名为William Sydney Porter，着有Cabbages and Kings，The Four Million；
. [5 c: r0 X: r" s　　（美）Harriet Beecher Stower，其反奴隶制小说Uncle Tom’s Cabin，促进了废奴运动发展；
; t4 \' V0 z4 G) k: A  R1 c　　（美）Mark Twain，真实姓名为Samnel Langhorne clemens，另着有The Adventures of Tom Samyer
6 b1 V& a' \5 x- C6 q9 V0 ~4 w　　8.The study of how sounds are put together and used to convey meaning in communication is _______
/ i' u4 A1 q# h& b( B" x　　A. morphology
　　B. general linguistics
　　C. phonology
　　D. semantics
　　[题解]C
4 }" U2 M2 L* J  B: l4 h0 c　　Linguistics语言学，the study of human language。包括Theoretical linguistics，Applied linguistics，Sociolinguistics，Cognitive linguistics和Historical linguistics。
　　这里主要考Theoretical linguistics，包括:
( b8 k2 F- s, P2 n　　1.Lexis词汇学, the study of what is a word and where words come from
. c! B& D, C2 f  z. ]/ n. _9 t9 F　　2.Semantics语义学，the study of meaning in a language
! u$ E8 _. X6 `, ~" G4 A1 H8 {　　3.Phonetics语音学，the study of speech sounds (voice).
　　4.Phonology音位学/音系学,the study of how sounds are put together and used to convey meaning in communication
, e* \& L- O6 Q; t2 Y8 [7 ~　　5.Morphology形态学，the study of the structure and form of words and phrases
　　6.Syntax句法学，the study of the rules, or "patterned relations" that govern the way the words in a sentence come together，与morphology形态学并称grammer语法学
8 m' ^+ v( y* ]; {+ j2 i　　7.Stylistics文体学，the study of style used in literary, and verbal language and the effect the writer/speaker wishes to communicate to the reader/hearer.
　　8.Pragmatics语用学，generally the study of natural language understanding, and specifically the study of how context influences the interpretation of meanings.
. z0 a1 k; k+ L4 ^3 ^4 G% L! w　　补充：general linguistics, the study of the structure and development of language in general
) k! T7 D& ?! f' K　　9.Where is Edinburgh?
- X! p1 u6 @, `  t' v  C; s　　A. In wales
# c* c1 L; Y) E: z7 g　　B. In Scotland
　　C. In Northern Ireland
　　D. In Ireland
3 K* d: Y5 X( H" v　　[题解]B wales的首府为Cardiff,
　　Scotland的首府为Edinburgh，
2 n  f, @& ?) a　　Northern Ireland的首府为Belfast,
　　Ireland的首府为Dublin
; O9 A- Q4 q/ x　　10.Which of the following is Not a U.S. news and cable network?
　　A. ABC
6 f+ C$ H# h5 k$ y/ H# ]9 Z　　B. CNN
7 z- J4 m; k- ?7 R  }, W　　C. CBS
　　D. BBC
　　[题解]D