PETS五级写作指导:怎样才能突出句子的重点有效的句子要有重点,并且要突出重点。句子的重点可以通过下列方法,加以突出: 8 n* P: }1 D8 _6 o
1. 把重点摆在句首或句尾. 一般而论,最显眼的位置是在“句尾,其次是在句首,中间的位置最平淡,乏善可陈。例如:* D! H0 j5 d$ X2 M& a
(1).Incorrect grammar and improper construction invariably distract readers' attention. ) x8 t* B* R6 Q0 G9 Q$ v; R
(2) The history of vocabulary is, in many ways, the record of civilization.
& t7 v) \- y- h% p. U把重点放在句尾是种“吊胃口”的方法,读者或听者非得读完或听完整句不可。
" @ J b/ E6 L2. 在复杂句里,把主句放在从句之后.除了名词从句和形容词从句之外,因为它们位置较固定,副词从句中有几种的位置灵活,可以在主句之前出现,也可以跟在主句之后。通常我们就把这样的副词从句提前,重点则放在后头的主句,如(3b):
- P6 u" G- C( m0 {; F5 H(3a) I came upon an old classmate when I went to town yesterday.
, E0 _" R! O, E: w(3b) When I went to town yesterday, I came upon an old classmate.- e9 J5 Y6 l* [4 @3 D7 Z# o5 M
副词短语更是如此,如 (4b):, k/ z/ s7 D: t5 E) Y# P) y1 X% v
(4a) Steel is commonly used to make knives, razors and other useful tools because of its durability.' g; F. R- V. o) a
(4b) Because of its durability, steel is commonly used to make knives, razors and other useful tools.
' K4 g: t) U4 M2 ~% n6 i/ X4. 把句子中一系列的项目作逻辑性的排列。例如:
+ u4 q0 z: c, g `8 Z(7) Tony ate his dinner, watched TV, and then went to bed." C3 \% S- h& ]8 s
(8) Were you bored with years of study in elementary school, high school and institute of higher education?
6 }6 T" T# @% t& Y7 n& S- [5. 必要时,重复重要的语词或概念。 例如:6 l1 L/ Y. i& r$ H) p8 P2 L
(9) Jackie enjoys the company of ladies. He likes their beauty, he likes their delicacy, he likes their vivacity, and he likes their silence.$ g& `4 k9 r( v/ T5 ^* [9 r
(10) ...the land stretched out without names. Nameless headlands split the surf; nameless lakes reflected the nameless mountains and nameless rivers flowed through nameless valleys and nameless bays.$ C6 f2 \& _% X6 ^% c- |
6. 尽量用主动说态,因此(11b)比(11a)好:
S. {2 ?) v6 }* u(11a) A pedestrian was struck on the head by a flying stone.
: ?3 w5 u F( e, ?; l(11b) A flying stone struck a pedestrian on the head.5 O/ E& {; f+ [
7. 适当时候,可用倒装句和平行句,如:* R5 v& P* v6 B& `5 ]
(12) Seven dwarfs lived here in the center of the dark forest. →
$ s* { n9 Q j% X( W/ T! xHere, in the center of the dark forest lived seven dwarfs.
& \2 D0 }# O; N4 Z(13) Severity breeds fear; roughness breeds hatred.* M6 J; N1 _8 X2 i( J/ q+ i$ }2 l
(14) Honesty recommends that I speak; self-interest demands that I remain silent. |