PETS五级写作指导:怎样才能突出句子的重点有效的句子要有重点,并且要突出重点。句子的重点可以通过下列方法,加以突出: 9 f3 d' v, @$ I/ k5 A& f" S a
1. 把重点摆在句首或句尾. 一般而论,最显眼的位置是在“句尾,其次是在句首,中间的位置最平淡,乏善可陈。例如:! o" |" ^6 {$ D
(1).Incorrect grammar and improper construction invariably distract readers' attention. ' R) ?7 n( U5 H9 F, x, e v. O3 Q
(2) The history of vocabulary is, in many ways, the record of civilization.
# t4 V( N8 t/ }1 u0 f& J0 [* \$ f把重点放在句尾是种“吊胃口”的方法,读者或听者非得读完或听完整句不可。3 L% P, o. R) m$ X9 w! A [, t
2. 在复杂句里,把主句放在从句之后.除了名词从句和形容词从句之外,因为它们位置较固定,副词从句中有几种的位置灵活,可以在主句之前出现,也可以跟在主句之后。通常我们就把这样的副词从句提前,重点则放在后头的主句,如(3b):
2 w! I( \7 S9 q(3a) I came upon an old classmate when I went to town yesterday.7 ?& W5 K/ z, ^% y8 V0 b
(3b) When I went to town yesterday, I came upon an old classmate. {, e" |4 `& z8 i6 ^1 k9 ]1 l
副词短语更是如此,如 (4b):! k$ j4 ]* R7 g% u# A9 R
(4a) Steel is commonly used to make knives, razors and other useful tools because of its durability.6 n# m+ J$ [3 y
(4b) Because of its durability, steel is commonly used to make knives, razors and other useful tools.
. H( j& i' r' W4. 把句子中一系列的项目作逻辑性的排列。例如:
5 C0 U% v; e" v1 t4 l# m4 Y(7) Tony ate his dinner, watched TV, and then went to bed.
5 \* u5 ?3 A! ?2 Y(8) Were you bored with years of study in elementary school, high school and institute of higher education?
$ r( c. v. L/ ?5. 必要时,重复重要的语词或概念。 例如:7 B7 Z8 i! k' E4 G' F2 k1 [" b
(9) Jackie enjoys the company of ladies. He likes their beauty, he likes their delicacy, he likes their vivacity, and he likes their silence.
/ L, y* Q9 |* ?7 z V(10) ...the land stretched out without names. Nameless headlands split the surf; nameless lakes reflected the nameless mountains and nameless rivers flowed through nameless valleys and nameless bays.4 u# a" u ^- i* G; f) |+ [
6. 尽量用主动说态,因此(11b)比(11a)好:5 g r* |- T0 h" d( X3 Z' D! `$ G1 s
(11a) A pedestrian was struck on the head by a flying stone.1 F8 Z: e2 u/ o, V2 p
(11b) A flying stone struck a pedestrian on the head.
( V% T) p* k. L8 a) c$ g1 a. S6 X" l; O7. 适当时候,可用倒装句和平行句,如:. L9 P, }$ @# n! u
(12) Seven dwarfs lived here in the center of the dark forest. →
/ ]; y v j* Y" m eHere, in the center of the dark forest lived seven dwarfs.
6 f: m8 g E4 i' y& x(13) Severity breeds fear; roughness breeds hatred.
: U2 b5 Q8 @& w/ E(14) Honesty recommends that I speak; self-interest demands that I remain silent. |