1. "cannot…too…"结构,"cannot…too…"意为"It is impossible to overdo…"或者,即"无论怎样……也不算过分"。"not"可换用"hardly","scarcely"等,"too"可换用"enough","sufficient"等
! L1 `0 V" W! q, Y2 G You cannot be too careful.
( ?0 t0 Q! b: W- @ 2. "否定+but "结构,在否定词后面的"but",具有"which not","who not","that not",等等否定意义,构成前后的双重否定。可译成"没有……不是"或"……都……"等 $ v! L8 x8 g) A) @9 d4 C
Nothing is so bad but it might have been worse. 9 V0 I# \9 U% ^& S |6 f8 i! q' E
3. "否定+until (till)"结构,在否定词"no","not","never","little","few","seldom"等的后边所接用的"until/till",多数情况下译为"直到……才……","要……才……",把否定译为肯定。 $ H1 q( B, G/ h" q w; w) D( o
Nobody knows what he can do till he has tried. ) S) V4 X. l8 _7 `! c& r3 m9 s
4. "not so…but"和"not such a …but"结构,这两个结构和"否定+but"的结构差不多,不同之点是这两个结构中的"but"是含有"that…not"意味的连续词,表示程度。可译为"还没有到不能做……的程度","并不是……不……","无论怎样……也不是不能……"等。 / t+ J* C3 s7 F( |$ H% f3 C& d$ w
He is not so sick but he can come to school.
& h9 ?( p# {; |9 Y0 ] 5. "疑问词+should…but "结构,这个结构表示过去的意外的事,意为"none…but",可译为"除了……还有谁会……","岂料","想不到……竟是……"等。 ) _: l. Y, _3 S8 P+ W( l: H
Who should write it but himself?
6 T$ ]. ^: j! I0 P; k' ?! X 6. "who knows but (that)…"和"who could should…but"结构,这个结构是反问形式,一般意译为"多半","亦未可知"等等,有时也可直译。 ' Y, Q0 w" S+ q6 S
Who knows but (that) he may go? 8 r; M8 a% o' d. D L& F" G
7. "祈使句+and"和"祈使句+or"结构,"祈使句+and"表示"If…you…","祈使名+or"表示"if…not…,you。 1 W( M6 r ` [" E6 D6 M
Add love to a house and you have a home. Aad righteousness to a city and you have a community. Aad truth to a pile of red brick and you have a school.
" y. \# O3 H: _1 c: L3 f 8. "名词+and"结构,在这个结构中,名词等于状语从句,或表示条件,或表示时间。 |