</p>七. 不间断句子(Run-on Sentences)
" W. o. M4 K( N0 H什么叫run-on sentence?请看下面的例句。& |6 ?& i* E+ U, o% l2 p0 w
例1. There are many ways we get to know the outside world。, Z8 `7 P8 \, c. o; P5 q7 s/ F
剖析:这个句子包含了两层完整的意思:“There are many ways。” 以及“We get to know the outside world。”。简单地把它们连在一起就不妥当了。! n, ?% m$ r O2 V U; a; ]7 j
改为:
" C( i. j2 |2 P+ YThere are many ways for us to learn about the outside world. 或:/ O& s8 ]0 D ~5 }3 _
There are many ways through which we can become acquainted with the outside world。# X3 I+ |" T, \8 \/ s
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八. 措词毛病(Troubles in Diction)
% Y; f0 U: o1 o4 eDiction 是指在特定的句子中如何适当地选用词语的问题,囿于教学时间紧迫,教师平时在这方面花的时间往往极其有限,影响了学生在写作中没有养成良好的推敲,斟酌的习惯。他们往往随心所欲,拿来就用。所以作文中用词不当的错误比比皆是。
2 u( \/ F7 A3 W7 `) H) y+ p2 T( x例1. The increasing use of chemical obstacles in agriculture also makes pollution。
; U* m" m; m. z" N# b(农业方面化学物质使用的不断增加也造成了污染。)& |& p0 W; y' }
剖析:显然,考生把obstacles“障碍”,“障碍物”误作substance“物质”了。另外“the increasing use (不断增加的使用)” 应改为“abusive use (滥用)”。& }( z+ J5 P# }; g
改为:
0 q$ Q5 H& O6 ?) [( WThe abusive use of chemical substances in agriculture also causes/leads to pollution。: b$ s1 X7 \4 u. Z+ r
九. 累赘(Redundancy)) ~+ Q8 G' |) \9 U* b
言以简洁为贵。写句子没有一个多余的词;写段落没有一个无必要的句子。能用单词的不用词组;能用词组的不用从句或句子。如:% h I: T6 ]7 f, ]$ ~: j
In spite of the fact that he is lazy, I like him。+ f3 E( ^4 r, F. T% @7 ~; Y5 E. ~# A
本句的“the fact that he is lazy”系同谓语从句,我们按照上述“能用词组的不用从句”可以改为:In spite of his laziness, I like him。! G- z, r- A1 e( p `% U8 l
例1. For the people who are diligent and kind, money is just the thing to be used to buy the thing they need。1 A+ \" Y- w+ \ r5 K: Q3 V
剖析:整个句子可以大大简化。) X9 t, P1 n5 p, I0 [* W
改为: A/ J, A$ r1 E7 m8 C- b
Diligent, caring people use money only to buy what they need。' t, z$ j+ v6 N" ?" ?& j# {8 B
十. 不连贯(Incoherence)$ I+ S$ }8 w' O7 U
不连贯是指一个句子前言不对后语,或是结构上不畅通。这也是考生常犯的毛病。, i2 h5 F0 K) F" P
例1. The fresh water, it is the most important things of the earth。
9 s4 z$ R$ U: G9 X' t4 l' p; l! Y剖析:The fresh water 与逗号后的it 不连贯。It 与things 在数方面不一致。
; N9 T b1 m) d改为:
9 _8 W& y( P2 R: r$ p( }4 N. JFresh water is the most important thing in the world。+ T' u$ ?* e7 n7 C5 i
十一. 综合性语言错误(Comprehensive Misusage)7 ~4 v, R% I/ n, V& u
所谓“综合性语言错误”,是指除了上述十种错误以外,还有诸如时态,语态,标点符号,大小写等方面的错误。
2 b' a% e/ Q/ ^例1.Today, Money to everybody is very importance, our’s eat, cloth, live, go etc。 |