词汇题: 基本介绍: - J |5 G: H7 C9 }, b2 A
iBT阅读词汇题指的是从语言环境(简称语境)中理解词汇。语境在这里又称上下文。英语单词常常是一词多义,词汇题除了考察考生是否具备一定单词量以外,还测试考生在一定语境下准确地理解词义的技能。这类题不属于新题型,新托福的变化在于单词的难度降低,而灵活性却大大增加。新托福更侧重考生的阅读能力,而不是单纯的考查某一个孤立的语言点。: O5 }' I4 r" l
常用题型:' B- i# S, J- i* \3 @; z$ H
The word/phrase…in the passage is closest in meaning to…
3 m+ u5 ^3 Z. t" n The word/phrase…in the passage means…
1 O/ V3 @$ a. x6 J# p4 d The word/phrase… in paragraph…refers to…
- z/ I6 o6 q, i8 a1 i& Q% _ What is…?
! V; i, L' K* ^8 v( Z I" N “猜词”
+ f/ X* u9 \& U1 `, x 词汇量大对于理解一篇文章来说至关重要。不过有时可通过上下文来推断或猜测词意,比如可通过例句,对比词,同义词活文章其他段落的解释等。
, m9 Z2 W6 a1 w- T4 j “推断”
; |$ \: N5 Z2 J* r# ]. j 英语单词常常一词多义,准确的词义一定要依语境而定。值得注意的是,并不是所有的词都能从语境种推断出来,在又干扰项的情况下,你有时没有任何线索可以猜测出生词的词义,事先记住该词的词义是唯一正确回答该题的方式。
% B$ w+ i" s/ q; U 3. “增加词汇量”
- x& F1 ~ V9 W1 d( y3 y 掌握一定的词汇量是很重要的。每一篇文章种都有2至3个词汇题,总共8至10个。/ W8 R9 z3 {' r+ \2 V, T% R6 w
案例:
% R1 W0 I( p/ M# e% i+ f# a* O Trends in clothing fashions are often engineered by clothing designers, advertisers, and the media to create a particular “look”. The “grunge” look is an example of a heavily promoted fashion. Fashions are more universally subscribed to than fads. Wearing athletic shoes as casual attire is a good example of a universal fashion.9 T' l& g+ m2 g/ e
Glossary:
' G% r% a& j1 h c1 [ Grunge: One that is dirty, inferior, obnoxious, or boring.
; L- K Y4 y" u, `# L5 |1 B& @. B The words subscribed to in the passage is closest in meaning to y8 k. _9 X/ Q7 x2 \
A: advertised
% L) s) b& q# Y B: donated to
5 U+ L$ E0 |$ M$ J C: followed# ?4 D& @- O. ?) @9 f" }4 `% o
D: led7 h/ ]. y; [# a4 K1 D5 b' s3 R! f
分析:
. j3 w+ O( B3 H' m 1. 选项C正确. Followed意为追随,按语境来说是在意思上最接近subscribed to.
- H8 Q$ J/ T) c" s- q2 e 2. 选项A属干扰项,是promoted同义词. Donate to虽然有subscribe to的意思,但不能在这个语境下使用,它是subscribe to 的其他意思, subscribe to money指给慈善机构或大选后选人捐款.
+ b" p2 T! d" F& ~0 O9 w 3. 选项D的原形lead是follow的反义词,起干扰作用.
4 j% E( j. x1 Q$ o 总之,排除干扰选项,即临近词的同义词,所考查词汇的近义词,反义词及概括总结上下文的词汇等,加上上面的考试技巧,相信可以取得不错的成绩!
. q1 g" G6 V8 W2 q 插入文本题:9 p. ]* }$ B) e/ k& h8 `
基本介绍:
! f* Q7 u8 S, _* n3 ` 文章中有4处空格,题干是一句话,要求考生根据逻辑关系把句子拖拽到文章的段落中最合适的地方,这也是拖拽题中的一种形式。衔接词包括代词,形容词,关联词等表示过渡的短语。这类题要求考生快速了解文章的结构,提炼中心思想。; C( c/ F3 a" w1 @6 C, I
出题形式:
" o8 W% u- q( a 托福阅读考试有3篇文章,每篇可涉及0至1道此类问题,总共有3题。这类题型考查考生对文章的合理性和完整性的判断,以及句与句之间和段与段之间的逻辑关系。9 S$ s) M) x* J
考试技巧:! ~& {' b: ?7 _& t! l0 B4 L
熟识各类衔接词:代词,形容词。连词等表示过渡的短语,注意同义词及文中经常重复的词。特别注意重复使用的词,它可以帮你找出表示概括的主题句和表示细节的支持句的关系。一些表示顺序的词要留意:如first…second…another等。 ]+ B' s0 B. I+ M
案例:; q1 N0 P% v7 K* W( p
Look at the four squares, A, B, C, D, which indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage? Where would the sentence best fit? q9 x& g/ K1 F- y. C" F! f6 h
In addition, human beings require the give and take of actual interaction.
. x4 W5 E; F# [" ~4 j6 j The value of these replacement voices should not be oversold. For one thing, almost everyone agrees that too much TV does not one any good and may cause much harm. A Many studies show that excessive TV watching increases violent behavior, especially in children, and can cause, rather than ease, other antisocial behaviors and depression. B Steven Pinker, an expert in children’s language acquisition, warns that children cannot develop language properly by watching television. C They need to interact with actual speakers who respond directly to their specific needs. D Replacement voices are not real voices and in the end can do only limited good.
0 ^8 }* R2 w' N* A6 w' JWhere would the sentence best fit?8 \* f( @$ u F7 b
Click on a square to …add the sentence to the passage.
7 A+ G# v+ E w1 b7 Y 分析:' Q- ^7 W. i) u/ N {
选项C正确.注意插入句中的interaction和C句中所提到的interact的意思的重复.% L# Y: w) s; n( W9 q# z' a3 s) \! H
2. 插入句属概况的主题句, C句是表示细节的支持句,其中的they指代human beings.
" W1 ^# R. }6 F: n: {: F# u 总之,把握住了以上技巧,加上自己的努力,相信可以轻松突破iBT阅读插入文本题. |