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& L5 a3 l) n* u& q9 j1 A+ H¡¡¡¡(5) secrets so carefully that no one wrote about glass fiber production until the early
- E9 S2 \; |" I$ @- Q¡¡¡¡seventeenth century.
e1 Z# c* r( F¡¡¡¡The eighteenth century brought the invention of "spun glass" fibers. Rene-Antoine de
4 I# B! ^' S) u) p4 |8 a& x¡¡¡¡Reaumur, a French scientist, tried to make artificial feathers from glass. He made fibers. ?/ o n) ^; u$ W
¡¡¡¡by rotating a wheel through a pool of molten glass, pulling threads of glass where the hot
; j6 x; E) [5 M2 T# M¡¡¡¡(10) thick liquid stuck to the wheel. His fibers were short and fragile, but he predicted that2 V3 t5 {( G& j2 U$ U
¡¡¡¡spun glass fibers as thin as spider silk would be flexible and could be woven into fabric.
8 `6 `* a! V2 _) I0 @: X3 T# ]* |¡¡¡¡By the start of the nineteenth century, glassmakers learned how to make longer, stronger
1 n; S; ^) V) M$ r% g¡¡¡¡fibers by pulling them from molten glass with a hot glass tube. Inventors wound the
6 F! {6 E" a+ o9 D¡¡¡¡cooling end of the thread around a yarn reel, then turned the reel rapidly to pull more fiber+ a0 r# M' x( x- u
¡¡¡¡(15) from the molten glass. Wandering tradespeople began to spin glass fibers at fairs, making+ P+ s7 Z$ f8 W# f# a8 t
¡¡¡¡decorations and ornaments as novelties for collectors, but this material was of little" _' `6 Y! {8 D6 n/ U) C) R
¡¡¡¡practical use; the fibers were brittle, ragged, and no longer than ten feet, the circumference, |" H" F! k$ a2 r
¡¡¡¡of the largest reels. By the mid-1870's, however, the best glass fibers were finer than silk
) O. L3 V+ x9 w$ ]) B% k; h¡¡¡¡and could be woven into fabrics or assembled into imitation ostrich feathers to decorate0 y% k' S3 U: \; F
¡¡¡¡(20) hats. Cloth of white spun glass resembled silver; fibers drawn from yellow-orange glass
1 a, ?; L7 @6 M/ M: M( V' E¡¡¡¡looked golden.
- g; X0 e* z. z& U: p: f$ W¡¡¡¡Glass fibers were little more than a novelty until the 1930's, when their thermal and
6 q7 s/ T$ g1 @% i' J¡¡¡¡electrical insulating properties were appreciated and methods for producing continuous
- Z7 h; u3 ?2 D% a8 `- x¡¡¡¡filaments were developed. In the modern manufacturing process, liquid glass is fed
( G- J- D' ?/ M2 J! |¡¡¡¡(25) directly from a glass-melting furnace into a bushing, a receptacle pierced with hundreds
# S# I- ]) L7 J# T+ \¡¡¡¡of fine nozzles, from which the liquid issues in fine streams. As they solidify, the streams
: w4 ~& K2 A- S9 g¡¡¡¡of glass are gathered into a single strand and wound onto a reel.: A9 i& ?' L4 O3 P& G- Y9 O5 P7 B
¡¡¡¡1. Which of the following aspects of glass
( ?) D6 A; c, b! d$ b$ w9 X¡¡¡¡fiber does the passage mainly discuss?
9 j, g9 h% Q" I( |¡¡¡¡(A) The major developments in its
7 B. x+ f+ B/ z6 A! X- M% f¡¡¡¡production
, E3 f" |: ]* b6 \7 I. D9 `¡¡¡¡(B) Its relationship with pottery making
3 T- x+ Z/ r l1 F* V¡¡¡¡(C) Important inventors in its long history
: Z! }; s' Y: t9 C% b: z¡¡¡¡(D) The variety of its uses in modern
6 ?4 o" u4 e# B# z; B¡¡¡¡industry
' d( W9 ^* b2 Y! }$ R" B¡¡¡¡2. The word "coarse" in line 1 is closest in
. E- J3 \* H* `% b) {5 b¡¡¡¡meaning to8 O- G6 t$ N. h2 ` O, R
¡¡¡¡(A) decorative
/ c3 B m9 K* f% f- S/ E¡¡¡¡(B) natural- H( |, E/ h' s* e& z
¡¡¡¡(C) crude1 @ J0 q! j( }; ]1 L- r
¡¡¡¡(D) weak
+ j s' W) C. C4 H% E¡¡¡¡3. Why was there nothing written about the
+ \- Z% z; e/ |3 e4 G¡¡¡¡making of Renaissance glass fibers until- j A1 E5 \! R0 m) Q( k) ]
¡¡¡¡the seventeenth century?
% F& K* z5 y" s- M5 I2 Q6 b3 ^¡¡¡¡(A) Glassmakers were unhappy with the, h& Y. T2 L0 G- {& V5 `- S
¡¡¡¡quality of the fibers they could make.
* p- L0 x0 m, Q3 o¡¡¡¡(B) Glassmakers did not want to reveal
8 Z3 L5 ^5 S' f+ K3 h: J: ^; x4 O¡¡¡¡the methods they used.: H6 K; {/ U+ y* D" z' E$ K, f, k, ~6 n. F
¡¡¡¡(C) Few people were interested in the
/ m( E" Y5 L* M" H7 ]¡¡¡¡Renaissance style of glass fibers.
8 e4 X- t; e" Y7 g$ i) u% H¡¡¡¡(D) Production methods had been well6 v! r' T e3 D% Y- q z& ~
¡¡¡¡known for a long time.- V6 I$ J+ t) L# r7 L8 Q
¡¡¡¡4. According to the passage, using a hot
2 T% Y$ T$ p7 {+ P9 k+ k$ i4 x¡¡¡¡glass tube rather than a wheel to pull
' W/ g& ~4 D! c' V; o¡¡¡¡fibers from molten glass made the fibers3 h9 q4 q/ S% ]( _
¡¡¡¡(A) quicker to cool
9 s/ t/ h0 B: F- h¡¡¡¡(B) harder to bend6 Z6 E& Y% a, z% g" d
¡¡¡¡(C) shorter and more easily broken
0 p, m6 P+ G0 X6 M- K! F. H¡¡¡¡(D) longer and more durable, ?5 t' ~. Y7 T) L% p3 k
¡¡¡¡5. The phrase "this material" in line 16 refers
( o# h- }& Q8 l¡¡¡¡to& Y2 x9 v8 V0 R# u! A/ g& G
¡¡¡¡(A) glass fibers
8 v" m8 f0 ?9 a- d¡¡¡¡(B) decorations) O5 K% J1 z. s- ?& l0 }
¡¡¡¡(C) ornaments3 [! V% E G0 y( P
¡¡¡¡(D) novelties for collectors/ g; w5 a3 c% r7 ~# t
¡¡¡¡6. The word "brittle" in line 17 is closest in
9 ?5 ]! m) G2 P2 q3 v9 m. B \¡¡¡¡meaning to% P l2 E8 D) i1 r
¡¡¡¡(A) easily broken( x& e! v6 I" T y; I
¡¡¡¡(B) roughly made- [& l" t; m3 h+ i/ Q0 [% e
¡¡¡¡(C) hairy# L! T6 ]- M h
¡¡¡¡(D) shiny( f! \, K3 F% m- j
¡¡¡¡7. The production of glass fibers was- |2 h! [: T2 ~( E9 U; M4 c% ^# }+ v% q
¡¡¡¡improved in the nineteenth century by
8 `! V9 _1 m+ D$ U0 i6 b¡¡¡¡which of the following
5 I A4 {- w9 E# r# p1 Y8 s¡¡¡¡(A) Adding silver to the molten glass: Q: t* [. F2 X+ w5 l6 u
¡¡¡¡(B) Increasing the circumference of the
4 ^5 X2 z. ^, x" Y, h. C4 p¡¡¡¡glass tubes
+ c1 i* u1 L# ?. e* X4 j! Z; D¡¡¡¡(C) Putting silk thread in the center of the
1 W- h' F" s$ w: e* `¡¡¡¡fibers
- M/ H9 Z; m* l* _. G c( b1 K1 I; Y6 m¡¡¡¡(D) Using yam reels/ X$ w" ^& ~# h+ I! p1 Z1 f
¡¡¡¡8. The word "appreciated" in line 23 is8 M" T7 J7 w& H5 b% M
¡¡¡¡closest in meaning to
" u7 f3 V9 V, Y% Q1 }; U¡¡¡¡(A) experienced9 M! X6 M, h A! q& }+ @. g
¡¡¡¡(B) recognized
. l' d' e9 j! [# Q¡¡¡¡(C) explored
! }7 S2 h! m) g& O¡¡¡¡(D) increased
8 N+ a* r: s) E. J- E' }+ P' }5 x¡¡¡¡9. Which of the following terms is defined in# B! g$ ]( J3 S
¡¡¡¡the passage?
/ ?5 H. H6 u! j9 L¡¡¡¡(A) invention (line 7). {# L% I6 p4 H2 N5 R
¡¡¡¡(B) circumference (line 17)
. U- C- K8 I) L1 S, R0 }8 F' w) O¡¡¡¡(C) manufacturing process (line 24)3 K+ v+ ^% c( ?! d- o f+ C
¡¡¡¡(D) bushing (line25)! x+ I) K F; m! f7 K3 B* |; N4 B
¡¡¡¡Questions 10-19
2 P1 Y5 R1 W0 A* X( Y; r¡¡¡¡The most thoroughly studied cases of deception strategies employed by ground-nesting* H4 ^4 X( B4 Z2 d( [0 N
¡¡¡¡birds involve plovers, small birds that typically nest on beaches or in open fields, their* g. C6 h. a6 @$ m
¡¡¡¡nests merely scrapes in the sand or earth. Plovers also have an effective repertoire of tricks: x' s' `7 l: y, j4 C
¡¡¡¡Line for distracting potential nest predators from their exposed and defenseless eggs or chicks.
5 W! T/ y$ d) r$ ^* z¡¡¡¡(5) The ever-watchful plover can detect a possible threat at a considerable distance. When
( z7 r) H; m8 t( v& x0 Z" x; o¡¡¡¡she does, the nesting bird moves inconspicuously off the nest to a spot well away from
( e/ R$ i: p# k¡¡¡¡eggs or chicks. At this point she may use one of several ploys. One technique involves) c2 `) U5 Q$ \1 _3 |9 ~; Z1 w
¡¡¡¡first moving quietly toward an approaching animal and then setting off noisily through! C6 ~# | W( Y# Y8 ]! l
¡¡¡¡the grass or brush in a low, crouching run away from the nest, while emitting rodent like
* L' ]# [ n1 T. g¡¡¡¡(10) squeaks. The effect mimics a scurrying mouse or vole, and the behavior rivets the
$ a* L, k" k) O! g. A¡¡¡¡attention of the type of predators that would also be interested in eggs and chicks.
- X9 @, Z5 |* Q2 b( b& G2 p¡¡¡¡Another deception begins with quiet movement to an exposed and visible location well. m. \! n6 u4 ]* {
¡¡¡¡away from the nest. Once there, the bird pretends to incubate a brood. When the predator5 m" b8 L( G- F, F, E
¡¡¡¡approaches, the parent flees, leaving the false nest to be searched. The direction in which* x0 X" [" Z/ D; i2 x& f( l
¡¡¡¡(15) the plover "escapes" is such that if the predator chooses to follow, it will be led still further, J5 r! N1 h2 s- ` B) Y
¡¡¡¡away from the true nest.
, W' T# L& j* n* `% B, ^¡¡¡¡The plover's most famous stratagem is the broken-wing display, actually a continuum
4 u" j( n% s* G$ `7 Y% q3 H8 {¡¡¡¡of injury-mimicking behaviors spanning the range from slight disability to near-complete* c: W5 E. [- _
¡¡¡¡helplessness. One or both wings are held in an abnormal position, suggesting injury. The
9 W) ^/ l# |! s! N$ {* D) k¡¡¡¡(20) bird appears to be attempting escape along an irregular route that indicates panic. In the
2 q. s$ @9 A% Q- @6 z' C+ l, Y% Q¡¡¡¡most extreme version of the display, the bird flaps one wing in an apparent attempt to
1 P! ?. y' x. s! @7 b4 v¡¡¡¡take to the air, flops over helplessly, struggles back to its feet, runs away a short distance,
* h7 O( e7 T. Z' M* P1 R¡¡¡¡seemingly attempts once more to take off, flops over again as the "useless" wing fails to; B6 x# s% h8 F1 c3 j! g3 F; _
¡¡¡¡provide any lift, and so on. Few predators fail to pursue such obviously vulnerable prey.7 B9 K6 }* t6 N- E- N3 [. ]
¡¡¡¡Needless to say, each short run between "flight attempts" is directed away from the nest.' r: }9 m4 W* l, t- x
¡¡¡¡10. What does the passage mainly discuss?8 S* n' V, R: N# H
¡¡¡¡(A) The nest-building techniques of
# Z- y& c6 S& F: a0 O/ I" K4 d¡¡¡¡plovers
: G, S; p2 M7 z% T* x# E! }9 ~¡¡¡¡(B) How predators search for plovers4 t+ ` I2 B4 x
¡¡¡¡(C) The strategies used by plovers to
" J+ }9 y5 O Q: P% B! ^3 C¡¡¡¡deceive predators! a- Z: A# r4 |- W7 S' h
¡¡¡¡(D) Why plovers are vulnerable to
o5 ^" G/ }5 ~. r, b' ]9 _¡¡¡¡predators- I: _( E! k) B/ O; H7 f/ b2 Z: V
¡¡¡¡11. The word "merely" in fine 3 is closest in' [, \" }* p: M" L
¡¡¡¡meaning to
; ?* n( W+ r7 d0 s9 q' ~" D2 p! _' e¡¡¡¡(A) often
1 a, G" ?/ A2 D¡¡¡¡(B) only8 h: d5 J) G: l
¡¡¡¡(C) usually
d4 Z& l4 Q0 `1 ~" \. z9 j¡¡¡¡(D) at first
; f) m6 A0 Y- t# j9 s4 B( @) B¡¡¡¡12. Which of the following is mentioned in% v) Z7 M- r/ @8 \& t
¡¡¡¡the passage about plovers?. R, z1 }2 a+ @! u3 B/ i" |
¡¡¡¡(A) Their eggs and chicks are difficult to
- C- q1 Q1 N3 [6 l- n¡¡¡¡find.
: z$ ^; D/ o0 N' e¡¡¡¡(B) They are generally defenseless when5 s% C9 K4 d( G* H
¡¡¡¡away From their nests.0 j/ ?: v+ v5 F: G5 M" z4 e
¡¡¡¡(C) They are slow to react in dangerous
1 l3 ~ [% ^! ] `+ A: s9 S0 Z: U f' ^¡¡¡¡situations.
# F1 e6 q4 I1 t7 s3 |¡¡¡¡(D) Their nests are on the surface of the
! m- B+ x, j" S3 Q¡¡¡¡ground.
# Z4 c# _& a4 e. E; `¡¡¡¡13. The word "emitting" in line 9 is closest
9 \. u& t; M2 n4 U6 F¡¡¡¡in meaning to
" B3 }& Q6 K5 Z$ |9 R¡¡¡¡(A) bringing
. L% Y6 w# B3 U# S% Z- l% u) e¡¡¡¡(B) attracting
# B; {3 {) @: `4 U5 o6 A* {¡¡¡¡(C) producing- B" [# Y1 m7 K) Y5 K+ J; P
¡¡¡¡(D) minimizing& ~5 f7 r% S& L* R
¡¡¡¡14. In the deception technique described
1 a; ]; W4 p& C: t# `5 R) y, L: ~& k¡¡¡¡in paragraph 2. the plover tries to. T! Z' Y$ a# N4 T! A& b
¡¡¡¡(A) stay close to her nest
+ D) o1 j" K$ B" T7 w4 v4 U¡¡¡¡(B) attract the predator's attention( R+ k! z/ k4 C0 `$ q2 F$ Z
¡¡¡¡(C) warn other plovers of danger
' r& s. Q) _7 d/ V¡¡¡¡(D) frighten the approaching predator
! s! m- b1 g- Z7 h) B9 f- t; O¡¡¡¡15. The word "spanning" in line 18 is closest
$ b0 M% `! U: S- v¡¡¡¡in meaning to: @8 k. [; N9 i: q
¡¡¡¡(A) covering6 g$ q+ ^0 M3 B( [
¡¡¡¡(B) selecting: E+ `4 c3 f0 }- z
¡¡¡¡(C) developing7 b( O1 I: j' ^
¡¡¡¡(D) explaining! S4 a' g7 a/ g% a6 \/ z# `) r" `
¡¡¡¡16. According to paragraph 4, which of the% D9 z+ Q5 j/ F+ U2 b
¡¡¡¡following aspects of the plover's% e7 |9 l" I+ v2 M
¡¡¡¡behavior gives the appearance that it is& ^0 Z' Z# l0 e1 O; f
¡¡¡¡frightened?
( ^3 `+ K+ x1 R T8 T¡¡¡¡(A) Abnormal body position
8 Z- [; S' d; i V¡¡¡¡(B) Irregular escape route4 ?1 q! ^$ @9 Q) C
¡¡¡¡(C) Unnatural wing movement l! r C& P0 f+ y) S9 Y. e6 V, U
¡¡¡¡(D) Unusual amount of time away from
7 p) U* e6 ?( t1 W¡¡¡¡the nest; H. i. g# U, ^) p! L8 x
¡¡¡¡17. The word "pursue" in line 24 is closest in
; ^1 ]3 j6 \+ O% Z¡¡¡¡meaning to
+ Z/ b6 F8 o) v) y3 ]( O( ^' G/ R. R¡¡¡¡(A) catch
' W; s, J7 }6 k0 q$ G¡¡¡¡(B) notice7 e u- g; s+ ]7 |% a$ j7 a
¡¡¡¡(C) defend( A5 }" H3 V4 i: b, |6 X/ B
¡¡¡¡(D) chase; w% k8 A* ?8 m) M% l
¡¡¡¡18. According to the passage, a female
4 u! L) ^0 V; Z5 ~¡¡¡¡plover utilizes all of the following
8 ~3 ^- p& b! D# K; v2 c¡¡¡¡deception techniques EXCEPT
/ O. l; d% y0 V5 w¡¡¡¡(A) appearing to be injured7 b( B; u0 ] q, ]
¡¡¡¡(B) sounding like another animal6 G1 d; B Z$ A o8 u! P ]) t7 \- E
¡¡¡¡(C) pretending to search for prey+ l1 _9 R7 J. `2 C) b( p
¡¡¡¡(D) pretending to sit on her eggs1 r% @: q3 I2 @
¡¡¡¡19. Which of the following best describes: L$ R- T$ B2 C( {* W) R
¡¡¡¡the organization of the passage?
7 t& [' h. G7 N& X% N& o¡¡¡¡(A) A description of the sequence of
- d: G0 P/ l% {+ u. P¡¡¡¡steps involved in plovers nest3 Z# j0 m C, Z1 S. g( n
¡¡¡¡building
% Y+ S# e8 k% ~( q1 I3 o¡¡¡¡(B) A generalization about plover% t" J& u& g5 i
¡¡¡¡behavior followed by specific
. z- @# e" x& s¡¡¡¡examples+ C8 Z* r1 E+ |$ j
¡¡¡¡(C) A comparison and contrast of the! @3 A7 F9 J4 B4 K% Q3 f
¡¡¡¡nesting behavior of plovers and& J$ J( _3 K# L l8 A
¡¡¡¡other ground nesting birds
& l. Z S4 ]8 F¡¡¡¡(D) A cause-and-efleet analysis of the& h1 l7 f% X5 o
¡¡¡¡relationship between a prey and a
; S6 t( ], [- L- Z/ _' C¡¡¡¡predator
) N- P" K, a) t+ O* R; S¡¡¡¡Questions 20-28; f# E9 \4 h0 E' d$ i0 a# t# q
¡¡¡¡The interrelationship of science, technology, and industry is taken for granted
. a3 F9 i2 d4 C$ [¡¡¡¡today¡ªsummed up, not altogether accurately, as "research and development." Yet6 Z, @# C, ? \8 W, m4 v
¡¡¡¡historically this widespread faith in the economic virtues of science is a relatively recent
7 Z1 p% \+ o. n/ [( C/ U' D- m¡¡¡¡Line phenomenon, dating back in the United States about 150 years, and in the Western world
! E/ m# }. Y; y, T¡¡¡¡(5) as a whole not over 300 years at most. Even in this current era of large scale, intensive' g; `- ]# u3 w0 ~
¡¡¡¡research and development, the interrelationships involved in this process are frequently
% T' k& y4 b+ W; v¡¡¡¡misunderstood. Until the coming of the Industrial Revolution, science and technology
3 X- N2 h P9 M- c; U6 j¡¡¡¡evolved for the most part independently of each other. Then as industrialization became" i' C/ t) s" [% B3 o9 A
¡¡¡¡increasingly complicated, the craft techniques of preindustrial society gradually gave way
# o8 c& ~9 k8 X2 U" ]9 z¡¡¡¡(10) to a technology based on the systematic application of scientific knowledge and scientific
+ M9 [( W' \+ {: g$ M¡¡¡¡methods. This changeover started slowly and progressed unevenly. Until late in the
- g. v# _- E0 b2 O6 `4 a0 Y( z# c¡¡¡¡nineteenth century, only a few industries could use scientific techniques or cared about
; t j' v* y0 @5 j, N) D; ]¡¡¡¡using them. The list expanded noticeably after 1870, but even then much of what passed; V2 s/ L$ }, x) v1 f Y4 ~
¡¡¡¡for the application of science was "engineering science" rather than basic science.) z" B% s. F; u2 Q
¡¡¡¡(15) Nevertheless, by the middle of the nineteenth century, the rapid expansion of scientific
1 M9 \0 ]& Z0 {2 c: l¡¡¡¡knowledge and of public awareness-if not understanding-of it had created a belief that the
' w! J, A6 H% C- O( j¡¡¡¡advance of science would in some unspecified manner automatically generate economic3 E' ?; a+ f9 w4 Z3 Y+ y
¡¡¡¡benefits. The widespread and usually uncritical acceptance of this thesis led in turn to the
0 T+ d2 B; z6 |¡¡¡¡assumption that the application of science to industrial purposes was a linear process, starting
# d: ]& ^/ K+ n5 ?' h$ y¡¡¡¡(20) with fundamental science, then proceeding to applied science or technology, and through
$ m3 Q$ _. D. J; g* b+ g9 i¡¡¡¡them to industrial use. This is probably the most common pattern, but it is not invariable. New
3 N( z+ W5 N- E) i* a/ F' @8 Z- F¡¡¡¡areas of science have been opened up and fundamental discoveries made as a result of
& R4 W* G) \& N; `¡¡¡¡attempts to solve a specific technical or economic problem. Conversely, scientists who mainly
. y S, \1 b4 |; Z¡¡¡¡do basic research also serve as consultants on projects that apply research in practical ways.# `& d4 |7 ?( R$ h! f' f
¡¡¡¡(25) In sum, the science-technology-industry relationship may flow in several different ways, and
4 I- I6 C6 l; T9 U9 S¡¡¡¡the particular channel it will follow depends on the individual situation. It may at times even& K5 y7 q6 y+ O A( m% [3 K
¡¡¡¡be multidirectional., P7 k- v$ k4 T8 x
¡¡¡¡20. What is the author's main purpose in the4 | h) ]6 O$ h1 a
¡¡¡¡passage?
3 b) K& t9 C: q+ M3 _/ O8 h; ^¡¡¡¡(A) To show how technology influenced& p6 f6 N3 \& p% u6 A
¡¡¡¡basic science- N+ f8 z! [; D# [, [2 r% r
¡¡¡¡(B) To describe the scientific base of I) X' }+ R Y+ x& L+ N% j( A
¡¡¡¡nineteenth-century American4 k5 ~; [% o" L0 L
¡¡¡¡industries+ i, c2 ^1 M, @) s+ O+ w
¡¡¡¡(C) To correct misunderstandings about
2 A6 K" b% _4 L, B) b3 K+ B( Y¡¡¡¡the connections between science,0 ?& `# g4 l% v+ j' `# t
¡¡¡¡technology, and industry
7 i7 t5 I% ?: N5 w3 k5 i B¡¡¡¡(D) To argue that basic science has no" g+ o* _8 S# Z# i
¡¡¡¡practical application
$ h$ e- x. |0 y¡¡¡¡21. The word "altogether" in line 2 is closest1 L4 C' y2 [3 e2 z- ?; F4 B7 k h$ o
¡¡¡¡in meaning to" B7 Z; M1 p; x8 v" a4 R, |
¡¡¡¡(A) completely
0 U: e" V6 U0 }6 Q¡¡¡¡(B) realistically! I# e# P7 }* M, P Q: ~# Z4 k# o
¡¡¡¡(C) individually7 G; t8 H2 b6 r( L
¡¡¡¡(D) understandably& | [2 `, z! c/ E: I
¡¡¡¡22. The word "intensive" in line 5 is closest! }1 n( h2 Z$ A$ r+ w4 v2 M# m: A
¡¡¡¡in meaning to
2 m( C+ x* s! W" D+ o; o# @¡¡¡¡(A) decreased4 ^( Y& S) H3 N0 G7 f, o! g
¡¡¡¡(B) concentrated1 I; G* M6 L v* M; J
¡¡¡¡(C) creative
5 @3 s5 P& T. k; x% S+ x A' W1 s¡¡¡¡(D) advanced
2 d; @/ d. b! {- I, A: X1 j9 v( v¡¡¡¡23. The "list" mentioned in line 13 refers to7 ]+ @2 @: Z. w5 }. U6 z4 @4 ~/ V
¡¡¡¡(A) types of scientific knowledge
5 O- d: B, {1 i- B7 E¡¡¡¡(B) changes brought by technology# C; x7 ]+ R/ W% k9 m" \2 E
¡¡¡¡(C) industries that used scientific
6 H# G! P- E7 x0 z* F) L R( Y¡¡¡¡techniques
' V. e% p! w! \' w6 J¡¡¡¡(D) applications of engineering science1 d1 h8 @0 O" V; L% i* F0 L1 L
¡¡¡¡24. The understanding of research and
/ `4 X' Q0 g5 ~! a¡¡¡¡development in the late nineteenth7 M2 y$ _( A W: J/ D
¡¡¡¡century is based on which of the
8 \8 ~# u1 s4 ^$ Y) O/ ~1 D¡¡¡¡following?
1 @6 `0 L; ~' e0 m& u# F¡¡¡¡(A) Engineering science is not very
# a% _' N" F$ e) T/ e" p¡¡¡¡important.5 L; s7 [ J; k6 W4 e3 ]/ L
¡¡¡¡(B) Fundamental science naturally leads
) @3 g3 V) B }' r¡¡¡¡to economic benefits.
3 [% [" K k/ G) l0 x! z% L3 P¡¡¡¡(C) The relationship between research; o# T# t' K3 O
¡¡¡¡and development should be' X2 C. N7 G5 r# B8 t; V
¡¡¡¡criticized.
. S: B( g% v. V. M3 @4 o M/ ^¡¡¡¡(D) Industrial needs should determine5 {% Q" p# C8 r
¡¡¡¡what areas fundamental science6 {, r9 X# j. U; @
¡¡¡¡focuses on.+ f6 }/ l& x8 a! A4 J8 k
¡¡¡¡25. The word "it" in line 16 refers to
% U, t# C* L7 [$ w: ]9 e¡¡¡¡(A) understanding- M" q! n+ c. l* R9 i& x7 }* _ ?
¡¡¡¡(B) public awareness" Q V" A% T3 H2 |4 h
¡¡¡¡(C) scientific knowledge
4 c0 f9 [; P; c' \% x0 W# S¡¡¡¡(D) expansion ]8 m* F! L* ~# e! }
¡¡¡¡26. The word "assumption" in line 19 is
9 X8 j4 F4 y9 b$ v* m x¡¡¡¡closest in meaning to0 O- \+ N Y# y6 ]5 F1 X" w8 w
¡¡¡¡(A) regulation* Y) Y5 h4 M- q/ q: R4 |3 C# f9 l* D
¡¡¡¡(B) belief% b y6 w( t# S; M2 F
¡¡¡¡(C) contract
; ?0 O& K9 J9 e" w9 a& f5 l¡¡¡¡(D) confusion
7 Y) z; J4 Y. b& |7 L¡¡¡¡27. Why does the author mention6 h5 w; O. l3 Z# h( {
¡¡¡¡"consultants" in line 24 ?
, F7 h' K8 L6 z9 v9 F¡¡¡¡(A) To show how new areas of science) F7 `. j" ]" f7 w3 n5 _" G
¡¡¡¡have given rise to new professions2 b& D+ J, q. M9 f4 r* ^
¡¡¡¡(B) To distinguish between scientists: L) |1 w5 \* L$ x3 ?( ~ O
¡¡¡¡who work in industry and those who7 D1 B$ y6 q' }. M6 V7 ?
¡¡¡¡do not
* G: ~. Y+ ~) q- i1 G¡¡¡¡(C) To explain the ways in which
4 c" H; v1 H! [4 A! j4 q# N¡¡¡¡scientists find financial support for% \' I M# [% t: K
¡¡¡¡their work) t% \3 v' `- c
¡¡¡¡(D) To show how scientists who work in: E2 I8 I! S% C# @' O
¡¡¡¡basic research contribute to applied
$ J" E+ Z6 R! F, h¡¡¡¡science2 {& b+ p; _# r. z$ C9 n
¡¡¡¡28. Which of the following statements does
; f4 k5 v ?$ k. J2 V3 F1 B¡¡¡¡the passage support?8 W0 u: |, ?) r$ M# C# |" C/ k
¡¡¡¡(A) The development of science and of
" C5 y6 [& E2 c) R¡¡¡¡industry is now interdependent.
; x) K) A! B1 i- T+ C# l¡¡¡¡(B) Basic scientific research cannot) C! H t, A; ^6 y- k
¡¡¡¡generate practical applications.: n5 ~& t) g, g8 p/ [% H* L0 g
¡¡¡¡(C) Industries should spend less money
7 C$ S4 m2 X7 p# l0 n6 n¡¡¡¡on research and development.
3 {' m6 a- F! v6 O¡¡¡¡(D) Science and technology are
, |- ~' ]4 X+ O4 N0 t¡¡¡¡becoming more separate.) X" u4 J/ E/ |
¡¡¡¡Questions 29-391 r' R* r! K3 N! t1 d: D
¡¡¡¡The economic depression in the late-nineteenth-century United States contributed
8 C+ G- N4 {* |+ [¡¡¡¡significantly to a growing movement in literature toward realism and naturalism. After the0 I ?1 J7 s5 R' H; n/ p
¡¡¡¡1870' s, a number of important authors began to reject the romanticism that had prevailed' v6 g5 y/ [. n2 S
¡¡¡¡Line immediately following the Civil War of 1861-1865 and turned instead to realism.1 H+ i9 }+ |" }) n, G
¡¡¡¡(5) Determined to portray life as it was, with fidelity to real life and accurate representation
0 P/ \ j4 p4 O/ u+ m6 |( |' O! `! c K( D¡¡¡¡without idealization, they studied local dialects, wrote stories which focused on life in
& L! `0 O+ S* W* D¡¡¡¡specific regions of the country, and emphasized the "true" relationships between people. In
( P3 \, R% _: s7 H7 S¡¡¡¡doing so, they reflected broader trends in the society, such as industrialization,
7 E' e( v/ n2 s+ n8 {3 x: B! q6 F¡¡¡¡evolutionary theory which emphasized the effect of the environment on humans, and the9 w7 u" N3 s+ P& K8 d+ ^0 v3 _5 I
¡¡¡¡(10) influence of science.
0 m* h( L5 Q9 Z3 L, J/ d; v6 v¡¡¡¡Realists such as Joel Chandler Harris and Ellen Glasgow depicted life in the South;# f* a c! w3 j5 w( C, P0 Y
¡¡¡¡Hamlin Garland described life on the Great Plains; and Sarah One Jewett wrote about( i0 X/ n. E R, @2 ~2 Z% V2 m
¡¡¡¡everyday life in rural New England. Another realist, Bret Harte, achieved fame with stories
4 p" {7 R4 c5 U9 _0 q' K¡¡¡¡that portrayed local life in the California mining camps.9 J8 f! {3 M9 x7 m4 r
¡¡¡¡(15) Samuel Clemens, who adopted the pen name Mark Twain, became the country's most
T# w5 |7 w; n& |¡¡¡¡outstanding realist author, observing life around him with a humorous and skeptical eye. In9 x7 |. r; s+ u: B! g+ Q! U+ o
¡¡¡¡his stories and novels, Twain drew on his own experiences and used dialect and common; {4 d, U; R, `+ ^, y% N7 I' u% c
¡¡¡¡speech instead of literary language, touching off a major change in American prose style.
( g5 f9 p; s$ r0 W¡¡¡¡Other writers became impatient even with realism. Pushing evolutionary theory to its- [$ G7 A+ P( P( `( @ p( l7 B/ O; u
¡¡¡¡(20) limits, they wrote of a world in which a cruel and merciless environment determined. Y, E/ b8 V4 z0 E
¡¡¡¡human fate. These writers, called naturalists, often focused on economic hardship,1 q3 R& l5 v) O' G
¡¡¡¡studying people struggling with poverty, and other aspects of urban and industrial life.
- Y/ ]7 L! P3 Z: H+ H0 |; r¡¡¡¡Naturalists brought to their writing a passion for direct and honest experience.) v4 C2 u: U; h$ J! j8 W$ w
¡¡¡¡Theodore Dreiser, the foremost naturalist writer, in novels such as Sister Carrie, grimly
+ Q( J6 c* Y+ f- W w) ^¡¡¡¡(25) portrayed a dark world in which human beings were tossed about by forces beyond their
8 H1 M. U+ V2 L" P% n, k( K9 r¡¡¡¡understanding or control. Dreiser thought that writers should tell the truth about human
! k, `1 p4 d" [¡¡¡¡affairs, not fabricate romance, and Sister Carrie, he said, was "not intended as a piece of
. J7 `3 G2 j; ~ J$ V7 P- h¡¡¡¡literary craftsmanship, but was a picture of conditions."' I0 p4 D2 U1 q, t$ B
¡¡¡¡29. Which aspect of late-nineteenth-century
3 K5 c; {% Y& |1 C6 h2 C¡¡¡¡United States literature does the passage& v5 M! \; N- b/ }& X
¡¡¡¡mainly discuss?# E% k4 }9 h. e. D, K2 L
¡¡¡¡(A) The influence of science on
$ W4 k# T6 I l+ I- z¡¡¡¡literature
5 r# H( ?& ~6 k; R, ~7 A¡¡¡¡(B) The importance of dialects for realist. S: g; v) \/ \
¡¡¡¡writers
0 ^# R8 C) x7 `5 `1 z/ a, w¡¡¡¡(C) The emergence of realism and, y& S5 J+ l( M2 R" {
¡¡¡¡naturalism- S! c" X4 B. n( \! _
¡¡¡¡(D) The effects of industrialization on" V- K s* J; q% r; e8 N9 y
¡¡¡¡romanticism
; x; ]8 n4 D, @9 Z/ t, C¡¡¡¡30. The word "prevailed" in line 3 is closest
# l1 M* n; G: _) Y! o, Z" _8 n¡¡¡¡in meaning to
6 S: b0 B6 B- A- h' W) X¡¡¡¡(A) dominated
# ?# E; q0 J7 r+ j/ \¡¡¡¡(B) transformed6 D0 R4 e9 W$ m% j1 D3 V
¡¡¡¡(C) entered
. ?9 @% S% l& R8 k0 C+ ?/ G& _, D¡¡¡¡(D) generalized
0 n5 k. g# E1 k2 g: L¡¡¡¡31. The word "they" in line 8 refers to
3 t7 j' O J' w( I8 E0 v¡¡¡¡(A) authors
' Z8 R0 L& {/ K6 ?¡¡¡¡(B) dialects
6 b( n s& T4 v5 t$ T¡¡¡¡(C) stories5 ~* ]8 S( G5 p4 h. V) u( Q& R
¡¡¡¡(D) relationships2 T9 Z5 X7 f! @7 _) B y
¡¡¡¡32. According to the passage, a highly
( C! Q8 Y9 e M" D1 l$ w¡¡¡¡significant factor in the development of) X/ ~4 J/ |5 i+ r3 K
¡¡¡¡realist and naturalist literature was
9 O9 u& `% V4 s" G$ f9 v1 r' ~¡¡¡¡(A) the Civil War
+ O4 v n- d! i! }# b¡¡¡¡(B) a recognition that romanticism was3 Y0 C- Z1 |. |: T2 Z! d+ ~' {
¡¡¡¡unpopular
( g( \0 U" Z1 h1 f¡¡¡¡(C) an increased interest in the study of/ L. F+ l8 A4 X8 _0 ~& t6 t5 h
¡¡¡¡common speech
! ]" B4 Q' S3 }3 E8 [. ~/ x¡¡¡¡(D) an economic depression/ a" ]* L1 }( ?0 x/ s: \
¡¡¡¡33. Realist writers took an interest in all of, d3 i; q5 Q# c8 R7 ^
¡¡¡¡the following EXCEPT5 {1 v* |" l8 ^6 d2 T/ z
¡¡¡¡(A) human relationships
' O* Z, I4 | G¡¡¡¡(B) characteristics of different regions8 k1 |7 v0 ]2 K" @3 u
¡¡¡¡(C) the idealization of life
" ~7 F3 Q: o) e0 t9 w! h( x¡¡¡¡(D) social and historical theories1 l1 T0 \7 e( ?+ ]: C- D% g
¡¡¡¡34. The word "depicted" in line 11 is closest. ]! f3 Y$ Z# E
¡¡¡¡in meaning to& p. P: L6 y9 r" Z/ j2 h
¡¡¡¡(A) emphasized+ e* s* p4 |$ Q" ?0 Y
¡¡¡¡(B) described' u: n% T; M% v2 ]9 x& w' [* \
¡¡¡¡(C) criticized
6 W. C7 ~6 U6 t8 w1 A¡¡¡¡(D) classified/ h& U$ q- M/ b" a
¡¡¡¡35. Why does the author mention mining
5 s% t" g2 H% j¡¡¡¡camps in line 14 ?
+ K- r0 q1 `2 t+ t8 f5 o* _% O¡¡¡¡(A) To contrast the themes of realist and& z4 Z' {. D& i3 M9 i; {& @+ U5 s
¡¡¡¡naturalist writers
5 Z- l* C( y* v4 ~3 r¡¡¡¡(B) To illustrate how Bret Harte differed. U6 E; J/ { d! p
¡¡¡¡from other authors" C# g( v0 ?$ l+ L
¡¡¡¡(C) As an example of a topic taken up
& {' x$ Y+ c* Z# ^¡¡¡¡by realist writers
: o- e( ]9 Q2 }# j¡¡¡¡(D) As an example of how setting can
( G' V; X+ f& [5 }8 m¡¡¡¡influence literary style
. k+ x8 Z5 v* l! Y- _ [¡¡¡¡36. Which of the following wrote about life3 y' L9 C2 W4 G7 t% y
¡¡¡¡in rural New England?
/ n! p+ Z e# k: l' p( j¡¡¡¡(A) Ellen Glasgow/ v3 _. U2 R4 n3 D8 {$ ^
¡¡¡¡(B) Sarah Orne Jewett. L) S7 B! I- O) O7 T1 l
¡¡¡¡(C) Hamlin Garland
Q0 B, {# a0 F# J¡¡¡¡(D) Mark Twain
( e/ n N9 w$ E+ ?, _¡¡¡¡37. Mark Twain is considered an important, Q* ^$ t* _' ^3 a1 u! K8 p' w9 C
¡¡¡¡literary figure because he
' k0 M3 Q8 o- r¡¡¡¡(A) was the first realist writer in the0 G9 v. L% D+ D
¡¡¡¡United States- g& ?9 G. U, S* P' U1 {, p4 u% O
¡¡¡¡(B) rejected romanticism as a literary: E- u2 S! Z; O! S2 _( P
¡¡¡¡approach: z9 q( ~) {5 x+ ] t" i& n3 f2 s
¡¡¡¡(C) wrote humorous stories and novels
5 W% A! i; q& ]# ^¡¡¡¡(D) influenced American prose style
5 |" G+ H6 ^- ] C1 j- ~/ O; l¡¡¡¡through his use of common speech
$ S$ S$ i: y6 z6 T+ O$ r& @! b¡¡¡¡38. The word "foremost" in line 24 is closest# s+ e- [# s; P8 e- ?9 V
¡¡¡¡in meaning to% }4 w" s( F7 a/ E% I. f. n# x
¡¡¡¡(A) most difficult7 _9 u: R7 D7 V4 U; z' ?
¡¡¡¡(B) interesting/ n1 U5 K- N, Y' p
¡¡¡¡(C) most focused0 N: D0 V1 [4 p# `
¡¡¡¡(D) leading
8 a/ O6 x' F8 a$ s- w) p- O1 i¡¡¡¡39. Which of the following statements
1 V) ?9 a# i A- q¡¡¡¡about Theodore Dreiser is supported by+ P* l" l1 b8 o; y1 G) p& r4 T, M3 m5 @
¡¡¡¡the passage?* }$ p9 [6 s6 \6 w6 c
¡¡¡¡(A) He mainly wrote about historical
r1 V$ e3 A8 }! n' G¡¡¡¡subjects such as the Civil War.
/ x) y) t r8 w* A0 O¡¡¡¡(B) His novels often contained elements
% Y2 Y! ` I+ W j( L% ^, Z- @¡¡¡¡of humor., I$ D/ y: [; r' `. o. ~4 a) o
¡¡¡¡(C) He viewed himself more as a social
& i4 \; e8 c0 H9 z# T¡¡¡¡commentator than as a literary artist.
q1 y* u8 ]! G: l2 W+ {; N5 K¡¡¡¡(D) He believed writers should. Q2 \9 S' J0 r- _
¡¡¡¡emphasize the positive aspects of
6 B. u0 o! W( F¡¡¡¡life.
2 T0 k% M( e2 N- h7 y8 H¡¡¡¡Questions 40-50# {$ v& x4 d8 ]8 S
¡¡¡¡In 1900 the United States had only three cities with more than a million residents-4 T1 u9 E; g) z2 M
¡¡¡¡New York, Chicago, and Philadelphia. By 1930, it had ten giant metropolises. The newer5 [) Y& ?$ B8 \5 v' K
¡¡¡¡ones experienced remarkable growth, which reflected basic changes in the economy.
+ K W2 q+ U& s1 |¡¡¡¡Line The population of Los Angeles (114,000 in 1900) rose spectacularly in the early
0 U$ W# Q8 N+ r! p1 `¡¡¡¡(5) decades of the twentieth century, increasing a dramatic 1,400 percent from 1900 to 1930.1 e0 U2 r F0 O$ y
¡¡¡¡A number of circumstances contributed to the meteoric rise of Los Angeles. The; z' k: y7 `$ A4 e: w- p' @9 L
¡¡¡¡agricultural potential of the area was enormous if water for irrigation could be found, and
% @) Q4 _3 e& f, C q9 _¡¡¡¡the city founders had the vision and dating to obtain it by constructing a 225-mile: r! z. i' W( }3 h. i9 e
¡¡¡¡aqueduct, completed in 1913, to tap the water of the Owens River. The city had a superb
' ?6 M5 T* v" o, ~- `; \¡¡¡¡(10) natural harbor, as well as excellent rail connections. The climate made it possible to shoot- ~9 S& b9 L" d% h1 i/ P2 i0 F
¡¡¡¡motion pictures year-round; hence Hollywood. Hollywood not only supplied jobs; it
8 |2 O V5 j6 m4 k5 C& s¡¡¡¡disseminated an image of the good life in Southern California on screens all across the
. e3 t/ a$ C, ^¡¡¡¡nation. The most important single industry powering the growth of Los Angeles, however,, n( t" j$ h2 k
¡¡¡¡was directly linked to the automobile. The demand for petroleum to fuel gasoline engines
3 Y& f7 f" ~9 J& @¡¡¡¡(15) led to the opening of the Southern California oil fields, and made Los Angeles North7 e9 v+ ?) p+ \
¡¡¡¡America's greatest refining center.
1 D" f! u3 H0 }* C# D" z¡¡¡¡Los Angeles was a product of the auto age in another sense as well: its distinctive
2 u: _4 r% x; l* ]1 v' q. z, S. L4 ~¡¡¡¡spatial organization depended on widespread private ownership of automobiles. Los
- V3 \3 M8 b! ]: H) @¡¡¡¡Angeles was a decentralized metropolis, sprawling across the desert landscape over an
8 _* {" d' f) \( n2 A# y B& I& G¡¡¡¡(20) area of 400 square miles. It was a city without a real center. The downtown business
, G; ]+ ^0 J3 u¡¡¡¡district did not grow apace with the city as a whole, and the rapid transit system designed
3 }" B* U% Z$ I; V1 j( G¡¡¡¡to link the center with outlying areas withered away from disuse. Approximately 800,000( y( H# G x A* K" j) L! b
¡¡¡¡cars were registered in Los Angeles County in 1930, one per 2.7 residents. Some visitors, L. K4 `1 b H# C4 p& J: ~( ^2 b; s
¡¡¡¡from the east coast were dismayed at the endless urban sprawl and dismissed Los! Q2 E! W' h7 v+ U" T# J6 e
¡¡¡¡(25) Angeles as a mere collection of suburbs in search of a city. But the freedom and mobility
0 [7 M5 T5 A- x3 C¡¡¡¡of a city built on wheels attracted floods of migrants to the city.
) }$ G1 H* E8 C" a4 R( b- ]¡¡¡¡40. What is the passage mainly about?
5 Z! T* q- u: C/ n, V/ S H¡¡¡¡(A) The growth of cities in the United/ |* i$ c0 F7 K- y2 _
¡¡¡¡States in the early 1900's
1 q$ d4 I+ t- b4 G% I* h¡¡¡¡(B) The development of the Southern
\' L4 }: H5 y; n3 X3 F( x¡¡¡¡California oil fields' i, l* ~* {7 p8 I
¡¡¡¡(C) Factors contributing to the growth of+ }) M8 U, a0 l3 L
¡¡¡¡Los Angeles
8 e4 v) T i: d) ?$ U¡¡¡¡(D) Industry and city planning in Los
; M( [7 |: I3 P% a( y9 w- l; u¡¡¡¡Angeles
/ T: E8 \' K! V9 f1 L+ ^3 b¡¡¡¡41. The author characterizes the growth of0 f( `: _- e1 W g) I
¡¡¡¡new large cities in the United States after" I$ e$ s* T+ _9 V6 k2 K' G
¡¡¡¡1900 as resulting primarily from$ i% H) S6 x6 K" d4 t: L K
¡¡¡¡(A) new economic conditions0 G; ?" p& N7 O# h( @
¡¡¡¡(B) images of cities shown in movies
' W0 T7 F; y8 g8 L X. y- r¡¡¡¡(C) new agricultural techniques
! F$ E6 a v( U2 j; X: w¡¡¡¡(D) a large migrant population
( o4 i7 p) E8 w+ w¡¡¡¡42. The word "meteoric" in line 6 is closest- m3 N: {. H1 H. B
¡¡¡¡in meaning to5 A2 [6 v* w4 q' n& W* L
¡¡¡¡(A) rapid: Q3 M _) \, P2 Y E# @/ }
¡¡¡¡(B) famous3 |1 u% u3 F5 z, W2 f9 P
¡¡¡¡(C) controversial
" c5 a, o+ X& s# w( r¡¡¡¡(D) methodical
6 x) b" D# t* m5 w5 X¡¡¡¡43. The word "it" in line 8 refers to
/ I% e" C1 z- G% \7 I8 M¡¡¡¡(A) aqueduct
( G& d% n/ N. E7 |+ D1 r6 m2 I¡¡¡¡(B) vision
" B4 Q- P, S$ e2 E) B% E¡¡¡¡(C) water
& [" ?. H+ J! w! ?8 p j, B& R¡¡¡¡(D) agricultural potential8 e& D1 r1 w2 R% G+ r2 q
¡¡¡¡44. According to the passage, the most/ T" ?/ L/ f! j) X. l# |
¡¡¡¡important factor in the development of8 W2 |2 i/ A1 P ?4 y' c
¡¡¡¡agriculture around Los Angeles was the
: g. x6 ^2 c. S$ @( Y2 H( ^¡¡¡¡(A) influx of "new residents to; W+ H: l1 v" J8 A% B, Q
¡¡¡¡agricultural areas near the city
8 R6 C) D! E( H& Y3 u* p/ i¡¡¡¡(B) construction of an aqueduct- i. }* V3 F$ a; j
¡¡¡¡(C) expansion of transportation facilities, x$ B3 \9 q4 e* A1 U" T2 x
¡¡¡¡(D) development of new connections to
9 M( N; y# x+ L/ U- A) m¡¡¡¡the city's natural harbor/ _( s. \9 n- Z: P3 f& t" u8 O' e
¡¡¡¡45. According to the passage, the initial9 N; Y/ L* t }4 ? }: _; q
¡¡¡¡success of Hollywood' s motion picture
1 n1 z% t1 j& h5 j8 r¡¡¡¡industry was due largely to the' }# A1 N% y2 M5 i
¡¡¡¡(A) availability of many skilled workers" \, W3 d8 ~4 N# v! q) ?7 `
¡¡¡¡(B) beauty of the countryside
' P* ?% n8 R- v$ i" |¡¡¡¡(C) region's reputation for luxurious+ P( T2 Q; y# H( \- `( I4 }
¡¡¡¡lifestyles
+ T0 r' l! e9 ~* d# n) u7 Y¡¡¡¡(D) region's climate and good weather" l0 c! h" s5 Q6 P4 L
¡¡¡¡46. It can be inferred from the passage that in. d5 |6 g) l. z) N+ w
¡¡¡¡1930 the greatest number of people in
: n. C! {; }3 m0 z) j+ R¡¡¡¡the Los Angeles area were employed in6 w0 \9 p; J' ?; |1 o6 R
¡¡¡¡(A) farming" T: n7 X$ w* O" A" B, \" k
¡¡¡¡(B) oil refining6 d/ s9 f" _- s
¡¡¡¡(C) automobile manufacturing
* T6 q. z" K% _$ o¡¡¡¡(D) the motion picture industry8 p1 T/ B/ G& x) O- s0 h
¡¡¡¡47. According to the passage, the Southern
7 T8 S$ E4 u! B3 {2 ~# M4 H¡¡¡¡California oil fields were initially) k! r1 K. g' @9 _ Z
¡¡¡¡exploited due to
, ]: G% P# U/ d/ _! q" B( d¡¡¡¡(A) the fuel requirements of Los
( i+ H$ v( \0 j3 N$ R! S¡¡¡¡Angeles' rail system
4 X( H' b) m2 L6 G¡¡¡¡(B) an increase in the use of gasoline
W! C: o8 H: A+ ^5 j¡¡¡¡engines in North America
6 o! @0 `( w' B1 D6 E. y¡¡¡¡(C) a desire to put unproductive desert
6 U& U$ p$ V# ?! w; ]* D* g" g¡¡¡¡land to good use
1 N5 U; o7 b: s: i. j: i¡¡¡¡(D) innovative planning on the part of8 J6 [; `: M v" x1 D+ q' d) N
¡¡¡¡the city founders
7 V, X( R1 _* x4 q+ P- r¡¡¡¡48. The phrase "apace with" in line 21 is
* \' W* q: m# E9 F/ v( r' \¡¡¡¡closest in meaning to
& p# M9 `3 L# d2 F¡¡¡¡(A) anew with
+ w% t0 {1 ~& }' S¡¡¡¡(B) apart from( K0 l; }7 u8 C" c! p- S) Y
¡¡¡¡(C) as fast as) B' C6 j! \8 Q- ?; M; O0 h
¡¡¡¡(D) at the middle of
9 U* l6 z8 K9 ]+ {¡¡¡¡49. It can be inferred from the passage that
, z+ `8 H2 _" A3 d¡¡¡¡the spatial organization of Los Angeles) o% N$ G; }0 Z5 ]$ J# w
¡¡¡¡contributed to the relative decline there
g4 o. |! w! W8 V' k, l¡¡¡¡of
3 u* \# t, W1 O! y j. ? Q¡¡¡¡(A) public transportation
$ s; X0 z8 p7 \& K1 h# f¡¡¡¡(B) industrial areas
, j: F) m! D0 S3 c¡¡¡¡(C) suburban neighborhoods! L( ^9 ^+ J) w3 O) W% o
¡¡¡¡(D) oil fields% O. X! D4 s9 R" K- J
¡¡¡¡50. The visitors from the east coast
1 i2 G8 ^ Z. q9 M9 i$ j7 M¡¡¡¡mentioned in the passage thought that% G9 Q& F6 D; k. Z, F
¡¡¡¡Los Angeles4 U+ Q4 X6 O. W' q @/ _
¡¡¡¡(A) was not accurately portrayed by
3 z9 G$ u$ d8 H5 A1 ?4 i. B% y¡¡¡¡Hollywood images$ l) K+ x2 J+ ^3 X; o8 F
¡¡¡¡(B) lacked good suburban areas in which& J3 F, ~$ }& o6 h( \
¡¡¡¡to live
- F# C0 B1 n. [. x/ Y¡¡¡¡(C) had an excessively large population! {6 O8 s6 e0 S/ e2 Y$ Q3 m* |: b( W
¡¡¡¡(D) was not really a single city |
|