历年托福考试语法真题全面解析51

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11. Hot objects emit --- do cold objects.
(A) rays more than infrared
* h$ |, k$ O% ^) ?(B) rays are more infrared than
! ~8 K/ j) y- J6 p2 w(C) more than infrared rays
# l6 E: e) _# M5 ~3 A$ C9 P(D) more infrared rays than
  
0 S7 f* W2 ^+ \答案：D
测试点：词序／比较句式.
" ?: o8 }* x" @9 ?: U- A3 o分析：(D)是正确的比较级句型．空格后的助动词do原应放在句尾，即Hot objects emit more infrared rays than cold objects do．但朗读起来为了避免头重脚轻的语感，单独一个do(does,did)通常都前移至较长的主语前.
  
  [2 x9 `8 ]. n12. An Olympic marathon is 26 miles and 385 yards, approximately --- from Marathon to Athens.
4 k# y1 v% B2 T, u7 g/ r4 t- O(A) the distance is
& j+ J5 ?* U" g9 M, D2 ^(B) that the distance is
) w2 t- ^8 x( ?5 t8 m" E(C) is that the distance
(D) the distance
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0 P' H0 U* K9 V) ~& h1 e0 l2 e( X6 R答案：D
测试点：省略句。
0 [) r! h8 ^  \8 ?& ]6 y% W分析：Approximately the distance from Marathon to Athens为名词短语，补充说明整个句子，相当于省略了which is的定语从句．(A)缺少连词，(B)连接词that在此句中无所指代，且位置不对，(C)结构错误.
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13. Although --- rigid, bones exhibit a degree of elasticity that enables the skeleton to withstand considerable impact.
(A) apparently
(B) are apparently
( w; `  l3 o1 B+ F% B1 N" a# c$ p(C) apparently their
(D) are they apparently
- |8 T+ v/ J/ d& r3 F  
- w( j7 [# Y% Y7 G答案：A
$ v5 P$ r3 P6 `/ y! G. T测试点：省略句.
分析：although引导的让步状语从句如果是主系表结构，可省略主语及系词．即：Although(they are)apparently rigid.
  
8 [5 E2 f( S- @: D14. One of the oldest types of aesthetic theory is that of formism, --- .
(A) reference to the imitation theory is popular
(B) the imitation theory is popularly referred to
& F  u4 B1 p; `0 u: i(C) is the reference to the popular imitation theory
(D) popularly referred to as the imitation theory
% d$ h7 }7 v7 Z: t# `& f/ l2 h  
答案：D
测试点；分词短语作后置定语。
$ G+ z/ D$ n# y& `分析：空格前为完整的句子，句尾为名词，所缺可能是同位语或后置定语．应在答案中选择名词词组或分词短语．(D)是分词短语.
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15. A panda’s primary activity is sleep, --- its waking hours looking for food.
' @6 P0 F$ [) ^* @(A) that it spends
(B) for spending
: V5 S4 b# C* ]+ y, D(C) and it spends
(D) will spend
  
# Y% h# r8 G7 j8 v" n( W0 R: s: l答案：C
! j! [4 z* q3 t$ v测试点：连词／主谓结构.
分析：逗号前为一完整句子，逗号后为另一句子，中间应用and连接(C)为and+主谓结构.