历年托福考试语法真题全面解析51

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11. Hot objects emit --- do cold objects.
6 A; E2 ]3 c) D  u. {$ D# o(A) rays more than infrared
0 y/ _5 b$ z( ^$ G. t(B) rays are more infrared than
, J" |6 e6 C0 x( t! R(C) more than infrared rays
4 v6 [9 t9 X# r4 u% k% B(D) more infrared rays than
  
答案：D
4 o" O+ s' P% s/ q测试点：词序／比较句式.
  M/ {3 _% a! A0 I# b  ^分析：(D)是正确的比较级句型．空格后的助动词do原应放在句尾，即Hot objects emit more infrared rays than cold objects do．但朗读起来为了避免头重脚轻的语感，单独一个do(does,did)通常都前移至较长的主语前.
  
) K) [$ q) k0 w8 h12. An Olympic marathon is 26 miles and 385 yards, approximately --- from Marathon to Athens.
5 n/ D/ Z/ d; e' n: D, c(A) the distance is
9 x4 X2 e6 O, i1 i. }5 O+ i& O2 B' G(B) that the distance is
3 @8 u( \& ^# \& B(C) is that the distance
. E  f; c/ ]5 R8 |. M(D) the distance
  
答案：D
- [; |9 g* h+ v, e& D测试点：省略句。
分析：Approximately the distance from Marathon to Athens为名词短语，补充说明整个句子，相当于省略了which is的定语从句．(A)缺少连词，(B)连接词that在此句中无所指代，且位置不对，(C)结构错误.
  
13. Although --- rigid, bones exhibit a degree of elasticity that enables the skeleton to withstand considerable impact.
(A) apparently
(B) are apparently
(C) apparently their
(D) are they apparently
& P/ I0 |) P/ y  
$ _6 x3 G6 x. }5 n% J: _5 ]答案：A
测试点：省略句.
! `  t5 ~4 f  b* D% o3 K; x分析：although引导的让步状语从句如果是主系表结构，可省略主语及系词．即：Although(they are)apparently rigid.
: L, A0 F! p7 b) w1 Q3 q# S! |. w  
14. One of the oldest types of aesthetic theory is that of formism, --- .
. Y! U: T' O. s) R% ?' h) {(A) reference to the imitation theory is popular
2 Z' e' K$ U$ E3 ]; y( b( \) g(B) the imitation theory is popularly referred to
8 m& Z" o  i) `2 ]$ a7 m# V' U- Y(C) is the reference to the popular imitation theory
(D) popularly referred to as the imitation theory
0 G, l+ o8 j! R9 ^+ i  
答案：D
测试点；分词短语作后置定语。
分析：空格前为完整的句子，句尾为名词，所缺可能是同位语或后置定语．应在答案中选择名词词组或分词短语．(D)是分词短语.
  
7 G2 M, b5 F0 \6 X' H$ M, l* ]15. A panda’s primary activity is sleep, --- its waking hours looking for food.
+ b9 E5 m# Z5 T! k(A) that it spends
+ W3 ]# X4 _. |(B) for spending
9 }8 B- V+ w. B- j2 e; X  h" R# ~(C) and it spends
  w& N  D: C/ O8 b(D) will spend
8 U/ u$ c% [5 ?/ }6 S8 A( W  
答案：C
测试点：连词／主谓结构.
分析：逗号前为一完整句子，逗号后为另一句子，中间应用and连接(C)为and+主谓结构.