独立主格结构是一种复合结构,在句中作状语。独立主格结构中,名词或代词同其后的分词、不定式、形容词、副词、介词短语等在逻辑上有主谓关系。 # ~& x# ]; [" q4 k
(1)名词/代词+分词: v# M5 Z! j% h2 A' V
It being Sunday,you needn’t go to work.
: V" @' N; X' V% r p" e8 Q1 A This done,he locked the door and went home.
( D# C" y( F3 d5 M (2)名词/代词+不定式: 1 U/ j v* L5 u$ x" ~4 ~% S0 n
I send you today three-fourths of the sum,the rest to follow within a month.
/ ^4 p% u+ m$ T# _) A" w9 m- z The children were watching the magic trick,their eyes wide open. 1 ]% P/ g2 {6 g, F$ W. v
(4)名词/代词+副词:
, }0 t; O8 d/ ?" `& b8 s( d+ w School over,the students ran out of the class. 2 Y/ b3 |3 I/ q4 f- n" d
We came out of the classroom,hand in hand.。 : B& n+ n* H' q+ D' y
(1)时间状语: 1 ^! I5 l" }$ V% y+ r/ |
All the members having arrived,the meeting was declared open.
) G5 o& r' f y, D/ r The report having been read, a lively discussion began. 4 c; w4 b/ U ?1 w, b4 \+ x$ E0 f Z
With a lot problem solved,the manage left the office.
1 U; V1 O3 U' o% S$ V (2)原因状语: 2 R6 K. y8 L% Q
There being no bus.we had to walk home. 7 }# w |2 b+ F o
so many people being absent,the meeting had to be called off.
8 s' F# B. v( t7 {* ~ The murderer was brought in,with his hands tied behind his back. . Z' @3 J8 ^+ p/ t
He sat in front row,his mouth open,his head thrust forward so as to miss any word. 1 K. |1 c0 v2 f
(4)方式、伴随状语: . b9 F1 U) |4 R( ^! S3 ]
With the tree growing tall,we got more shade. * d( I, B7 N# k. n* j( d3 Z
The murder was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back. 1 X$ F/ b: q& ~$ e$ ^
He sat in front row,his mouth half open, his head thrust forward so not to miss any word.
. z7 D$ L' S. S* ~4 Z (5)对比, 补充说明:
0 u3 v5 b4 U2 T$ o: r We went shopping,he reading in the bed.
1 J. `! s o1 s" Y! Y! ~7 P We a11 went home, he remaining behind. ) X% O# d7 K# U) w' o: V7 s
The two boys gathered their gear and headed for home, stomachs crying fro food, backs burning from too much sun, and legs stiffening from sitting. |