独立主格结构是一种复合结构,在句中作状语。独立主格结构中,名词或代词同其后的分词、不定式、形容词、副词、介词短语等在逻辑上有主谓关系。 5 l' I( {2 ~; n2 {) y9 g
(1)名词/代词+分词: ) S* B! X. V: M- y/ }9 z3 W
It being Sunday,you needn’t go to work.
( }8 p7 l9 I) B9 A0 I$ [7 y This done,he locked the door and went home.
- k' z3 U3 `8 k! A' s (2)名词/代词+不定式: ; q2 n* ~0 G" C: i2 m. ]$ A
I send you today three-fourths of the sum,the rest to follow within a month.
% x+ u3 O- O( w0 F5 y* } The children were watching the magic trick,their eyes wide open.
3 ` j3 c0 |; J; C (4)名词/代词+副词: 3 O1 |, z( [/ u* L
School over,the students ran out of the class.
+ ]5 e `6 W) P9 g; R' s We came out of the classroom,hand in hand.。 6 G. _, X+ k6 H$ ?2 o0 m& d
(1)时间状语:
& X4 P7 J/ Y8 F1 ?8 E5 p6 P$ D5 p All the members having arrived,the meeting was declared open. ( v. i* o; [7 W0 f2 j
The report having been read, a lively discussion began. " g$ L, Q) R- ?' t) ?5 }9 d6 r
With a lot problem solved,the manage left the office.
% q! n ~- t+ d0 B+ j. M; J3 ]2 F (2)原因状语: 1 f# Y0 |# |$ y5 H5 T
There being no bus.we had to walk home.
( M* X! Z% b( k2 d so many people being absent,the meeting had to be called off. 1 Z+ D0 y5 R0 P) A9 G
The murderer was brought in,with his hands tied behind his back.
+ S/ M% V" m( i% @! K7 s He sat in front row,his mouth open,his head thrust forward so as to miss any word. * Q! p4 k& V9 R$ W
(4)方式、伴随状语: & x5 E# C8 Y& x9 [, n/ e9 E1 M
With the tree growing tall,we got more shade.
/ v7 x8 y, Q2 H2 p6 O The murder was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back. ) |; O- V0 F1 S2 |& v
He sat in front row,his mouth half open, his head thrust forward so not to miss any word.
. L1 A! [4 x2 n (5)对比, 补充说明: 5 d2 @8 ^. `" P! ^- e% J
We went shopping,he reading in the bed.
# l3 f6 q, Y+ z We a11 went home, he remaining behind. + r o a$ q @ b1 M! `
The two boys gathered their gear and headed for home, stomachs crying fro food, backs burning from too much sun, and legs stiffening from sitting. |