托福语法指导－动词不定式及动名词要点解析

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　　动词不定式和动名词在TOEEL测试中不算活跃的考题，但出题频率比较稳定，即不频繁，亦无间断。命题焦占主要集中在动词不定式和动名词的基本功能及正确形式，即（1）不定式to后面接原形动词，（2）动名词具有动词和名词两重功能，介词后面的动词必须以动名词形式出现。不定式和动名词常考题型
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　　1. 不定型工to后面接原形动词来源：考试大

　　全真例题分析
; t" f5 P0 D/ b2 N7 k% E0 g(1) Astronauts circling the Earth may get to seen sixteen sunrises and sixteen sunsets every day. (93.8)
[答案] C 动词不定型式的标志to后面应接动词原形see。来源：考试大

* ^% b& M8 z* V# _5 [3 `# g(2) Using their bills as needles, tailorbirds sew large leaves together with plant fiber to forming their nests. (90.10)
[答案] D to forming应改为to form正确的不定式形式。
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(3) The poetry of e.e cummings illustrates the way in which some poets bend graminastical rules as they strive to expression their insights. (91.10)
[答案] D动词不定式to后面只能接原形动词，不能接名词。来源：考试大

(4) The dromedary camel is raised especially to racing. (91.1)
[答案] D这是一个非常简单的动词不定式错误形式的考题。Recing应改为race,与to组成不定式。
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　　2. 动词不定式作目的状语来源：考试大

　　解题要点 不定式结构在句中可以作多种成分，目的状语则是TOEEL常考到的形式。动词不定型式作目的状语的命题主要分布在structure (1－15题）中。
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　　全真例题分析来源：考试大
(1) A fuel is a substance used ------- light, heat .or energy .
4 w( n+ R4 |4 A) \(A) generating
(B) generates来源：考试大
" W( ^  ^8 ^$ R- V5 o# V(C) to generate
' U) h% [2 k% t/ ^(D) it is generating
[答案] C 根据句意及结构，此句固选择动词不定式作目的状语。
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+ d3 @' f0 @3 P0 l0 u(2) ------ stereophonic phonograph records, two recordings are made of the same musical performance.
! F* m1 q; a. d0 Q3 i& e(A) Creates来源：考试大
(B) Created
% n' d& Y" M3 i* h; w/ e/ v(C) The creating of
% x+ y% O& p2 L, B$ N+ r- G(D) To create (92.10)来源：考试大
2 c  ]6 c; W# a. d! `" L; A[答案] D 这是典型的不定式作目的状语的句子。目的状语放在句首是表示强调。

(3) ------- time and labor, cartoonists generally draw the hands of their characters with only three fingers and a thumb.
(A) Saved来源：考试大
: q/ A$ J% a; V+ N) o& g% \0 }(B) Saves
! B- {; v3 J  s# n. O(C) To save
(D) The saving (91.5)
6 {" k& A8 R+ O' Z, z[答案] C 此句与上面例题结构相同。不定式作目的状语，且放在句首表示强调。
　
　　3. 动名词的正确用法来源：考试大

　　解题要点 有关名词的考题并不很多，但有一个常出现的题型；介词后面的动词一定要用动名词形式，作介词的宾语。
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( u6 B+ ~- H4 Q# k3 E　　全真例题分析来源：考试大
(1) Microwave cooking can be accureately described as the first absolutely new method of prepare food since the discovery of fire (94.1)
[答案] C 介词of后面应接动名词形式，即of preparing。来源：考试大
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. b# U6 [- g6 G- t! T- z6 f(2) Most crickets have two pairs of fally developed wings, and mascular hind legs for iump. (94.1)
; X7 n: H* L2 R4 {[答案] D 动名原形jamp位于介词for后面，故应改为动句词jamping。

- I7 Y% d5 B0 b+ ~% l: F0 M(3) Because it is a healthful way to exercise derobic dancing is considered an excellent method for release tension. (93.1)
[答案] D 动名词原形release位于介词for后面，故应改为动名词releasing。
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(4) The Cubist movement in art was reaction against traditional methods of portray reality. (90.5)
. N; ?2 ]% P3 S+ i- ~$ x1 c4 D[答案] C 动词原形portray应改为动名词portraying即作前面介词of的宾语，自身又带宾语reality。