托福语法指导－动词不定式及动名词要点解析

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　　动词不定式和动名词在TOEEL测试中不算活跃的考题，但出题频率比较稳定，即不频繁，亦无间断。命题焦占主要集中在动词不定式和动名词的基本功能及正确形式，即（1）不定式to后面接原形动词，（2）动名词具有动词和名词两重功能，介词后面的动词必须以动名词形式出现。不定式和动名词常考题型

$ p$ K, T5 O/ H$ X　　1. 不定型工to后面接原形动词来源：考试大

　　全真例题分析
, B4 p5 U6 M3 F0 h(1) Astronauts circling the Earth may get to seen sixteen sunrises and sixteen sunsets every day. (93.8)
0 }1 a+ {$ Z9 a[答案] C 动词不定型式的标志to后面应接动词原形see。来源：考试大
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(2) Using their bills as needles, tailorbirds sew large leaves together with plant fiber to forming their nests. (90.10)
[答案] D to forming应改为to form正确的不定式形式。

(3) The poetry of e.e cummings illustrates the way in which some poets bend graminastical rules as they strive to expression their insights. (91.10)
6 |" b' O' R2 O. |9 E+ v. c  i3 i7 d3 r[答案] D动词不定式to后面只能接原形动词，不能接名词。来源：考试大

(4) The dromedary camel is raised especially to racing. (91.1)
) ^. P' ~4 q- O[答案] D这是一个非常简单的动词不定式错误形式的考题。Recing应改为race,与to组成不定式。
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1 N9 I3 o# N( e　　2. 动词不定式作目的状语来源：考试大
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　　解题要点 不定式结构在句中可以作多种成分，目的状语则是TOEEL常考到的形式。动词不定型式作目的状语的命题主要分布在structure (1－15题）中。

6 E$ w3 |  I2 D0 J" \6 R, o　　全真例题分析来源：考试大
$ H, _5 Q+ O% ^6 a(1) A fuel is a substance used ------- light, heat .or energy .
; a  |! H& w! |* t# p(A) generating
0 L: A& M8 E1 A6 C1 f# h1 H# m(B) generates来源：考试大
5 l! o3 b, Y+ F4 T(C) to generate
(D) it is generating
/ V2 P- M8 ^# _) v7 p. \1 l[答案] C 根据句意及结构，此句固选择动词不定式作目的状语。

0 B! y& ~$ P6 d(2) ------ stereophonic phonograph records, two recordings are made of the same musical performance.
(A) Creates来源：考试大
(B) Created
( K0 H9 h3 C2 ~3 h& Y(C) The creating of
" f  y- y% M) n(D) To create (92.10)来源：考试大
[答案] D 这是典型的不定式作目的状语的句子。目的状语放在句首是表示强调。
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(3) ------- time and labor, cartoonists generally draw the hands of their characters with only three fingers and a thumb.
* }! g$ o! b- Q  R" A: T(A) Saved来源：考试大
(B) Saves
(C) To save
(D) The saving (91.5)
[答案] C 此句与上面例题结构相同。不定式作目的状语，且放在句首表示强调。
　
　　3. 动名词的正确用法来源：考试大
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2 D0 d" x3 Z5 ^( N1 p4 d  [  {　　解题要点 有关名词的考题并不很多，但有一个常出现的题型；介词后面的动词一定要用动名词形式，作介词的宾语。

　　全真例题分析来源：考试大
$ a1 p$ _0 ]/ a(1) Microwave cooking can be accureately described as the first absolutely new method of prepare food since the discovery of fire (94.1)
  s, K; K/ G. Y7 i) F[答案] C 介词of后面应接动名词形式，即of preparing。来源：考试大
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# ?  B3 h2 G, o(2) Most crickets have two pairs of fally developed wings, and mascular hind legs for iump. (94.1)
[答案] D 动名原形jamp位于介词for后面，故应改为动句词jamping。
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; K  H7 F( g1 [- B(3) Because it is a healthful way to exercise derobic dancing is considered an excellent method for release tension. (93.1)
[答案] D 动名词原形release位于介词for后面，故应改为动名词releasing。
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. o0 L, k, }, i5 }% s& T(4) The Cubist movement in art was reaction against traditional methods of portray reality. (90.5)
8 A/ y# `$ P# C1 w- X- q[答案] C 动词原形portray应改为动名词portraying即作前面介词of的宾语，自身又带宾语reality。