托福语法指导－动词不定式及动名词要点解析

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　　动词不定式和动名词在TOEEL测试中不算活跃的考题，但出题频率比较稳定，即不频繁，亦无间断。命题焦占主要集中在动词不定式和动名词的基本功能及正确形式，即（1）不定式to后面接原形动词，（2）动名词具有动词和名词两重功能，介词后面的动词必须以动名词形式出现。不定式和动名词常考题型

　　1. 不定型工to后面接原形动词来源：考试大
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　　全真例题分析
(1) Astronauts circling the Earth may get to seen sixteen sunrises and sixteen sunsets every day. (93.8)
+ [/ N* b' x, P; @) F[答案] C 动词不定型式的标志to后面应接动词原形see。来源：考试大
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( J$ O( T' d: n1 P6 b(2) Using their bills as needles, tailorbirds sew large leaves together with plant fiber to forming their nests. (90.10)
[答案] D to forming应改为to form正确的不定式形式。
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(3) The poetry of e.e cummings illustrates the way in which some poets bend graminastical rules as they strive to expression their insights. (91.10)
5 I' m5 [% Q% L6 S[答案] D动词不定式to后面只能接原形动词，不能接名词。来源：考试大
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0 C9 o# c7 W7 Q; d7 D6 N  N6 O- o(4) The dromedary camel is raised especially to racing. (91.1)
/ d9 H) ^! }* z* N0 e[答案] D这是一个非常简单的动词不定式错误形式的考题。Recing应改为race,与to组成不定式。
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  N4 ?$ O' P9 V+ I% |, F$ G! c) n6 S　　2. 动词不定式作目的状语来源：考试大
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+ f" c: _, F/ B　　解题要点 不定式结构在句中可以作多种成分，目的状语则是TOEEL常考到的形式。动词不定型式作目的状语的命题主要分布在structure (1－15题）中。

2 D2 y) E3 S1 k3 U4 ]' N1 u　　全真例题分析来源：考试大
, d  ~# f; l& z- h; d4 V(1) A fuel is a substance used ------- light, heat .or energy .
  O# r; U. g- t" T. }5 X(A) generating
5 a5 \' a/ z6 t& u# N* [6 D$ J8 v2 J(B) generates来源：考试大
(C) to generate
(D) it is generating
. j1 r' K7 U/ c/ _2 @5 b[答案] C 根据句意及结构，此句固选择动词不定式作目的状语。
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) q4 p" E% ?% L9 k4 ](2) ------ stereophonic phonograph records, two recordings are made of the same musical performance.
- Q' N2 d$ }+ u; ?, ~. U8 O& K(A) Creates来源：考试大
(B) Created
(C) The creating of
(D) To create (92.10)来源：考试大
[答案] D 这是典型的不定式作目的状语的句子。目的状语放在句首是表示强调。

(3) ------- time and labor, cartoonists generally draw the hands of their characters with only three fingers and a thumb.
! I: R7 w# h/ j  Q8 D, W(A) Saved来源：考试大
(B) Saves
(C) To save
(D) The saving (91.5)
[答案] C 此句与上面例题结构相同。不定式作目的状语，且放在句首表示强调。
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: m. E% [. w( ~! l+ [2 H, [　　3. 动名词的正确用法来源：考试大

: t* i8 G$ v! Z5 H: c% h　　解题要点 有关名词的考题并不很多，但有一个常出现的题型；介词后面的动词一定要用动名词形式，作介词的宾语。
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　　全真例题分析来源：考试大
  q3 G, y& g* S(1) Microwave cooking can be accureately described as the first absolutely new method of prepare food since the discovery of fire (94.1)
9 Y! |% G3 t; W7 o- T3 u* x[答案] C 介词of后面应接动名词形式，即of preparing。来源：考试大

(2) Most crickets have two pairs of fally developed wings, and mascular hind legs for iump. (94.1)
[答案] D 动名原形jamp位于介词for后面，故应改为动句词jamping。
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(3) Because it is a healthful way to exercise derobic dancing is considered an excellent method for release tension. (93.1)
) A- q5 l; J2 e/ R% [+ d[答案] D 动名词原形release位于介词for后面，故应改为动名词releasing。
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/ n# S: I& Q4 g- d9 y$ l(4) The Cubist movement in art was reaction against traditional methods of portray reality. (90.5)
[答案] C 动词原形portray应改为动名词portraying即作前面介词of的宾语，自身又带宾语reality。