形式
/ @; m3 S0 @. K3 Z I; u+ T 现在一般时式 he works
, s5 f- Q. L/ M9 W' b- I$ |3 ^! z 进行式 he is working
) I5 j2 Z: S! z* u6 @ s ?5 I 完成式 he has worked
1 m" I$ A. X3 N, K9 A( Q: L 完成进行式 he has been working
5 R6 O) c) O* `0 F- H) h' _ 过去一般式 he worked( q6 R3 Y1 U7 ]9 B! N: q) h
进行式 he was working
9 C5 g9 a, l v, a0 f6 K 完成式 he had worked1 }2 {+ b0 d9 m1 N
完成进行式 he had been working- n; K3 [ e% q
将来一般式 he will work
% \: z; |9 q/ q3 d 进行式 he will be working
2 k/ f& n+ J! ]! j 完成式 he will have worked0 `' ^8 g! x/ m( }- H
完成进行式 he will have been working
1 X/ R6 u- `6 T Z 现在 条件语气 he would work
" n: ?2 U7 _; |* X) ?# A Z5 W0 d 条件进行式 he would be working
2 I$ y, o2 ]+ m0 J; L8 W 完成 条件语气 he would have worked0 B& J$ F' x Z6 u; t
条件进行式 he would have been working
, o: c( _, g) X& s& A! b1 v 肯定式的缩略式
( f0 s4 ?9 X) D4 R 助动词be,have,will,would的缩略形式如下:' H0 \5 v6 o- b$ r. c& o( h0 y
am ′m
# h- X' e2 X% j: c& s is ′s
' z" X8 { ^3 l2 d& Z5 m/ B are ′re
! s! r0 R# Q8 v have ′ve8 D# ?8 y0 L" A% h R5 I6 U& P1 p
has ′s
; L+ v+ s+ d9 P: c% C- `3 K+ z had ′d. e9 m; o O n* i
will ′ll
+ Y: E! m! \ W7 _6 c would ′d$ M) w- B8 k& L. G8 o1 v" l: B
注意:′s可以表示is或has;′d可以表示had或would:He′s going.相当于:* l7 [' B# u( j( F9 R" ^' p
He is going.
. K- i8 t- }3 a: }6 t" v; L 他要走了。 n+ c) r% Z7 L+ `: i% X
He′s gone.相当于:
0 B7 [& ?- U* G9 v8 [% I* } He has gone.
: q# ^" x' w% M& ` 他已走了。! w+ E+ d; U$ k9 \
He′d paid.相当于: O" R p1 g$ {2 C L
He had paid.- R% w: G8 }7 g: G; H# t
他已付过了。( O5 J3 A- m: D! W7 I
He′d like a drink.相当于:+ S2 X' `5 n" q+ c
He would like a drink.( v7 p3 u! }) ]" C
他想要杯喝的。8 {% F$ S% I( f @" O- a# D s) a W
这些缩略形式用于代词here,there,某些疑问词和短的名词之后:: j" q! q2 o1 J. Z
Here′s your pen.1 [4 m8 v% i" W! E
你的钢笔在这儿。
) Z2 v" v8 b B The twins′ve arrived.
+ e5 m* S9 p# V. [5 K, ? 双胞胎已经到了。' \4 X6 z; Y; x
The car′d broken down.
+ P1 w' E) k9 a1 ?; S# d 车坏了。
! L4 k& {* D- m& E 肯定式的缩略式不用于句末:
4 @# e: u! W5 m6 t You aren′t in a hurry but I am.
( ^9 [) K/ ]: P7 ] 你不着急,我可着急。(此处不能用I′m。)
) s' B2 _( U0 }8 i% _ shall,should,was和were没有书面的缩略形式,但在口语中常读为/Ml/,/M+d/,/w+z/和/w+(r)/。! C o8 }5 [$ t
重音
7 E* l% o4 m6 `0 u) L" o5 x4 l7 X& } 通常助动词被用来构成时态时不重读,而主要的动词应重读。 |