条件句类型1的基本形式在这里时态的变化遵循通常的规律:
+ i7 C% ~0 E( H" r- P1 X% X He said,‘If I catch the plane I’ll be home by five.’8 Y4 l, i4 J* x9 j
他说:“我如果能赶上这班飞机,5点钟以前就可以到家了。”相当于:" ?) r% T' F: w/ H8 J
He said that if he caught the plane he would be home by five., L3 s& d: j% Y# I
他说他如果能赶上那班飞机,5点钟以前就可以到家了。6 W! O& Y. x$ @: E1 h' {6 _' [
条件句类型2的基本形式在这里时态不变:
+ l2 d8 E$ l2 F+ `) L/ Y0 {; x ‘If I had a permit I could get a job,’he said.
* k, k5 r7 h2 m3 w+ @: {/ x 他说:“如果我有许可证就能找到工作。”相当于:3 @' P% I+ M. }
He said that if he had a permit he could get a job.
9 k: D) t) K1 c F- E 他说如果他有许可证就能找到工作。: ^9 i2 Z9 o( ]# f
条件句类型3的基本形式在这里时态不变:
3 M5 d1 B' ~# D+ N ‘If she had loved Tom,’ he said,‘she wouldn’t have left him.’
% h: ^0 q3 k2 S0 V$ {2 U2 c: v 他说:“如果她喜欢汤姆,就不会离开他。”相当于:; e" ]' V" ?; I. g4 Q. K1 P
He said that if she had loved Tom she wouldn’t have left him.
+ B. K J- P4 E! | 他说如果她喜欢汤姆的话就不会离开他。
$ a4 n: i: t: z6 h 关于if从句+命令或者要求在间接引语中的例句:
- X4 I- w9 u- W2 S! S- U+ h He said,‘If you have time wash the floor.’, b3 ~( V; g" ?) |1 {+ V/ }" a
他说:“如果你有时间,擦一擦地板。”' w# n, c: {, k
He said,‘If you have time would you wash the floor?’
9 r" \4 v [/ F! l, z, H 他说:“如果你有时间,你能擦一擦地板吗?”相当于:9 ~7 P6 }" @; `3 H3 A4 ]7 i! m0 O
He told/asked me to wash the floor if I had time.& t2 c1 F" ]3 k: g+ B
他叫/要我有时间的话擦一擦地板。7 P; A- W9 |$ P' o( E+ y6 l
He said that if I had time I was to wash the floor./ T9 {1 U" }2 u) |- M# A6 o
他说如果我有时间的话就擦一擦地板。
W; [" N* _* r0 } ‘If you see Ann ask her to ring me,’he said./ A1 T6 y% c- o& T. e" t1 r. X' q8 T
他说:“如果你遇到安,叫她给我打个电话。”相当于:* A" I" _& Q8 H4 B' S
He said that if I saw Ann I was to ask her to ring him.4 f4 T* q0 q. O3 p% U- C
他说如果我看到安,告诉她给他打个电话。(这里如用 ask+不定式结构就变得很拗口,也不十分清楚。)
# J8 c- y8 t' R% y: Q: K Peter(on phone): If you miss the last bus get a taxi.
. L7 c5 m5 }8 p) E2 s5 U' J 彼得(在打电话):如果你们误了末班车,就雇一辆出租汽车。" {8 P; U# r' l) t( _9 I
Peter says that if we miss the last bus we are to get a taxi./ e: f, J: Z. Z! K1 W' c" G1 ~/ t
彼得说如果我们误了末班车就雇一辆出租汽车。
; h& ?# u5 F- y 关于在间接引语中的if从句+劝告的表示法:! Q% Q4 u9 d+ U; j( \
‘If you feel ill,’she said,‘why don’t you go to bed?’/‘…you’d bet- ter go to bed.’8 D8 Q' Q. D5 Q9 _
她说:“如果你感到不舒服为什么不躺一下?”/…你最好上床休息。
5 _4 P) }4 t! \2 u5 c7 P She advised me to go to bed if I felt ill.% b" @6 P ~/ A: q S2 m2 D' @
她劝我,如果感到不舒服了就上床休息。# l s P# d8 m" E) x. A1 b
She said that if I felt ill I’d better/I should go to bed.6 Z% X% ~- Z6 x* S# s
她说如果我感到不舒服了我最好/应当上床休息。
7 \9 j( H c- f; ] ‘If I were you I’d stop taking pills,’she said.' o0 n! [8 _7 Z" p1 d7 D# w* r
她说:“如果我是你的话,我就停止吃药。”相当于:
$ p+ ?6 C0 r: N" |6 z8 b* O She advised me to stop taking pills.
d/ e' Z' g, h6 l 她劝我停止吃药。# d4 F7 _! {( W7 J2 r+ H" ^: L
if从句+疑问句结构在间接引语中通常把if从句置于句末: y3 I" ]$ e0 p0 g0 {2 O+ N: w' r
‘If the baby is a girl what will they call her?’ he wondered.
, X8 d: @% X! }: e: F 他心里想:“如果生的是个女孩,他们会给她取个什么名字?”相当于:
( Q M, d8 S4 C/ `) h7 N- v" e5 \ He wondered what they would call the baby if it was a girl.! X$ C* V% H# s# M$ r
他心里想,如果生的是个女孩,他们会给她取个什么名字。
0 M. @; f w/ G ‘ If the door is locked what shall I do?’ she asked.+ L: Q7 j7 q+ j% \( c0 l7 _9 j1 Z
她问道:“如果门锁了我该怎么办?”相当于:- G% Y1 s% f3 K3 z1 v) W" z7 }& t
She asked what she would do if the door was locked.
6 x0 ]5 w! [; Q& m' ^ 她问如果门锁了她该怎么办。 |