条件句类型1的基本形式在这里时态的变化遵循通常的规律:
8 L" v- G) b! s3 N( N8 |( H He said,‘If I catch the plane I’ll be home by five.’+ w$ K8 G2 c2 n) w, T3 r
他说:“我如果能赶上这班飞机,5点钟以前就可以到家了。”相当于:4 k( }: @: i* p- Z# V
He said that if he caught the plane he would be home by five.0 n% r% N, P% H) a! r
他说他如果能赶上那班飞机,5点钟以前就可以到家了。
0 v$ {: g2 z. U 条件句类型2的基本形式在这里时态不变:
( `" X$ f7 R0 k: Q, l8 K- r) Q, C ‘If I had a permit I could get a job,’he said.
2 L: h" D' |9 P( m% ~# }9 o: W 他说:“如果我有许可证就能找到工作。”相当于:
; ], m0 m# e" ]- t3 {6 g He said that if he had a permit he could get a job.& B- c; I+ M6 _
他说如果他有许可证就能找到工作。9 D( m' ]7 g- {1 Q# g; E! X U" i
条件句类型3的基本形式在这里时态不变:0 U- y/ f( \, O( X2 A
‘If she had loved Tom,’ he said,‘she wouldn’t have left him.’$ v+ e* T+ `7 ]8 e( Y" ^' C
他说:“如果她喜欢汤姆,就不会离开他。”相当于:
6 Y! W b6 _# w v( t He said that if she had loved Tom she wouldn’t have left him.
4 _, M! i: {5 G+ A# B 他说如果她喜欢汤姆的话就不会离开他。3 r5 @( l! U) F( V
关于if从句+命令或者要求在间接引语中的例句:: f! ^0 V9 @; z
He said,‘If you have time wash the floor.’5 C2 {2 N) H4 J! u8 f8 @; U: O
他说:“如果你有时间,擦一擦地板。”6 s2 G% \9 u4 G( O3 {
He said,‘If you have time would you wash the floor?’
6 |6 I# L7 b+ q. b( m+ t/ f 他说:“如果你有时间,你能擦一擦地板吗?”相当于:. J5 H9 I! Y ]
He told/asked me to wash the floor if I had time.4 p+ v/ f- B. n+ d& c
他叫/要我有时间的话擦一擦地板。" g9 M( {& H' w6 F. O
He said that if I had time I was to wash the floor.' E, X5 |, c; p6 T9 I( Z
他说如果我有时间的话就擦一擦地板。* O5 m7 Z9 g( e
‘If you see Ann ask her to ring me,’he said.
, P) ^1 s' {7 _5 W5 X7 g( ` 他说:“如果你遇到安,叫她给我打个电话。”相当于:
, B4 ^. f1 @( [; w6 W He said that if I saw Ann I was to ask her to ring him.7 W3 F/ i, ]; ]
他说如果我看到安,告诉她给他打个电话。(这里如用 ask+不定式结构就变得很拗口,也不十分清楚。)
1 C+ [8 D1 J4 d0 m: j Peter(on phone): If you miss the last bus get a taxi.
% ]3 E8 q7 g" e) t& t% @3 }2 g9 c 彼得(在打电话):如果你们误了末班车,就雇一辆出租汽车。
& X* {. B/ p& Y) u* ~. L6 k( c8 \ Peter says that if we miss the last bus we are to get a taxi.
3 F& T; P7 \: A' ?! X. I 彼得说如果我们误了末班车就雇一辆出租汽车。
. ~& X+ C/ H9 f ? 关于在间接引语中的if从句+劝告的表示法:
$ m. Y1 i8 E2 [- s7 B" P ‘If you feel ill,’she said,‘why don’t you go to bed?’/‘…you’d bet- ter go to bed.’
1 g r6 i- x* v2 H 她说:“如果你感到不舒服为什么不躺一下?”/…你最好上床休息。
& h4 D/ `% W0 n2 b She advised me to go to bed if I felt ill.2 `: f$ U1 e6 D3 C* |1 w$ K7 y
她劝我,如果感到不舒服了就上床休息。; w+ u% o9 l! k/ S4 _
She said that if I felt ill I’d better/I should go to bed./ O1 h) v \* W. z' _
她说如果我感到不舒服了我最好/应当上床休息。
6 q6 K/ t$ ]1 @ ‘If I were you I’d stop taking pills,’she said.
4 T8 O) `' G A) y0 ^3 n 她说:“如果我是你的话,我就停止吃药。”相当于:; y* P, V; H# Y+ _
She advised me to stop taking pills.6 t* p+ [! l% w7 Q6 o$ ?
她劝我停止吃药。- I' J# n( p3 j. _* P& q3 k e: P
if从句+疑问句结构在间接引语中通常把if从句置于句末:* x) w: ] C% z% F6 f- F* S
‘If the baby is a girl what will they call her?’ he wondered.$ f! X1 Z9 V4 Z% \% c
他心里想:“如果生的是个女孩,他们会给她取个什么名字?”相当于:
5 P: S( b/ j, I3 X* ]6 o3 t He wondered what they would call the baby if it was a girl.
* r( K! Y; e3 S$ S8 ~( u! \ 他心里想,如果生的是个女孩,他们会给她取个什么名字。- U: C3 e4 f& Q0 Y
‘ If the door is locked what shall I do?’ she asked.
) r/ V0 T* @5 R. K/ b8 ?$ p2 ], x 她问道:“如果门锁了我该怎么办?”相当于:1 W* G( s; [* D
She asked what she would do if the door was locked.
0 d7 q% P2 m! Z% F. V: J 她问如果门锁了她该怎么办。 |