条件句类型1的基本形式在这里时态的变化遵循通常的规律:
- y* z! A" m/ H& Q" h F$ G/ l+ z) D: H He said,‘If I catch the plane I’ll be home by five.’
# ~7 F+ t' r9 u1 b9 R* a 他说:“我如果能赶上这班飞机,5点钟以前就可以到家了。”相当于:
% ^% x6 n& i2 m He said that if he caught the plane he would be home by five.
" Y8 u% J0 w: q2 { 他说他如果能赶上那班飞机,5点钟以前就可以到家了。
7 n" ]& H* h `: @ 条件句类型2的基本形式在这里时态不变:2 t6 H8 W5 e2 I, u% K
‘If I had a permit I could get a job,’he said.
9 `( q4 d& A! [3 v0 o 他说:“如果我有许可证就能找到工作。”相当于:7 N* E: U$ i: V1 ~: S ~6 e
He said that if he had a permit he could get a job.$ D! Y M8 ]# F% q+ ^) |0 X
他说如果他有许可证就能找到工作。$ d+ W, F) x( }, f$ Q z0 ^" M z
条件句类型3的基本形式在这里时态不变:
' Z9 s+ m: H0 o! n! Z ‘If she had loved Tom,’ he said,‘she wouldn’t have left him.’$ u3 ^) t" K- t6 }6 n
他说:“如果她喜欢汤姆,就不会离开他。”相当于:
! a- F* q, U; E, i Q2 J: F He said that if she had loved Tom she wouldn’t have left him.
5 m; b6 g8 w5 Y 他说如果她喜欢汤姆的话就不会离开他。
7 |& k D4 J z2 u' @7 `/ D 关于if从句+命令或者要求在间接引语中的例句:; j4 s& r6 F) X+ b& @
He said,‘If you have time wash the floor.’4 Q# ~# _. G: E( D# z
他说:“如果你有时间,擦一擦地板。”
; G. c, M7 V8 |. j3 ` r He said,‘If you have time would you wash the floor?’( p% V2 O+ D2 H. ]
他说:“如果你有时间,你能擦一擦地板吗?”相当于:/ V9 \ N9 k* X6 E# e+ L5 n2 ?
He told/asked me to wash the floor if I had time.
) r' V1 S9 M4 L2 k6 B7 M% } 他叫/要我有时间的话擦一擦地板。
3 H7 p1 F& V, l4 x3 F" ~ He said that if I had time I was to wash the floor.9 }( u8 T8 d% {; s
他说如果我有时间的话就擦一擦地板。0 a' @ L, a; k
‘If you see Ann ask her to ring me,’he said." G9 G+ D8 p% Y# p. e; s! K
他说:“如果你遇到安,叫她给我打个电话。”相当于:
1 ~+ z7 X# K }4 n9 @2 u! K* r He said that if I saw Ann I was to ask her to ring him.
; J' }, M- ]# Y8 [; a: f 他说如果我看到安,告诉她给他打个电话。(这里如用 ask+不定式结构就变得很拗口,也不十分清楚。)3 j9 o0 i" W9 J* X9 z, _- ~0 W
Peter(on phone): If you miss the last bus get a taxi.5 w3 L8 z( H; B' s
彼得(在打电话):如果你们误了末班车,就雇一辆出租汽车。
; P% e' V9 P: s! I+ c8 x+ x Peter says that if we miss the last bus we are to get a taxi.
) G, ?% N5 h* C5 [2 N" @ 彼得说如果我们误了末班车就雇一辆出租汽车。
* E# ^2 D7 { \5 A5 z 关于在间接引语中的if从句+劝告的表示法:" c6 w" X% a! D" f1 Y9 @
‘If you feel ill,’she said,‘why don’t you go to bed?’/‘…you’d bet- ter go to bed.’2 F" M2 ?/ o X$ H
她说:“如果你感到不舒服为什么不躺一下?”/…你最好上床休息。
2 @& |3 V, t( ]' ^9 W She advised me to go to bed if I felt ill.7 a" I2 g2 e/ [7 x( r
她劝我,如果感到不舒服了就上床休息。$ B: i6 e8 M4 @9 G
She said that if I felt ill I’d better/I should go to bed.
2 s. y" K8 k. O1 ?% @' [/ h 她说如果我感到不舒服了我最好/应当上床休息。
9 C0 d+ q0 H' \. g5 X ‘If I were you I’d stop taking pills,’she said.
2 y, _ M8 J5 h4 o7 o* P' E 她说:“如果我是你的话,我就停止吃药。”相当于:
( [3 F5 Q0 @# d4 t/ w1 {- o, { She advised me to stop taking pills.
' z, `4 a8 r2 J 她劝我停止吃药。
) s" I- h. V7 V if从句+疑问句结构在间接引语中通常把if从句置于句末:' B, T6 d* |8 G) v( m0 T
‘If the baby is a girl what will they call her?’ he wondered.
0 C* T8 H5 s, B, C 他心里想:“如果生的是个女孩,他们会给她取个什么名字?”相当于:
' w# ^" s1 _; ~( d( m5 Y. y( b* X He wondered what they would call the baby if it was a girl.
0 ` @4 ?) _" N6 ^ 他心里想,如果生的是个女孩,他们会给她取个什么名字。9 W" n3 i% S4 C" o- M
‘ If the door is locked what shall I do?’ she asked.2 k% i' K% D- S
她问道:“如果门锁了我该怎么办?”相当于:
0 A- s) b# B1 a5 w! z3 T5 h/ B0 ?. d She asked what she would do if the door was locked.0 d. G- c Y2 D0 F% b; Z0 d& N/ M
她问如果门锁了她该怎么办。 |