代词7 }6 Q7 k, `% A! `' R
一、代词的五种形式间的混用* ~- v7 {0 j4 S4 q: w2 X$ T5 F6 E
he him himself self( l( t" U6 S- }7 D
主格＜－＞宾格＜－反身代词 名词$ ]* t+ [* V1 s9 f
△- P0 x; m( j5 W$ g
┃" D5 U2 H$ p Q" t! W% i
所有格: P2 U; i8 b) I; Q
his0 x' v8 f$ H% |6 G: R: ^9 V
(A)名词前面应该使用所有格
4 [- O/ I0 o8 `7 u' W6 g# b1 v% a make she debut 错1 [. O, i! K7 M0 M2 ?6 d3 Y) @5 n1 a
make one’s debut
, x! O+ t% Q3 D6 E7 ]2 _/ l* L * 双宾语结构例外 won him prizes 对% y# z8 ]7 c$ @0 D3 t, [7 P
（B）反身代词画线－－－＞改宾格8 z0 ^' `3 Z: f4 B/ s
要使用的反身代词必须与所在句子主语一致( z* G/ t* v9 n( b6 V8 q
he killed him. 他杀; H8 h1 m7 m; u$ l4 y8 q
he killed himself 自杀. e5 D7 t* a0 D
（C）self ,是名词，“自我”，只用于哲学， 出现永远错2 I0 N3 k" k& B8 E
二、代词的单复数 him,her--> them, 注意一下, N0 ~) U' z2 |) Y
三、代词的性别
: a: c5 w9 y7 E4 W. \: }" t his/her himself/herself% E: w0 Q" F6 @( k+ @5 x( d$ [
四、代词的人与物$ u) \* T( ]% C% ^' H4 ?$ n' W, {
Although he is employed in hte scientific field, the metric system
5 d5 V( y7 \, Y' ^ Z ~~->it
* v H* J* \" b+ y; y+ w is not used in the U.S./ X1 @$ v) C& l2 V% ^* ~
五、关系代词3 I1 T8 m) R$ a: }
┏ which 指代物2 R2 C4 {2 P6 y; l+ y
┃ that 指代人或物 注意：who与which混用# ^- d& x: P7 y
┗ who 指代人+ y& U+ v3 j" Q0 T; Q1 z) t
┏ who 主0 C# ] L. l! p9 U
┃ whom 宾9 n9 A; s% n3 _% m }; y; ] L7 u
┗ whose 所有格
8 J% V: C2 Y, b- f) r* H0 r) c whom image --->只考过一回% Q* s- b3 }* Q) S& Y! M
~~~~->whose8 j. l5 E* b$ T/ E3 _- f1 n
*主要考who和whose的混用7 |7 I9 D# L# {! X- G0 }4 A
who + noun. 错 whose + V 错
! f0 N2 a& J" x9 }介词
$ r. f8 y! a; P5 c2 L, X 一、through/throughout0 g" A9 E" l/ h5 Y
through: “穿过”、“通过”，强调动作
j* U4 l4 I7 u8 k* B2 \' ] throughout: “贯穿”throughout his lifetime* ^3 h' O; c. _1 U5 ^. x9 b9 l0 U: D
“遍布”throughout the world
: o9 |# b3 Z3 X" t ]* C 二、between/among {! @& e0 d# H
between the stars/trees 两两之间4 z' r- d1 @/ ]8 D7 _
among the two realms 错
$ d9 }7 F) j5 r6 R! l0 J3 K 三、in/inside /into
$ Q, p2 U: s# a% v, P9 {3 n inside,in 静态，强调状态
0 _+ Q# K1 K9 X* H into 动态，强调动作1 `: K- ^. T; g1 U7 L2 I- V8 [' N
air inside the house: p8 ?) n- G+ e: ~+ @
shoot...into the sky
5 _& m/ d A- Z E, W% z! g! _6 p in + 单数noun.(无冠词)，表示某一领域，某一方面，某一行业
9 O H3 Q% G) S6 w7 O in shape, in size! }- `7 t0 f' P* W6 Q- A
四、in/for/since
1 b+ y. u# ~% _! h0 d* ? in + 1. 时刻点7 x, d- y4 B6 l" Y6 I
2. 一段时间
2 B# z8 M) Z8 s; { for+ 1. prep. + 一段时间
+ k$ k1 p: h" k a: A 2. conj. 并列连词，不能位于句首
! i" Y1 I+ f9 E% a* `) b$ k 句子，for 句子! |) L8 q" I) I9 |! @5 O
since+1. prep., “自从”＋时刻点，完成时1 k; O$ _$ Y. y! h
2. conj., “因为”Since +句子，句子
3 r& t7 X% m; P 3. adv., a. 与过去时共用 = ago6 h$ |4 d$ ?2 j/ Q
...was...many years since ...
. M) D" b; j8 u, |& Z8 N1 C b. 与完成时连用，表示过去某个时间某个事件到现在2 w' F- _1 ~5 h2 P& B# q
Tom was elected president last term, but he since has de
& p$ o9 R3 c3 S) b; | voted
; t0 ? j. N$ e% }; Y! t little fo his spare time to his reponsibility.
- r* f7 N3 u- ` 五、of 遗漏
" ?7 A* h2 n; w+ W0 d 多余
. C5 X1 r" S& S/ f2 D6 H" c 六、by3 l( _. f' p, _$ x! @1 d5 K
1. be done by 只要不是固定词组，就改by
o) j" ?' a0 j1 y4 [6 d 2. by doing 只要不是固定词组) b$ I9 z, A7 p; ~' J
3. 作品by 作者2 n2 o3 F \; V; R& s5 f/ x
publication by Franklin
8 S" _1 b6 C q; J 七、固定搭配, Y9 H, v0 L# O$ j2 z- B. a% |
together with = with
& _$ p0 R: y2 a x' m2 R" b0 K, B adv + prep = prep |
发表于 2012-8-14 23:32:39
