代词
* @& M7 x: M- A9 p6 I$ r 一、代词的五种形式间的混用0 K* C$ f- W! `4 _, P$ S; C7 A
he him himself self
1 y$ I% J: R5 b- x% U l) U 主格<->宾格<-反身代词 名词# P s+ ]9 Y6 d! \/ c5 U7 s
△
6 m: l0 d9 R; l; s+ _1 m! A; { ┃( m/ z J+ H( s. r+ F0 F
所有格6 C! g- c+ G( u; \0 N1 \
his T; B. u& o6 U, U; H
(A)名词前面应该使用所有格
, h' n/ f% A9 P8 b! | make she debut 错
1 _) ^9 D* F' Y9 o; d3 Y make one’s debut
- V$ q# [; ? ?% h: N5 M" W7 A * 双宾语结构例外 won him prizes 对
0 W2 d2 _% e Q/ @8 i. U* X2 Y (B)反身代词画线--->改宾格6 @) p. k, ?) r( ^$ h; U+ x
要使用的反身代词必须与所在句子主语一致
" {% c2 t) v3 Y# I0 d. H he killed him. 他杀
- p% D9 D/ l: Q1 M he killed himself 自杀
( b% R0 ^3 W; T& k (C)self ,是名词,“自我”,只用于哲学, 出现永远错
' v) U9 ]2 _* d, Z- L, a 二、代词的单复数 him,her--> them, 注意一下, h# a; h- _. P5 P6 D
三、代词的性别8 v3 B- J. V D4 e
his/her himself/herself
. `7 ?: U8 F4 { 四、代词的人与物
8 Q6 C: ~. w4 ~ Although he is employed in hte scientific field, the metric system
8 Z; A$ H+ Q, A& h0 Z5 C: W( {- ~# }$ ?( W ~~->it" s+ n+ v8 Y: S
is not used in the U.S. V# n: Q0 `+ X2 o# p
五、关系代词/ E+ M" V( T( E7 {: k) {& n6 e
┏ which 指代物$ R1 ^+ _' \" L8 l
┃ that 指代人或物 注意:who与which混用
7 W) w8 F5 r& E1 |& D9 [! A0 L% F ┗ who 指代人
, o% W+ |3 t3 H- c ┏ who 主; F5 o% ?" M$ I, [& Z% P8 S# \3 _: R/ S
┃ whom 宾7 ?: p+ z( D9 H/ C& b7 g: S- S( G7 m
┗ whose 所有格) H* p8 Q& s. H
whom image --->只考过一回
$ C4 j& \8 k. n7 f# A/ s ~~~~->whose
; ]' t; _3 R/ s6 u' g: P *主要考who和whose的混用
, ?% A, S. R% q' s who + noun. 错 whose + V 错% a: T' {0 j9 O
介词
4 }8 F+ c% x' O4 _- @" [, @& a 一、through/throughout/ F+ E2 S) P4 i- d$ I; d0 h
through: “穿过”、“通过”,强调动作( o+ Z" T: T8 i% Y; j2 X4 O8 M
throughout: “贯穿”throughout his lifetime
: P% }1 _5 s& d- ^/ ?6 D; r “遍布”throughout the world; }- b# H- M6 a) l
二、between/among
8 D: y- G$ O% }( @4 m8 a2 m/ k! w# P between the stars/trees 两两之间
, M' \, Z0 _6 e* l0 I/ r among the two realms 错5 [# W% E6 O6 i5 G
三、in/inside /into
5 y# O# J8 m! P; c+ p# P/ r7 O inside,in 静态,强调状态% P, ~7 r5 g& r; H
into 动态,强调动作, }/ a4 Q$ P( E. |
air inside the house
! f M6 j# W7 C4 [' u2 \& k shoot...into the sky
, z/ U) `( R! x6 J8 k/ A in + 单数noun.(无冠词),表示某一领域,某一方面,某一行业9 |- @) a) C, V6 K, P
in shape, in size
. W q% T" C5 D4 s, [: ? 四、in/for/since
* n2 @- l; u! e; X& O& y) p in + 1. 时刻点1 \ {5 i2 ?5 Y3 F
2. 一段时间; m5 F3 M% |8 z% N) O
for+ 1. prep. + 一段时间
8 u. l+ s, w1 P% R 2. conj. 并列连词,不能位于句首+ i) F; a' z" E9 M5 \
句子,for 句子. L; N- m2 o0 l, ^( c
since+1. prep., “自从”+时刻点,完成时( T# E3 l2 B7 N# w- t. w! Q
2. conj., “因为”Since +句子,句子$ \7 P: n* N& k5 H, N2 C) E. q
3. adv., a. 与过去时共用 = ago) V4 H: `% Y& q# D7 a& c
...was...many years since ...
' V3 [- f' A" u& N b. 与完成时连用,表示过去某个时间某个事件到现在# @# g6 ^9 W& [% W5 k
Tom was elected president last term, but he since has de0 }& b3 {$ a: S- @
voted% o6 a( d, i0 m, f6 e; D& } p
little fo his spare time to his reponsibility.
3 H, r" U2 }3 O+ G p 五、of 遗漏
! l$ T( C8 n% T# `4 z 多余, s0 l7 B: [# q
六、by
3 h" r- A9 W9 Y2 _ 1. be done by 只要不是固定词组,就改by
! |4 `/ |$ L; x0 i. f+ A2 Z 2. by doing 只要不是固定词组 ^3 j: a- z5 E0 D4 J( e6 ^
3. 作品by 作者
+ A8 V1 U) |2 w, Z; r publication by Franklin2 U3 N! C0 O# T# j
七、固定搭配! [) o9 \7 E; M# n4 K
together with = with+ s+ G. j% w% B2 V
adv + prep = prep |