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[托福语法] 托福语法辅导:托福语法全攻略(5)

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发表于 2012-8-14 23:32:39 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
托福语法辅导:托福语法全攻略(5)5 v/ C( o' }5 k( u3 B
考点二 定冠词the   定冠词限定名词时主要表示特指,针对TOEFL应注意以下几点:
' v2 G$ h5 |, f6 M  (1) the和可数名词单数连用,表示一类人或物,如:% {: ~+ i4 K5 g1 k
  the fern(蕨类), the wallflower8 m1 F8 [) W8 r4 J
  (2) 序数词之前必须用the,如:
# ]  z* i( s2 t+ N5 n2 X  the first woman, the nineteenth century6 L! A4 X2 c2 T! v$ e
  但前面有物主代词时除外,如 my first baby
$ H! M; I" @- S  (3) 形容词最高级之前必须用the(有物主代词时除外),如:
, @- ]; e! ^6 A1 m, G  the largest city, the most advanced technology3 K- @4 N0 P$ [1 b4 `
  (4) of连接的名词前多用the, 如:
2 o+ ^! N; V% D5 r- i  s  the development of the watch,
4 ?; |, L$ M0 B; P" k  (5) 世界上独一无二的东西前应加the, 如:
* F* s5 T; ]8 g  the globe(地球),the equator(赤道), the moon, the sun! u3 t$ A' @1 D; @
  在下列情况下,一般不用the:6 ^8 Q% I* {) n
  (1) 表示人名、地名、国家名等专有名词前, 一般不加,如:% W% j) }: X$ y9 f% N: o
  Dennis Chavez(人名),Alaska(地名),English(英语), February(二月), America(美国)
# G) |- t1 r& h% k$ c$ B3 X, S  但是在表示海洋、海峡、江、河、山脉、群岛等专有名词时要加上the/ R( M; y  d6 i" b7 A! y' p
  the Great Lakes(美国五大湖), the Changjiang River(长江)www.ExamW.CoM
1 j. z6 ?# z0 x& p) X  (2) 无特指的不可数名词前,如:- G" _- C3 i- }( H/ Y# {

* h9 h* |: t! ]& ~- R% a+ m8 e  algebra(代数学), advertising, accounting(会计学)
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 楼主| 发表于 2012-8-14 23:32:40 | 显示全部楼层

托福语法辅导:托福语法全攻略(5)

</p>  (3) 表示类别的复数名词前,如:
; I# k0 ^! {1 V- B  Historians believe that…, Amphibians(两栖动物) hatch from…
2 c7 J+ k) c& [6 @! r! r  (4) 一些固定词组中,如:( [. m! ]# G3 `8 e7 S
  in history, in nature, at work, at home , go to school, go to bed, in bed
2 {6 t. a( p) u6 Z) F* d/ V* x  乘车的词组:  P( b+ u# I! g  B4 A% x* [/ g( n% Z; ]
  by train(乘火车), by car (乘汽车), by bicycle(骑脚踏车), by bus (乘公共汽车),
1 [! z# ?4 o- x) |$ A5 y  by land(由陆路), by sea (由海路), by water (由水路) , by air (通过航空)
& _6 _0 ^! m- j0 q  on foot (步行), by plane(乘飞机), by ship (乘船),
1 u0 o) l1 F$ O+ M5 ~  ?  打球的词组:, a: U4 T& z+ \1 O
  play tennis, play baseball, play basketball) h# V/ H, O1 t
  注意:表示职位的词之前的冠词有无均可, 如:He was elected (the) chairman of the committee.
  a7 Y* L6 N5 \/ @* K7 f  例题:: t4 Z* L! q- N" {1 P& Z
  (D)+ d, m8 V8 F( O( Q4 v
  Historically, ---- chief material for making furniture has been wood, but metal and stone have also been used.& U: q1 m. \+ l+ O
  (A) it was the6 s8 P; x$ {2 d* F% H$ i0 `) F5 @
  (B) that the! i( v  U2 a# P, a3 B/ `* ]% q
  (C) there was a( a3 |1 W, ^4 O+ W4 \- a
  (D) the
2 k, y1 D/ ^0 J4 @, R* d$ m5 s+ H  答案:D, S1 w% U6 Y7 }* a  m: Z+ u; v
  解释:空格后是主谓句,A、C可先排除,B使原句只有从句没有主句,只剩下D可选,D是定冠词作名词material的限定词,表特指$ S2 Y% _) H! X; U$ ?) L$ I
  (2)
# ]6 T! H" e  r+ @  The Yukon River, which flows into the Bering Sea, gives its name to a region of Alaska and a territory of the Canada.
4 |/ |+ p6 {0 Z  }( ?5 G: ]3 u& d  应改为:of
8 h0 O* ~8 D: w- T  解释:Canada是国名,属专用名词,之前不能加定冠词
  r; @" Y7 e+ V5 u" x, ]0 _4 \/ p  (3)
1 ~: d8 r! r. x  The development of professional sports in the United States dates back tonineteenth century.1 s7 r& N: c% I% D% X
  应改为:to the nineteenth6 }1 z+ e8 X& G0 g, |" Z
  解释:nineteenth是序数词,之前应加the
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