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[托福语法] 托福语法辅导:托福语法全攻略(5)

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发表于 2012-8-14 23:32:39 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
托福语法辅导:托福语法全攻略(5)3 j7 h6 U4 E6 J8 n/ ]. g6 T& c2 J
考点二 定冠词the   定冠词限定名词时主要表示特指,针对TOEFL应注意以下几点:
# V) N1 d& u% x! s& K  \* x  (1) the和可数名词单数连用,表示一类人或物,如:
$ E! G5 }$ J9 @( v) R0 N  the fern(蕨类), the wallflower
, z7 G/ J$ F/ w9 @; k) u; a  (2) 序数词之前必须用the,如:
3 T' d* V1 \8 @  the first woman, the nineteenth century. T8 i( f+ [& k" }
  但前面有物主代词时除外,如 my first baby
% }4 u' M6 g% @7 V$ q$ J- \' s9 A  (3) 形容词最高级之前必须用the(有物主代词时除外),如:- }' w) X, A4 Z# k9 g: f5 S
  the largest city, the most advanced technology
" U7 K: f" K1 a* H: G" @  (4) of连接的名词前多用the, 如:
0 e# T3 s2 w7 h3 I/ ]  the development of the watch,
4 {. o; U/ O5 N  q  (5) 世界上独一无二的东西前应加the, 如:7 \- P& T9 c4 ~1 m
  the globe(地球),the equator(赤道), the moon, the sun" o0 F6 N& h2 [4 f: ^7 D2 W% @- W7 }
  在下列情况下,一般不用the:
* w) x. Q7 K6 Q4 X/ f  (1) 表示人名、地名、国家名等专有名词前, 一般不加,如:; j# ]6 b" K/ X' Q, ]9 r+ d7 o5 {0 ]
  Dennis Chavez(人名),Alaska(地名),English(英语), February(二月), America(美国): r# X2 Q* H9 [/ ~7 e: Q9 P
  但是在表示海洋、海峡、江、河、山脉、群岛等专有名词时要加上the
/ S* v6 G- v, {6 g4 n. r% _- `  the Great Lakes(美国五大湖), the Changjiang River(长江)www.ExamW.CoM9 u( V% ~+ Z4 u3 ^( H
  (2) 无特指的不可数名词前,如:
$ V! m0 k; A& i, N0 `/ M
3 M7 G) F0 r3 k4 L  }  algebra(代数学), advertising, accounting(会计学)
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 楼主| 发表于 2012-8-14 23:32:40 | 显示全部楼层

托福语法辅导:托福语法全攻略(5)

</p>  (3) 表示类别的复数名词前,如:
* C1 P* S3 h& b$ J  Historians believe that…, Amphibians(两栖动物) hatch from…% u) A/ K3 W6 E6 v
  (4) 一些固定词组中,如:
2 W, o! ?" T1 Y% U) d% \  in history, in nature, at work, at home , go to school, go to bed, in bed
3 t/ {1 `; s$ e3 N5 F7 u' n  乘车的词组:
  k* R! @3 z) e( W- S) l+ w  by train(乘火车), by car (乘汽车), by bicycle(骑脚踏车), by bus (乘公共汽车),; M& _& f" S, i! Q! @+ {# a
  by land(由陆路), by sea (由海路), by water (由水路) , by air (通过航空): r2 D% o/ t0 g
  on foot (步行), by plane(乘飞机), by ship (乘船),) S" C6 r3 V9 L( W
  打球的词组:
$ h% d/ s- e- Z$ g  play tennis, play baseball, play basketball+ k7 C/ \: k7 S( B" A1 i
  注意:表示职位的词之前的冠词有无均可, 如:He was elected (the) chairman of the committee.% a5 R- U+ ?& l' Q- C" ~( X
  例题:. X* }, f" i; R
  (D)- G+ ^, H1 n) \1 r+ M: `- g
  Historically, ---- chief material for making furniture has been wood, but metal and stone have also been used.
7 c5 @: W& R9 r) J; e9 E6 T  (A) it was the$ N& v7 {1 @7 _& C, D9 t8 Q
  (B) that the! u; R4 [1 Z. E- k8 s! n& Y
  (C) there was a$ ?  E2 t7 M% _6 Y0 F
  (D) the; |5 n( n4 k2 T- b
  答案:D
1 D- h4 }% V$ ~0 M4 B  解释:空格后是主谓句,A、C可先排除,B使原句只有从句没有主句,只剩下D可选,D是定冠词作名词material的限定词,表特指
* r- V5 C6 C! E  (2)
% k- S* q) q4 J; A$ e  The Yukon River, which flows into the Bering Sea, gives its name to a region of Alaska and a territory of the Canada.2 b; }8 B7 ^1 _  @& X2 [7 r* L
  应改为:of. `# _9 V2 H5 A' Y
  解释:Canada是国名,属专用名词,之前不能加定冠词
+ i$ n' M, I  u! ~  (3)5 E8 n" F) f' S
  The development of professional sports in the United States dates back tonineteenth century.8 m" f2 }# q$ Q; R/ w. V! m# |
  应改为:to the nineteenth8 _' c! X" D  l+ j8 `" }; I
  解释:nineteenth是序数词,之前应加the
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