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[托福语法] 托福语法辅导:托福语法全攻略(5)

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发表于 2012-8-14 23:32:39 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
托福语法辅导:托福语法全攻略(5)  {3 d2 A. }5 Q7 m
考点二 定冠词the   定冠词限定名词时主要表示特指,针对TOEFL应注意以下几点:+ Z" u" L  w' n
  (1) the和可数名词单数连用,表示一类人或物,如:
+ y0 c* N4 Y$ f- ~% Z& `* F; D  the fern(蕨类), the wallflower
+ d8 l7 g: k) ^) [1 ]1 B, l6 g  (2) 序数词之前必须用the,如:- @$ v( s/ Q3 D9 {& }. M
  the first woman, the nineteenth century9 \4 ^' y5 z' p' c$ q( [
  但前面有物主代词时除外,如 my first baby
6 {. U; C( c3 J, V$ ~) ]4 V; B  (3) 形容词最高级之前必须用the(有物主代词时除外),如:8 N2 X: m+ P7 c, @
  the largest city, the most advanced technology" S2 A4 R/ {5 ?
  (4) of连接的名词前多用the, 如:6 t6 |- F: l" c. U, _
  the development of the watch,' p- {  b% q4 _7 v% m
  (5) 世界上独一无二的东西前应加the, 如:- d  P5 N& [/ U3 b4 s
  the globe(地球),the equator(赤道), the moon, the sun' X6 Z2 z' n8 }$ N7 y" [0 N8 p  Q7 ?
  在下列情况下,一般不用the:" i* h! F# z; z. a
  (1) 表示人名、地名、国家名等专有名词前, 一般不加,如:9 c; o* V9 N5 f# G
  Dennis Chavez(人名),Alaska(地名),English(英语), February(二月), America(美国)
+ D, m. w) W2 m2 u/ y  但是在表示海洋、海峡、江、河、山脉、群岛等专有名词时要加上the
. Z, F6 [; v1 Y! {7 n7 ~  the Great Lakes(美国五大湖), the Changjiang River(长江)www.ExamW.CoM
. s  G) ~3 |9 k, |  (2) 无特指的不可数名词前,如:
9 K+ A+ X. c# c5 i; T0 b0 T* P! W
  algebra(代数学), advertising, accounting(会计学)
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 楼主| 发表于 2012-8-14 23:32:40 | 显示全部楼层

托福语法辅导:托福语法全攻略(5)

</p>  (3) 表示类别的复数名词前,如:
0 _' ]5 J+ h6 }& K  Historians believe that…, Amphibians(两栖动物) hatch from…
! B) d& m1 x/ K" l8 s  (4) 一些固定词组中,如:
6 m3 d5 c2 w' W. D8 `4 v) q  in history, in nature, at work, at home , go to school, go to bed, in bed2 p, n4 s* K8 r- I
  乘车的词组:
, v6 u  ^# j( A  by train(乘火车), by car (乘汽车), by bicycle(骑脚踏车), by bus (乘公共汽车),
3 S$ @7 C" K1 s& W: p8 o  by land(由陆路), by sea (由海路), by water (由水路) , by air (通过航空)
) T2 V1 d* i# B9 s4 `- C1 f. n  on foot (步行), by plane(乘飞机), by ship (乘船),
6 N6 w% O3 H' P6 {5 l  打球的词组:
% L% g7 I( t" U7 V9 Z  play tennis, play baseball, play basketball
! U6 c" h) I( m9 z# y, N  注意:表示职位的词之前的冠词有无均可, 如:He was elected (the) chairman of the committee.
2 R, E( |9 b4 {  u/ f  例题:
5 ]5 H+ }, J# L5 q( u* Y, I, w  (D)1 o) ]$ G5 I$ F6 Y+ o
  Historically, ---- chief material for making furniture has been wood, but metal and stone have also been used.7 t' a* b+ ~7 [3 \2 ^# J
  (A) it was the$ K" U* U7 Z' O. V/ v
  (B) that the( N' U9 l+ N# O! h: G2 z, n
  (C) there was a
" f' q) }5 c2 |. i; P. R  (D) the- |) l' C5 S, v3 c
  答案:D' u: M  e+ Q! m- p( n' V) m  X; a
  解释:空格后是主谓句,A、C可先排除,B使原句只有从句没有主句,只剩下D可选,D是定冠词作名词material的限定词,表特指
& t4 b/ C; }# N( Y9 @8 y& I  (2)
/ F- c  P# Q4 G' i+ l* X2 ?  The Yukon River, which flows into the Bering Sea, gives its name to a region of Alaska and a territory of the Canada.( l9 G8 _  B4 t' a
  应改为:of
: S& p+ m9 k- B0 ~6 f) t  解释:Canada是国名,属专用名词,之前不能加定冠词! y: _2 y8 g' X9 e/ _6 Y. c
  (3)
+ W! `& ~- Y! I. t; V  The development of professional sports in the United States dates back tonineteenth century.; O6 d  M: l9 l. c  \( d4 T
  应改为:to the nineteenth
! z' E, M; Q8 q" A& d5 ]$ b  解释:nineteenth是序数词,之前应加the
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