2011托福语法：真题要点解析之动词不定式及动名词

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　动词不定式和动名词在TOEEL测试中不算活跃的考题，但出题频率比较稳定，即不频繁，亦无间断。命题焦占主要集中在动词不定式和动名词的基本功能及正确形式，即（1）不定式to后面接原形动词，（2）动名词具有动词和名词两重功能，介词后面的动词必须以动名词形式出现。不定式和动名词常考题型
　　1. 不定型工to后面接原形动词
　　全真例题分析
　　(1) Astronauts circling the Earth may get to seen sixteen sunrises and sixteen sunsets every day. (93.8)
　　[答案] C 动词不定型式的标志to后面应接动词原形see。
　　(2) Using their bills as needles, tailorbirds sew large leaves together with plant fiber to forming their nests. (90.10)
　　[答案] D to forming应改为to form正确的不定式形式。
: a  ?% ^. z! N; S　　(3) The poetry of e.e cummings illustrates the way in which some poets bend graminastical rules as they strive to expression their insights. (91.10)
) \+ O$ j8 Z# x8 r/ V　　[答案] D动词不定式to后面只能接原形动词，不能接名词。
& j4 E1 v! y" M5 ~6 j　　(4) The dromedary camel is raised especially to racing. (91.1)
) ?- K7 c9 Z* j　　[答案] D这是一个非常简单的动词不定式错误形式的考题。Recing应改为race,与to组成不定式。
　　2. 动词不定式作目的状语
3 |3 n/ }/ [$ b8 N6 K- j# [$ E　　解题要点 不定式结构在句中可以作多种成分，目的状语则是TOEEL常考到的形式。动词不定型式作目的状语的命题主要分布在structure (1－15题）中。
　　全真例题分析
9 u* |% T! D! O% E8 U1 F　　(1) A fuel is a substance used ------- light, heat .or energy .
3 `3 ]" c; E1 G5 N! r; \　　(A) generating
! z  m# w& i2 U& n, c( K3 l　　(B) generates
- g1 I2 m( K( o) J7 s3 }　　(C) to generate
8 g( L+ Q0 Z! H9 d2 H9 ]　　(D) it is generating
　　[答案] C 根据句意及结构，此句固选择动词不定式作目的状语。
　　(2) ------ stereophonic phonograph records, two recordings are made of the same musical performance.
+ h  s# t% r: q$ Y　　(A) Creates
　　(B) Created
　　(C) The creating of
2 t! V& q$ n, |7 a3 d; r　　(D) To create (92.10)
0 X. z- D8 f8 T+ ~! n. D" s　　[答案] D 这是典型的不定式作目的状语的句子。目的状语放在句首是表示强调。
　　(3) ------- time and labor, cartoonists generally draw the hands of their characters with only three fingers and a thumb.
　　(A) Saved
　　(B) Saves
　　(C) To save
9 M- \1 y8 y9 H8 F1 F　　(D) The saving (91.5)
* ^+ \- f# H: r$ a　　[答案] C 此句与上面例题结构相同。不定式作目的状语，且放在句首表示强调。
$ a3 n& a  K4 i7 a( e8 [　　3. 动名词的正确用法
0 e' d" b  a+ ?, h　　解题要点 有关名词的考题并不很多，但有一个常出现的题型；介词后面的动词一定要用动名词形式，作介词的宾语。
　　全真例题分析
) U. |. b0 s0 N; I  H* |$ {　　(1) Microwave cooking can be accureately described as the first absolutely new method of prepare food since the discovery of fire (94.1)
$ ?7 I0 k2 s4 R: c2 D" Y) D　　[答案] C 介词of后面应接动名词形式，即of preparing。
　　(2) Most crickets have two pairs of fally developed wings, and mascular hind legs for iump. (94.1)
% ~* _/ G8 V8 ^5 ]　　[答案] D 动名原形jamp位于介词for后面，故应改为动句词jamping。
　　(3) Because it is a healthful way to exercise derobic dancing is considered an excellent method for release tension. (93.1)
　　[答案] D 动名词原形release位于介词for后面，故应改为动名词releasing。
　　(4) The Cubist movement in art was reaction against traditional methods of portray reality. (90.5)
　　[答案] C 动词原形portray应改为动名词portraying即作前面介词of的宾语，自身又带宾语reality。