动词不定式和动名词在TOEEL测试中不算活跃的考题,但出题频率比较稳定,即不频繁,亦无间断。命题焦占主要集中在动词不定式和动名词的基本功能及正确形式,即(1)不定式to后面接原形动词,(2)动名词具有动词和名词两重功能,介词后面的动词必须以动名词形式出现。不定式和动名词常考题型
. U/ Y& {, o F0 R+ P2 y2 L 1. 不定型工to后面接原形动词
4 q1 l" c' A3 c( l9 k 全真例题分析- g8 J8 I/ @4 t8 ~3 m0 O
(1) Astronauts circling the Earth may get to seen sixteen sunrises and sixteen sunsets every day. (93.8)
. ?: E" W1 N: @& s/ w; ^5 [ { [答案] C 动词不定型式的标志to后面应接动词原形see。( }* V' B6 O/ r( ^5 J5 ?- d
(2) Using their bills as needles, tailorbirds sew large leaves together with plant fiber to forming their nests. (90.10)2 f% \1 J+ w8 W
[答案] D to forming应改为to form正确的不定式形式。2 L* t3 |1 D) r K
(3) The poetry of e.e cummings illustrates the way in which some poets bend graminastical rules as they strive to expression their insights. (91.10)
& k& u; f# W4 e, U [答案] D动词不定式to后面只能接原形动词,不能接名词。, L; W, ^' i' ]5 c* L% ^
(4) The dromedary camel is raised especially to racing. (91.1)' M' A6 ?; L$ e/ V! P$ }
[答案] D这是一个非常简单的动词不定式错误形式的考题。Recing应改为race,与to组成不定式。3 L1 ^0 K7 b1 l2 n, ?; x. m
2. 动词不定式作目的状语% I* R* H: Y# N$ I
解题要点 不定式结构在句中可以作多种成分,目的状语则是TOEEL常考到的形式。动词不定型式作目的状语的命题主要分布在structure (1-15题)中。
% f& V8 N5 F& `" g) S8 t 全真例题分析
7 \7 C1 n; v+ L b# w) _ (1) A fuel is a substance used ------- light, heat .or energy .
; Z" T% D5 B: ?& Q1 C! k/ [; J (A) generating% J8 ^/ H7 m d( p
(B) generates
4 x+ v$ M$ z3 P$ f; r* v: ?: j* I (C) to generate U1 C5 t N x6 A$ A. T
(D) it is generating
; a2 g" |# v' L; l% L7 k" O& k+ G [答案] C 根据句意及结构,此句固选择动词不定式作目的状语。( d/ Q# _! M. \, R$ B0 H& h6 A
(2) ------ stereophonic phonograph records, two recordings are made of the same musical performance.( T9 R" v- i1 v5 O3 n
(A) Creates0 V0 l2 {9 e: ^: O: | n
(B) Created" s4 @2 P9 V4 l6 W
(C) The creating of
3 k6 ?4 G3 i3 O) f& R (D) To create (92.10)
0 m- Y5 |5 g" [4 W [答案] D 这是典型的不定式作目的状语的句子。目的状语放在句首是表示强调。
% @) P _ C0 X3 s: M (3) ------- time and labor, cartoonists generally draw the hands of their characters with only three fingers and a thumb.
, i4 h; }. B8 H% F (A) Saved
9 _) n( \9 V$ H% P" a! f (B) Saves
, u: c8 p' p; ~ (C) To save
8 U: s* h J) j6 A& | (D) The saving (91.5)
0 Q9 k7 e( g, O/ E [答案] C 此句与上面例题结构相同。不定式作目的状语,且放在句首表示强调。
" n Q8 @7 \# O" s$ O: g 3. 动名词的正确用法
/ w4 d+ V: W; o 解题要点 有关名词的考题并不很多,但有一个常出现的题型;介词后面的动词一定要用动名词形式,作介词的宾语。) e. ?/ _$ s9 c4 A1 L$ c: f+ W
全真例题分析( k! |( K% H3 z
(1) Microwave cooking can be accureately described as the first absolutely new method of prepare food since the discovery of fire (94.1)0 s6 W. ^, w% F4 f ?8 Q* I
[答案] C 介词of后面应接动名词形式,即of preparing。
. q+ b2 B+ D$ j3 W8 s' {2 Q (2) Most crickets have two pairs of fally developed wings, and mascular hind legs for iump. (94.1)
1 d4 K( V" |$ _9 G( \& p4 j$ h [答案] D 动名原形jamp位于介词for后面,故应改为动句词jamping。) P8 i+ ~0 b0 F- Q. A. ?3 s
(3) Because it is a healthful way to exercise derobic dancing is considered an excellent method for release tension. (93.1)+ V9 e( y: K% ~( \5 R! @+ T( V. G
[答案] D 动名词原形release位于介词for后面,故应改为动名词releasing。
3 G( w. I# y8 W+ v: n! T8 Z (4) The Cubist movement in art was reaction against traditional methods of portray reality. (90.5)# e8 I$ `5 g w% A* {8 z
[答案] C 动词原形portray应改为动名词portraying即作前面介词of的宾语,自身又带宾语reality。 |