冠词作限定词8 j, \- C' ?8 |( {7 G* S3 [
冠词是一个虚词，本身不能够独立使用， 必须和一个名词连用。TOEFL出题主要集中在a和an的区别，那些地方要加the那些地方不加。
# k" H# y: S! Z+ ?7 R1 C 考点一 不定冠词a / an
6 Y: c7 o6 A2 o2 n5 r: Y+ k& ? 不定冠词a和an后面当然接单数，a和an 的主要区别是:
6 A# W' F5 s, f% h- |5 Y( ~ a 用于以辅音开头的名词前(指发音而不是拼写), 如: a tower, a university $ `: z M3 @7 K) G6 y! t
an用于以元音开头的名词前(指发音而不是拼写), 如: an orange, an hour
: o R% T: W# { 不定冠词a / an与可数名词单数连用, 表示泛指 “一个”、 “某一个”, 有时还可代表一类人或事物. 在作表语或同位语的可数名词单数前一般都要加不定冠词(除非名词前已有物主代词作限定语, 如my pen).
4 q0 p+ O. ~8 B6 | j. W/ M 例题:
# @' H! Z. b' n# } (1) $ N. _- `) E: |( j' | ^
How Native Americans developed corn is a puzzling, for no wild corn has ever been discovered, and it grows only where people plant and tend it. ; g! t! r9 N- [/ m4 j1 Y$ D7 u
应改为: puzzle.
' ]7 Q7 @- J @& r4 i 解释: 不定冠词a应与可数名词单数连用, puzzling是分词, 不能单独与a 连用, 故改为名词puzzle , k1 G" }5 x5 {4 J; l, d: q
(2) 9 `, o; l+ |6 V3 ^ D. |
Whether a healthy adult tends to feel hungry two, three, or four times a daily is a question of physiology and of culture. ' q- }8 {) |# V9 _# P5 u
应改为: day ' ^7 B0 {+ S% q, n: P' o8 T* b6 {8 j9 I
解释: 不定冠词a应与可数名词单数连用, 而daily是形容词, 不能单独与a连用, 故改为 名词day ( d2 b, B3 D7 Q2 k3 V
(3)
$ o3 H1 H# S8 o! d+ |; C- T Pewter, a metal with an ancient heritage, is still practical medium for the nonprofessional metal worker.
: E3 e% O# p# e8 d+ a 应改为: still a practical 1 C5 R& O# ?8 U" e
解释: medium是可数名词, 在句中作表语, 其单数之前应该用不定冠词 0 W! X3 c0 r3 G+ G( j9 e- V4 ^
a, an的误用是TOEFL常见的改错题型 # V9 a6 E" v7 b' K, T$ n- u$ i
例题:
. f' X7 r" m; Q' u# p0 I (1) 7 @3 f, n( y. _0 ~5 i+ L& d; M
A emotion is not necessarily aroused by something in the outside world. j. Y% }( }- P2 K5 q
应改为: An emotion 1 R# g2 t, d. `4 l' p0 M1 S* Q7 t5 Q; ]
解释: emotion是元音开头的名词, 前面的冠词应用an
, ^& C I8 T, c' D2 }% l (2)
# S9 ^; G' K, m7 W If a atom loses any of its electrons, it becomes positively charged and can combine chemically with other atoms. 2 \0 V$ O& Q X0 S- q
应改为: an atom ; U' o* c( z. i/ p$ t
解释: atom是元音开头的名词, 前面的冠词应用an |
发表于 2012-8-14 23:32:39
