冠词作限定词
/ I) A$ ?( M* C4 x/ a& B 冠词是一个虚词，本身不能够独立使用， 必须和一个名词连用。TOEFL出题主要集中在a和an的区别，那些地方要加the那些地方不加。 % Y' K" G! y& t+ e! G2 m Q: }
考点一 不定冠词a / an ^$ q7 N8 ?$ T- W7 Z5 f) t
不定冠词a和an后面当然接单数，a和an 的主要区别是:
& a6 \# j) j; @1 y a 用于以辅音开头的名词前(指发音而不是拼写), 如: a tower, a university
7 b; L" s! \4 d7 M an用于以元音开头的名词前(指发音而不是拼写), 如: an orange, an hour / r$ e8 u4 m# a3 {0 g6 N. d1 \
不定冠词a / an与可数名词单数连用, 表示泛指 “一个”、 “某一个”, 有时还可代表一类人或事物. 在作表语或同位语的可数名词单数前一般都要加不定冠词(除非名词前已有物主代词作限定语, 如my pen). & ~5 i7 N" [: n2 [) I }" V
例题:
4 P% W# f% p+ Z (1) 7 U7 S8 x4 g" `: T; J
How Native Americans developed corn is a puzzling, for no wild corn has ever been discovered, and it grows only where people plant and tend it. 2 _) K8 u+ r; ^- \3 z) _1 M
应改为: puzzle. & P5 B$ E. S' e' U! c
解释: 不定冠词a应与可数名词单数连用, puzzling是分词, 不能单独与a 连用, 故改为名词puzzle ' ^$ F p: f2 f/ j; q. @, ~
(2)
8 S: B5 p, z* ?2 R2 V7 o4 { F" w9 ^ Whether a healthy adult tends to feel hungry two, three, or four times a daily is a question of physiology and of culture. " W6 C( `0 Z) p) w! c$ L5 f" m! v* ?
应改为: day 4 t! q4 D3 v3 F2 i# X: `; H# o9 ?
解释: 不定冠词a应与可数名词单数连用, 而daily是形容词, 不能单独与a连用, 故改为 名词day
5 e. C5 P: A. f" Z) O# W (3)
' v3 a/ L! j' }3 ~ Pewter, a metal with an ancient heritage, is still practical medium for the nonprofessional metal worker. " `4 ^+ \, l7 d {1 j" z
应改为: still a practical
% i- Y& |1 n+ h0 z$ w 解释: medium是可数名词, 在句中作表语, 其单数之前应该用不定冠词
* P/ S- h% s, c g7 ^% O4 a( c a, an的误用是TOEFL常见的改错题型
5 v3 a- ^5 R) S9 o: t 例题:
6 a4 S5 V1 D( S4 ]; X (1) ! L/ ?- v: J- B* K/ M3 q
A emotion is not necessarily aroused by something in the outside world.
$ g2 i5 b2 P- o4 _0 _ C4 S 应改为: An emotion . {! p8 A1 P- B0 }; Y) L- x
解释: emotion是元音开头的名词, 前面的冠词应用an 7 }9 d" ~3 M2 |/ m/ p1 U
(2)
( k1 H' E: c1 }' d4 b2 B If a atom loses any of its electrons, it becomes positively charged and can combine chemically with other atoms.
3 y" J7 ?) {/ O2 o/ W+ G; q9 [4 E3 d 应改为: an atom ) B+ v) D9 B7 u; O- i" H
解释: atom是元音开头的名词, 前面的冠词应用an |
发表于 2012-8-14 23:32:39
