托福考试辅导：语法讲解（34）

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第三节 动名词
动名词是动词的特殊形式，拼写类似现在分词，用法类似名词，具有与二者均不同的特点：动名词可作动词或介词宾语（分词不行）之后可以再接宾语（名词不行），它兼备了动词和名词的功能，故称作动名词
考点一 动名词作宾语
1． 许多动词不能接不定式作宾语，同时又需要动宾结构作宾语，此时动名词便可大显身手了，如：enjoy singing（喜欢唱歌）,
, O1 I- S. J* Z3 vavoid looking me in the eye
  i* X/ `% A2 p$ A3 {3 t1 Kmiss crashing into the tree
Fancy meeting you here! (想不到在这里见到你了)
8 Z7 d2 S) r7 I2 F常接动名词doing做宾语的动词有：
enjoy, mind, delay, avoid, consider, deny, miss, escape, fancy, suggest, insist等
另外, 在一些固定用法当中, 也需要用动名词做宾语, 如:
) p7 t* X$ R& q& `9 h5 K6 bcan't help doing, it's no use doing, it's worth doing, be busy doing, feel like doing等.
2. 有的动词既可以用动名词作宾语，也可以用不定式，两者意思区别不大, 如: like, begin, start, love, learn等,
如: She began playing piano when she was five.
  She began to play piano when she was five.
但是对于remember, forget, try等动词来说，接不定式和接动名词意义不同, 如:
$ O) _% n- F+ G9 ]8 LHow many people remember listening to the radio broadcast, "The War of the Worlds"
(还有多少人记得听过无线广播-- The War of the Worlds)  (表示已经听过了)
% ]# O' f- f0 ]2 [& k% n; lI remember to listen to the radio broadcast, "The War of the Worlds"
(我想起来要听广播-- The War of the Worlds)  (表示还没有听过)
5 n! ?% Q3 g" s0 j& uWe must try to work this problem out. (我们必须尽力把这道题做出来)（表示努力，设法）
, B6 Y$ h4 x8 v) N. aWe can try doing it. (我们可以试着做它) （表示尝试）
动名词作介词宾语的情况更加普遍，详见第四章介词-介宾短语
" Y+ {/ r, N: h5 d- `例题：
(1)
A mortgage enables a person to buy property without paying for it outright; thus more people are able to enjoy to own a house.
  n6 h4 d8 a" n# ]; x应改为：owning
解释：enjoy doing是固定用法，必须用动名词作enjoy的宾语