托福考试辅导：语法讲解（34）

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第三节 动名词
! O" A- @# a) `3 `3 S. V/ R: T动名词是动词的特殊形式，拼写类似现在分词，用法类似名词，具有与二者均不同的特点：动名词可作动词或介词宾语（分词不行）之后可以再接宾语（名词不行），它兼备了动词和名词的功能，故称作动名词
考点一 动名词作宾语
$ B$ ]4 h  Q5 q! _' Q1． 许多动词不能接不定式作宾语，同时又需要动宾结构作宾语，此时动名词便可大显身手了，如：enjoy singing（喜欢唱歌）,
avoid looking me in the eye
4 C) ~3 ^" f  u8 F) [miss crashing into the tree
Fancy meeting you here! (想不到在这里见到你了)
常接动名词doing做宾语的动词有：
enjoy, mind, delay, avoid, consider, deny, miss, escape, fancy, suggest, insist等
& T8 u- }) w% }/ Z; d1 E! k另外, 在一些固定用法当中, 也需要用动名词做宾语, 如:
can't help doing, it's no use doing, it's worth doing, be busy doing, feel like doing等.
: ]2 c& y, ]+ [" }2. 有的动词既可以用动名词作宾语，也可以用不定式，两者意思区别不大, 如: like, begin, start, love, learn等,
0 s# ~) G2 q2 J. g如: She began playing piano when she was five.
, F" X3 N& `* O- O& f* F  She began to play piano when she was five.
但是对于remember, forget, try等动词来说，接不定式和接动名词意义不同, 如:
How many people remember listening to the radio broadcast, "The War of the Worlds"
& Z- h4 o8 J" [5 A4 G! t- h8 ?4 `(还有多少人记得听过无线广播-- The War of the Worlds)  (表示已经听过了)
I remember to listen to the radio broadcast, "The War of the Worlds"
5 d, X: l2 ~0 O: @6 T5 v) Q& x- l(我想起来要听广播-- The War of the Worlds)  (表示还没有听过)
We must try to work this problem out. (我们必须尽力把这道题做出来)（表示努力，设法）
( g5 B% M9 d9 S9 aWe can try doing it. (我们可以试着做它) （表示尝试）
- ~* J% I+ L1 a6 r. d0 K4 c动名词作介词宾语的情况更加普遍，详见第四章介词-介宾短语
0 v7 w: Z5 l8 O2 M! G例题：
(1)
! H0 E" U: d% U. ~A mortgage enables a person to buy property without paying for it outright; thus more people are able to enjoy to own a house.
应改为：owning
+ v8 I( @8 o- V  ]( S解释：enjoy doing是固定用法，必须用动名词作enjoy的宾语