托福考试辅导：语法讲解（34）

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第三节 动名词
动名词是动词的特殊形式，拼写类似现在分词，用法类似名词，具有与二者均不同的特点：动名词可作动词或介词宾语（分词不行）之后可以再接宾语（名词不行），它兼备了动词和名词的功能，故称作动名词
- H, H! `6 d. D6 Z8 @  I# Y考点一 动名词作宾语
1． 许多动词不能接不定式作宾语，同时又需要动宾结构作宾语，此时动名词便可大显身手了，如：enjoy singing（喜欢唱歌）,
avoid looking me in the eye
- K2 b, G' X1 `" {  t8 Nmiss crashing into the tree
Fancy meeting you here! (想不到在这里见到你了)
. {8 y2 S0 _3 l  ]6 O- M" t常接动名词doing做宾语的动词有：
. ^* e/ M) h5 I- H$ O, ]enjoy, mind, delay, avoid, consider, deny, miss, escape, fancy, suggest, insist等
! [$ u2 v" n' s$ K+ e) Q' n5 v另外, 在一些固定用法当中, 也需要用动名词做宾语, 如:
$ u' D' j2 k8 ?$ r: _; Q, M( ?  p. Kcan't help doing, it's no use doing, it's worth doing, be busy doing, feel like doing等.
" }9 c$ k1 H8 T1 J  O- F$ A2. 有的动词既可以用动名词作宾语，也可以用不定式，两者意思区别不大, 如: like, begin, start, love, learn等,
如: She began playing piano when she was five.
  She began to play piano when she was five.
) X4 H  t3 L2 F5 ]但是对于remember, forget, try等动词来说，接不定式和接动名词意义不同, 如:
How many people remember listening to the radio broadcast, "The War of the Worlds"
/ ^) T4 n* T& p% v(还有多少人记得听过无线广播-- The War of the Worlds)  (表示已经听过了)
I remember to listen to the radio broadcast, "The War of the Worlds"
0 l+ h# e- j- |1 v1 W4 I(我想起来要听广播-- The War of the Worlds)  (表示还没有听过)
% x* D6 }8 b2 n( xWe must try to work this problem out. (我们必须尽力把这道题做出来)（表示努力，设法）
We can try doing it. (我们可以试着做它) （表示尝试）
) B* G& G8 m! z2 I' i$ S动名词作介词宾语的情况更加普遍，详见第四章介词-介宾短语
例题：
/ l" x3 }# E; v0 B(1)
A mortgage enables a person to buy property without paying for it outright; thus more people are able to enjoy to own a house.
应改为：owning
解释：enjoy doing是固定用法，必须用动名词作enjoy的宾语