复合句是TOEEL考题的基本句子结构,因而连接主句和从句的连接词就成为重要的命题焦点。TOEEL常考的从属连词分三类:(1)关系代词( that, which ,what who. Whose) (2) 关系副词(where when why how) (3) 状语从句连接词 (where, when, if, though, because…) 有关从属连词的试题大部分集中在Structure (1-15题中) 掌握命题规律,这类题目并不复杂。从属连词常考题型及解题要点! \3 ]( T/ I$ t& j3 u
1. 主句与从句之间必须有从属连词
2 D9 Y6 J4 t: j, p 全真例题分析
. e/ m4 Z: U, |' c (1)The spiral threads of a spider*s web have a sticky substance on them ------- insects.
+ d9 v% j5 w& ~# U4 y (A) traps
. {" w% l- ?. s; ^! H9 v (B) trap its
1 X; {7 c2 R0 X; m9 F (C) which traps9 h0 q$ N* S+ B. F y. H: O
(D) which it traps (92.1)6 q. p4 \7 E# l, u5 {. R" A/ l
[答案] C 定语从句关系代词which引导从句,且在从句中作主语。- x, d& o5 [/ B
(2)Angiosperms inhabit relatively diverse environments and may be found ------- higher plants can survive.- ]$ `6 D# z6 z8 J
(A) there
, X$ ` g1 Z7 Y6 G# Q% ~ (B) wherever0 q# ~% p1 }+ Z& q
(C) somewhere3 d2 `1 z+ B/ I) u
(D) then (92.5)" `) U1 g% O7 A. B2 n/ W2 H
[答案] B 空格前后为两个完整的句子,这里应填入连接词联系主从两句。四个选择只有wherever是连词,引导地点状语从句。
, x+ `) J/ W- B; Y (3)Duke Wellington was a composer. Conductor, and pianist ------ ranked as one of the greatest of all jazz figures.7 P7 p$ l; ~3 Y' ^
(A) him
2 f; x9 |/ [8 g9 h6 b' x (B) although$ p9 L; T5 z; B! N7 n. @5 D: n
(C) or$ d; V4 t: D. D E& K& m
(D) who (92.10)
3 |( j! b+ q" h$ q [" S7 A) t [答案] D 关系代词who引导定语从句,并作从句的主语。5 W7 U1 L6 S2 N2 q7 D* Q
(4)-------. Some of the Earth*s interior heat escapes to the surface.. [- Z3 S; D# t: {
(A) A volcano erupts
' x l; e. u* H! s6 N8 ? (B) A volcano whether erupts
3 J8 G7 D" @0 B9 Y) k) c (C) A volcano erupts it. Z9 V' g3 i& W; M
(D) If a volcano erupts (93.5)
4 d$ c, H9 \ D) V* k [答案] D 从属连词引导条件状语从句。
; T. t: _; c5 c 2. 关系代词 who与which混淆错用
5 w1 i: x9 j9 e8 W 解题要点:在written Expression (16-40题)中的四个选择答案中出现who 或者which,应确认它所指代的是人还是物。2 d& \ M% D4 O* `& f5 t
全直例题分析
: }7 ?2 ^" U( I# B; D) { (1)Fossil remains indicate that squidlike creatures called belemnites swam in the sea who covered the North American continent 70 million years ago. (94.5)
% C* S0 Z- L9 |: n- U [答案] C 关系代词who指代的是sea,因此应用指物的which或that。
Z* _# T* c$ M+ t (2)Vaccines for some rare diseases are given only to persons which risk exposure to the disease. (93.1)
: ~" i3 {9 l, z, ~ [答案] B 关系代词which指代前面的persons,应改为人称关系代词who。+ u! ]& c$ D9 v# ^2 D) g5 L
(3)Anne Elizabeth McDowell is best remembered for a weekly journal, the Woman*s Advocate, who she launched in January 1855. (91.8)9 l9 ^9 o; S5 m+ F5 @. s" F# T- Z# t& i
[答案] D 关系代词who指代杂志the woman*s Advocate,故应改为which。
& i; e# T" H# ^$ N& Z( M (4) The attorney general of the United States advises the President on any questions of law who may arise in the conduct of administrative affairs. (90.10)
@; P. b2 h6 H, Z [答案] B 关系代词who指代前文的questions of law,故应改为which或that。4 l7 U4 {+ V) t, y1 `! ? S5 k
3. 介词+关系代词which结构转自:考试网 - [Examw.Com]) L' f3 |3 |0 U+ M
解题要点 介词+which作用相当于一个关系副词,在从句作状语。可表示时间(=when) ,地点(= where) ,原因(=why)等等。
t$ d" x# S W7 ^! I+ z 全真例题分析. J5 m5 m' g8 g+ A" a9 }6 s
(1) In reorganizing the curriculum of Mt. Holyoke College in the late 1800*s Elizabeth Mead laid the foundation ------- the modern college rests.
! z: }( _6 G: e& F6 g) z; ]% E (A) is which
6 v7 }( ^4 H; D1 G U4 d (B) on which
4 ^, j+ V! C5 C; J# W3 _5 s (C) which is on
/ [. l7 C" Z0 h (D) on it (91.1)
3 K4 i* R5 z1 V+ N [答案] B on which 指代on the foundation ,作用相当于一个表示地点的关系副词。- s. I) d5 ^1 A0 y, ]5 ?$ \
(2) A circuit may be defined as a closed path ------- electricity can How.9 ^+ V o7 {0 i {: u' C
(A) through it0 q5 Q5 w/ l% }: J1 S& Q
(B) through which" Z3 j! e1 o* ?- F
(C) that is through9 W9 \' D$ Q1 o2 l
(D) there goes through (93.3)& O2 W! U3 l3 n! C
[答案] B through which 指代through the circuit, 作用相当于一个关系副词,而介词through才能准确地表达句子的含义。8 p( t$ e. x2 Q* `0 F
(3) The extent of the harmful effect of locoweeds on animals depends on the soil ------- the plants grow.
{( [$ b* e h/ X/ { (A) which B/ w" [8 K5 ~7 B
(B) which in L: W0 ]( B0 U3 S
(C) in which
. p0 p# S1 J* _# m5 l (D) in (90.5)
5 e* f0 J% e6 A1 S, B# g( K [答案] C in which = where* t( Z4 H* C- _* b/ {
(4) Adhesives, such as glue, tape and gum, vary with the purpose ------- intended.* p" x; ~% G1 c) L
(A) they were for
# p; [: i0 `& x8 y9 C- J (B) for they were1 I: K/ [! m5 z% j U0 |: Y# d8 `+ h
(C) which were they
1 }* G3 a: Z1 u0 e! U9 ^# x (D) for which they were (93.10)
8 u( _- k4 B) l# m* R [答案] D for which指代for the purpose。 |