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[托福语法] 托福语法指导:情态动词+have+过去分词

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发表于 2012-8-14 23:32:39 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
1) may(might) have + done sth, can (could) have + done sth 表示过去,推测过去时间里可能发生的事情。例如:
: z. v( q  ~- c% ?4 B* x    Philip may (might) have been hurt seriously in the car accident. 菲力浦可能在车祸中受了重伤。" Z( n  h& I3 ]3 R  s
    Philip can (could) have been hurt seriously in the car accident.  B2 m) [  F2 t$ r& v
    2) must have +done sth,对过去时间里可能发生的事情的推测,语气较强,具有"肯定","谅必"的意思。例如:/ p+ m2 W) F. l, ?" {
    ——Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is still here. 琳达已经去上班了,但她的单车还在这儿。" i) O. x2 O0 A! i, y# o7 C6 b; G
    ——She must have gone by bus.肯定乘巴士去的。
! a' X5 |/ u) Y- J0 V3 p( s% Q3 L1 v    3) ought to have done sth, should have done sth表示本应该做某事,而事实上并没有做。否定句表示"不该做某事而做了".例如:
* n! C2 \! ]6 x8 B5 l: q    You ought to (should) have been more careful in this experiment. 你当时在做试验时应该更仔细点。
, z) Z' H* g0 M7 A; {    He ought not to have thrown the old clothes away.他不该把旧衣服扔了。(事实上已扔了。)
1 ?6 A9 E) J" m# l- F5 j3 c! a8 K    ought to 在语气上比should 要强。9 G  b# v+ p$ k  r7 |. i, @/ y
    4) needn't have done sth表示本没必要做某事,但做了。例如:
, F6 V! ~( f% f( p    I dressed very warmly for the trip, but I needn't have done so. The weather was hot.+ [+ n! R; q6 g- |
    旅行时,我衣服穿得较多,其实没有必要。那时天很热。
! B  M. ^( n. ]3 _/ }  T. ~% E    5) would like to have done sth表示本打算做某事,但没做。例如:" C% @7 N- |2 \* C: w
    I would like to have read the article, but I was very busy then. 我想读这篇文章,但太忙了一直没读。
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