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[托福语法] 托福语法指导:情态动词+have+过去分词

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发表于 2012-8-14 23:32:39 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
1) may(might) have + done sth, can (could) have + done sth 表示过去,推测过去时间里可能发生的事情。例如:. W" n/ ~  j2 V5 b: K* n, D, b3 D
    Philip may (might) have been hurt seriously in the car accident. 菲力浦可能在车祸中受了重伤。  a! @) A) Z2 w5 |9 N6 ]% g9 [0 `
    Philip can (could) have been hurt seriously in the car accident.% i: |; b! S5 N
    2) must have +done sth,对过去时间里可能发生的事情的推测,语气较强,具有"肯定","谅必"的意思。例如:
- N3 E7 u' e6 d  E    ——Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is still here. 琳达已经去上班了,但她的单车还在这儿。
/ q* {# L. K# w$ s3 J    ——She must have gone by bus.肯定乘巴士去的。
" u6 ?4 F% ~" i: D3 Q    3) ought to have done sth, should have done sth表示本应该做某事,而事实上并没有做。否定句表示"不该做某事而做了".例如:
1 u: r( J% a7 v    You ought to (should) have been more careful in this experiment. 你当时在做试验时应该更仔细点。
3 j! `% f! ?1 i+ K, `    He ought not to have thrown the old clothes away.他不该把旧衣服扔了。(事实上已扔了。)+ ~- p# A3 g) k/ @4 L- T$ C  X
    ought to 在语气上比should 要强。) X9 `2 o" ~8 n7 J: x9 N
    4) needn't have done sth表示本没必要做某事,但做了。例如:1 `) a9 n0 Z' t* @6 d( h' C+ D% U
    I dressed very warmly for the trip, but I needn't have done so. The weather was hot.% H) b. Y4 A5 f# J! f
    旅行时,我衣服穿得较多,其实没有必要。那时天很热。3 x! G2 x; @, M" f5 K; D" h
    5) would like to have done sth表示本打算做某事,但没做。例如:6 n% T" p% E5 T& A. i/ a
    I would like to have read the article, but I was very busy then. 我想读这篇文章,但太忙了一直没读。
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