(5)反译:在不少情况下,有的介词短语如不从反面着笔,译文就不通,这时必须反译。如:6 K' h) L" D2 v5 X' } d" S. I) u9 o
①beyond, past,against等表示超过某限度的能力或反对时,其短语有时用反译法。如:
1 A+ X9 t: @0 f It is post repair.这东西无法修补了。9 A6 K) |3 q$ a% R# B, n" l; k1 e* f
There are some arguments against the possibility of life on this planet.有些论据不同意这行星上可能有生物。5 m0 ~8 F. s/ V3 g% T
Radio telescopes have been able to probe space beyond the range of ordinary optical telescopes.射电望远镜已能探测普通光学望远镜达不到的宇宙空间。) A: d: e$ N% R, Z% @
②off, from等表示地点,距离时,有时有反译法。如:
{7 M& ?# H1 }, G The boat sank off the coast。这只船在离海岸不远处沉没了。
; v: V" ^, L& r/ e, m% S ③but,except,besides等表示除去、除外时,有时用反译法。) h- X7 p6 q! v8 _2 q9 j
Copper is the best conductor but silver.铜是仅次于银的最优导体。1 O) z3 n% o c; ~$ ^8 E$ u% C
The mdelecular formula, C6H14, does not show anything except the total number of carbon and hydrogen atoms。分子式C6H14只用来表示碳原子和氢原子的总数。8 Y/ D0 ?2 L$ {+ V
④from,in等介词短语作补足语时,有时用反译法。如:9 C( z7 `# S0 X& H, {3 | u6 k7 C' W
An iron case will keep the Earths magnetic field away from the compass.铁箱能使地球磁场影响不了指南针。
( X+ L/ R' w; |' X: L" i0 p! y5 G The signal was shown about the machine being order。信号表明机器设有毛病。. s T7 h9 i+ Y5 h2 N% [
一个词脱离上下文是不能翻译的(索伯列夫),没有上下文就没有词义。介词的翻译须根据上下文和词的搭配灵活处理,切忌作对号入座的机械翻译。 |