surging—— To increase suddenly. Used of electric current or voltage猛增=accelerating
9 ]! m- O' W H& Z6 ]* x surpass—— To be or go beyond, as in degree or quality; exceed胜过=exceed, outrun
1 Y4 ~* ?( X/ B3 t/ Y( \- K1 U- ~ sustain—— To keep in existence; maintain继续生存;维持=maintain
7 j/ S. Z: s* C8 w9 B# u sustenance—— Something, especially food, that sustains life or health营养物,尤指食物=fare Food and drink; diet食物和饮料
" w/ T1 j/ y5 v z3 }+ I, `4 k% A/ o5 P1 P Means of livelihood生计=livelihood r* i- B5 T2 c8 m7 v3 r+ z+ L, _
supplement——Something added to complete a thing, make up for a deficiency, or extend or strengthen the whole补充物,用来完成某事、补充不足、扩展或加强=extension
9 z5 Y$ k+ U* b' [ An addition that increases the area, influence, operation, or contents of something扩大
4 x7 ]4 }9 f1 ]7 L supreme——Greatest in importance, degree, significance, character, or achievement最重要的=outstanding' x& T, w f$ V3 e+ b/ g6 f" c
succinct——Characterized by clear, precise expression in few words; concise and terse简明的=concise
2 v" q4 b3 P5 s( G% r9 i sufficient——Being as much as is needed充足的=adequate2 w7 d) X3 y/ [# g% u
sumptuous——Of a size or splendor suggesting great expense; lavish豪华的;花费奢侈的=luxurious
9 Q8 _/ x K% c# X5 X% B substantial——Considerable in importance, value, degree, amount, or extent有重大价值的=considerable Worthy of consideration; significant重要的
% v+ u( D- r+ c substitute——One that takes the place of another; a replacement代用品=replacement, in place of代替+ v" c: x! y8 W( ]5 d5 P" C, P3 N1 E
subsidize——To assist or support with a subsidy以津贴补助=finance To supply funds to给…提供资金: B3 N& P5 I0 ^/ t
subtle——So slight as to be difficult to detect or analyze; elusive纤细的,细小的=slight
, Z! h+ D* Q6 ~. Q) o' b, ] submit——提出,提交=present提出;呈递
" N4 ]3 V: ^! S) \ subsidy——Monetary assistance granted by a government to a person orsgroupsin support of an enterprise regarded as being in the public interest补助金=financing融通资金) ^2 L5 P; |- k6 z! F
subject to ——在……条件下;易受……的侵袭;受控制=expose to, susceptible to
6 e" R9 a; {' q! d+ g stretch——A continuous or unbroken length, area, or expanse连续不断的长度,地区或空间=span The extent or measure of space between two points or extremities, as of a bridge or roof; the breadth跨度两点或两端间的空间$ o& v9 L. l3 `# [2 L1 o
strike——To engage in a strike against an employer罢工=walkout& o4 y( \5 ]6 M' @
To come to; attain来到;到达= make contact with
{4 i) `& d( b! ~5 z s striking—— Arresting the attention and producing a vivid impression on the sight or the mind.惹人注目的=prominent Immediately noticeable; conspicuous显眼的/ C" l$ e1 ]6 l9 \2 r/ y* W
stringent—— Imposing rigorous standards of performance; severe严格的=strict4 e$ d) d8 `2 X C- B$ I
stimulus—— Something that incites or rouses to action; an incentive激发物=motivate
+ X: h' r% p$ F( P7 j7 q% \ strain ——To pull, draw, or stretch tight拉紧=tension The act or process of stretching something tight拉紧7 l) S# Y" I) N& ~( p$ X
stationary—— Not capable of being moved; fixed不能被移动的;固定的=fixed, immobile
# }) X( R) |& q, A9 h. Y% Z$ a3 X5 ? status——Position relative to that of others; standing地位=standing% }- E) e+ z: L
sticky——shavingsthe property of adhering or sticking to a surface; adhesive粘的=adhere, cement
) O, z& d4 A, e+ n. f8 F staple—— A basic or principal element or feature主要成分,基本成分=basic element: i1 k7 e( w7 C3 a* q/ M. P; V+ A- G
squirt—— To issue forth in a thin forceful stream or jet; spurt喷=spurt out v.喷出
' |2 @3 v g H/ e5 n staggering—— Causing great astonishment, amazement, or dismay; overwhelming令人大为吃惊、惊讶或沮丧的;使束手无策的=overwhelming6 K, c9 K+ M* B5 f) m1 {
spur—— To incite or stimulate刺激,鞭策=stimulate5 a% o9 Z u) K) L
speculate about—— To assume to be true without conclusive evidence推测=hypothesize To assert as a hypothesis假设$ ?9 q0 \1 d5 K( e+ L( @1 k1 U# {
spinal——Of, relating to, or situated near the spine or spinal cord; vertebral脊柱的=backbone5 |/ M( ?" H9 I0 ?
spark—— To set in motion; activate发动;触发=bring about引起;致使;造成;达成
9 Q. F8 a6 k' e7 K spawn—— To give rise to; engender造成;使产生=create$ |1 A" K6 ^$ y b( E
solemn—— Deeply earnest, serious, and sober庄严的,极认真的,严肃的=serious
: r4 b+ c- o- w7 T b* V slope——declivity A downward slope, as of a hill斜坡
* y7 I3 N2 }* h smother—— To suffocate (another)使窒息=eliminate To get rid of; remove消灭;消除, M2 K" t7 S; t- B
snap—— To pull apart or break with a snapping sound折断=break f& A z3 u# g- _( D. {
signify—— To denote; mean表示…的意思=denote
3 R" ~$ y( k) ^) Z( h
& a5 k" q6 {# M3 ? simultaneously——同时存在[发生]地=concurrently同时发生的,并存的;合作的 |