一、理论知识
. g9 Q; Y! z& q) Y 1. 直译法
8 r$ A% o& h$ [ honeymoon\mad cow disease\hot line\ talk show\gene therapy\chain reaction! x8 y/ r7 [& u' }$ m8 p* v
bull‘s eye
- E6 }. J, Z7 X6 T8 S8 y% a bicycle people
% E; U8 }; a" i* `+ ]$ z9 w* P; B milky way! M2 z9 M8 Q* u) \ O; I! }! B) S
靶心、骑自行车的人、银河, z! @8 _# H; ?& m! j
2. 意译- L# O1 R- Y" G4 d; t/ r
as timid as hare 胆小如兔
0 z e* r4 n" W& c8 D. u2 d day student 白天的学生- ~2 M7 ^( o( p; k* B: \( y G
in the dark 在黑暗中/ v8 U+ i7 r1 h. Y
cash crops 现金庄稼* h; a& }7 `, j ?1 x
胆小如鼠、走读生、一无所知、经济作物
* q& k' b3 E9 H* _$ W He had one foot in the grave.: z. O$ g8 U/ p3 Y
他已经有一只脚踏进坟墓了# X. F0 c3 q0 \, U; t
他已经是风烛残年了
" P3 ~' W$ K; R! J* f5 } The medicinal herb helps a cough.% M: \4 U( e6 w- t1 e( }
这种草药帮助咳嗽* `' I- c- R: k5 x; x M. F6 z
这种草药可以治疗咳嗽
2 X: G1 [4 i% h7 t# I4 L 理解、表达(直译结合意译)、校对
5 ^% r$ H0 J5 j' [% j 二、词
" n: A* ~4 r# a: m# ] 1. 根据词性确定词义
U! V% T& Z8 n% u- P The earth is not completely round.
6 F9 H3 }. Z$ N) c1 l8 Y. P Let‘s go into the hall and have a look round.
9 D( s+ j. z% a3 X They are dancing in a round.3 r% x1 p! B: V2 W" K+ g
He worked round the day.2 B0 ?2 P5 V* D& K; x2 h9 V+ @
The boy‘s eyes rounded with excitement.$ p8 ]- C; @( [7 D: {1 G
圆的 形容词1 w% c9 V0 H* c9 D8 c9 i- N; z
转一转 副词
3 `3 T! }: N( |. T" N' x7 S 一圈 名词* l4 a$ ^+ Y8 ~& L( {
一整天 介词
1 O S0 K5 b$ M% N" F 睁得圆圆的 动词
3 Z N6 F3 @% e( b& K 2. 根据上下文确定词义! ?& E' ~ y" w# M9 @2 y
The story of their sufferings moved us deeply./ B3 c5 `) H1 q9 e
Work on the new building is moving quickly.
6 r. V3 A0 o: D# n The government‘s opinions on this matter haven’t moved.
8 x3 P. M) a7 H% v; p She moves in the highest circles of society.
% [3 j! w. V( v! ^. t1 a, [" J) R7 b Unless the employers move quickly, there will be strike.8 h6 A2 F/ h; v0 a w0 {
打动
( |. D' z- [- x B6 J' G1 p 进展: D4 E4 w; j% a) p3 q/ S
改变
8 q7 N+ `! V' r2 B. T& K# |) x. A 生活0 N/ u7 Y5 D0 M& |8 O
采取措施
, Y/ e5 z% k+ V( b8 m; c1 y 3. 根据汉语表达习惯确定词义) r8 I6 ^1 `3 c1 n S S1 s: `2 Z6 t" W
I think your suggestion will work.5 d }) V# W( s
The new treatment works like magic.
' S! O# g/ H+ r- n$ Y My watch doesn‘t work.
6 h) S" N) ]; [6 i( ^- a! k The sea works high.$ X5 X6 X3 `% T1 w# o3 M
She worked her way to the front.4 g; s1 ^: y6 v9 Y5 Z/ H8 ~9 e' R
The new regulation is working well.
- s/ _ b3 J( i3 R" a6 q4 o 行得通
( \$ K* M+ K! `5 }# g7 Q 疗效/ A( T+ O3 S( B/ o
走
4 C4 ?$ ]3 W9 f 汹涌起伏- c8 T, Z; t# g# a( F i
挤到
6 c3 U- r: ?9 ` 执行9 t* ?: S# r. g( h$ Z$ u
4. 通过抽象化加以引申0 |$ d: U7 K* D2 y9 }9 J7 Z
They have their smiles and tears.
% H( D8 C+ V) E1 b 微笑和眼泪& e+ S* w: K9 B) B
We insist that international trade should not be a one-way street.7 W: @# a' r( Z0 L# M! I* o
单行道8 X4 ^! v. C- G1 A' ~; N
I have no head for mathematics.; X; m& h' Q8 ~8 J
没有头脑# R7 y2 E+ Z. a' q) l
欢乐与悲哀1 a4 M1 l' s& i+ c
有来无往8 g3 z) s/ n7 f
没有天赋
% ?8 x( @7 N3 r2 N6 U( P3 \ 5. 通过具体化加以引申
( A* g; M- X8 B, L1 G) r The car in front of me stopped, and I missed the green.& Q. H+ q1 D9 ~) y1 m4 Q: ^
绿色 绿灯6 b* m Q) A0 v: E) G& V+ X* g
Perhaps the only trouble with copper is that it is not hard enough for some uses.
- ^" C- N1 W. E 麻烦 缺点
2 m- c1 `1 a: U7 p 6. 增加原文中省略的部分6 i8 g; N( V4 m' v- L! H
Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; writing an exact man. A fool and his words are soon parted; a man of genius and his money.
; [, w% T# g& r4 w/ i( L) B Without a sense of your fault, how can repentance an amendment be expected?
6 O/ y, o$ U# Z Students should learn from teachers and vice versa.
0 `' Q) t+ c; D; q, D3 d( T 读书使人充实,讨论使人机智,写作使人准确
3 Q; m! @3 @0 L( a 愚人会很快忘记说过的话,智者会很快放弃手里的钱
: Y8 {* }- ^; w7 w' J 如果你对自己的错误都不能认识到,怎么能指望你悔改呢
% T4 p. W- q- K6 m0 _" [' F \- U 学生应该向老师学习,老师也应该向学生学习, j) B; M8 O% X
7. 从语法角度去省略
+ Y/ s5 n1 m2 S/ P' O9 l The significance of a man is not in what he attained but rather in what he longs to attain.7 |6 Q9 k2 O" S, Q$ r* i
It is the people who are really powerful.5 [. ^4 |" g- f
If winter comes, can spring be far behind?
, ^( W# C5 r4 @0 z1 w On July 1, 1997, Hong Kong returned to the People‘s Republic of China.
2 [8 ?& O7 K/ j" D+ ?1 z" T; t+ f, P4 N Delivery must be affected within the time stated on the purchase order.4 T4 ~/ f, w8 `7 u
人生的意义不在于已经获取的,而在于渴望得到什么样的东西
! [) X J$ q3 Y, O" c9 p 人民才是最强大的
/ Y! }# g0 f2 l1 } 冬天来了,春天还会远吗?7 [/ Y; b I& K$ L; h8 }
1997年7月,香港回归了中华人民共和国
' T7 t3 A: C) l l2 u5 b: D 必须在购货单规定的时间交货
% A8 q) K5 M: S9 E+ y7 K 8. 重复法/ `: z' V! B# h+ j# g
This has been our position—but not theirs.
k* N( S/ x4 e1 I3 |2 q7 v We talked of ourselves, of our prospects, of the journey, of the weather, of each other—of everything.
9 i$ d0 D% v2 X! U% G9 h He hated failure; he had conquered it all his life, risen above it, despised it in others.
" p* E Y! M. V) W* H$ K8 ~4 _; B5 W 这一直是我们的立场—而不是他们的立场
) s$ x! c6 W6 @ 我们谈到自己,谈到前途,谈到旅程,谈到天气,谈到彼此的情况—谈到所有的一切事情
6 E0 S: W W( e9 q" | 他讨厌失败,他一生中曾战胜失败,超越失败,并且藐视别人的失败7 _- z* Q7 [9 M+ t3 j
三、句1 [: n8 V6 z% T, `0 I e6 s
1. 主语从句
8 m" \1 }8 x& l: x6 s W# v Whatever is worth doing should be done well.' ~: j- k: r ~4 O2 p8 F! i3 I
任何值得做的事情都应该做好; D0 u& e# {+ P, Z) `' J
It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings.
9 I" G; n+ l+ Z! H% o" d 真奇怪,他竟然没有看出自己的缺点. d6 ?$ Q* I& Y5 C' P
2. 宾语从句, `4 b D8 D$ q+ \' H! E
I told him that because of the last condition, I‘d have to turn it down.; f; x! v" K/ R/ D! o
我告诉他,由于那最后一个条件,我只得谢绝
9 z" m1 O# @6 e& m, j, I6 C. S- `$ B7 k5 |. d/ h# j* t: X: q7 s
We consider it absolutely necessary that we should open our door to the outside world. |