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[词汇辅导] 新托福口语词汇翻译

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发表于 2012-8-15 00:34:18 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
  一、理论知识
  U# _8 J$ b! M& k9 J7 E! \4 _  1. 直译法
; n+ X! w  o/ g' z5 A  honeymoon\mad cow disease\hot line\ talk show\gene therapy\chain reaction
9 {4 Y$ B) r/ M2 d" V( W% S  bull‘s eye
& x) F! H/ o* k# [) s0 \  bicycle people7 z$ k9 G0 T: W1 o0 p+ E/ |3 O. Z
  milky way3 z5 Q; `/ v& A
  靶心、骑自行车的人、银河8 M( h; T1 O) n% c( r: ]
  2. 意译
; M" v& ]. W) |5 X& T7 p  as timid as hare 胆小如兔1 L6 M( {' M) K- U' G) f8 @
  day student 白天的学生
, q  p2 S0 }" k, i) @( c* N: V  in the dark 在黑暗中$ D* S' u8 v- A8 x
  cash crops 现金庄稼0 N/ f- R5 l9 G% M0 A+ ~
  胆小如鼠、走读生、一无所知、经济作物
) F2 V/ q; H& J% a6 ]  He had one foot in the grave., r/ e4 d  O; M) O! u. K1 I* r& O/ [
  他已经有一只脚踏进坟墓了
8 ^1 L6 y3 @2 f4 \) V; V5 t0 M  他已经是风烛残年了
' t6 i) f( Z; o7 n& b- D3 g1 C0 n& l  The medicinal herb helps a cough.
7 {2 y7 h$ S3 z% }) ]  这种草药帮助咳嗽+ M) i7 ]6 b0 S- b; G5 L; _
  这种草药可以治疗咳嗽
5 O$ a: [4 I& _- S9 ]  理解、表达(直译结合意译)、校对
7 I" }  |5 q! ^8 m7 T  二、词
( a. m7 S0 a, [5 W3 m  u  1. 根据词性确定词义5 U, N6 A+ m$ D% }( X0 [% u# x* M
  The earth is not completely round.4 |( H! e4 k1 P' b
  Let‘s go into the hall and have a look round.
$ H7 f9 k: @7 @  They are dancing in a round.
: _. ]3 c7 ~7 j3 G% G# l  He worked round the day.: P0 T& K$ }, @
  The boy‘s eyes rounded with excitement.9 B+ Q$ y' Y; f: \! L- @
  圆的 形容词, t) j* h+ G; I9 N# ~$ t
  转一转 副词4 `$ c! _9 U9 B9 k4 L/ P. ~7 {; ?
  一圈 名词
8 n4 D6 q7 A' t% i3 \  一整天 介词
! P! _& k, r: g$ N- d  睁得圆圆的 动词
) b$ N* ~  }9 ]  ^& Q4 J  2. 根据上下文确定词义3 U+ g0 H( e, P/ e# V9 ~) @2 G& R
  The story of their sufferings moved us deeply.
! t6 p. Q) N; ]  Work on the new building is moving quickly.
2 Z" a4 e5 w7 I& Y  The government‘s opinions on this matter haven’t moved.  n5 O- _' Z) m( G+ ~' W
  She moves in the highest circles of society.
. F5 ]6 ?2 C# v  Unless the employers move quickly, there will be strike.+ g5 `, ]: }* q+ Z
  打动/ {  M& ^6 ]9 u" M, w
  进展- L* y, m; X5 I7 n1 G
  改变
9 D3 g- s6 G9 K% f" w4 s3 g  生活6 w; a2 l# c5 Y7 b
  采取措施6 w! [( w* m8 C6 Z* `8 g# Q
  3. 根据汉语表达习惯确定词义
- H* Q$ q' }4 S& |7 U  I think your suggestion will work.3 q/ c, M) O0 [
  The new treatment works like magic.5 r/ A+ G% Q# r' k% w' {( p
  My watch doesn‘t work.
0 G$ V& k0 @  y6 q. M) a* Q  The sea works high.
- N* P' Z# j2 M# b4 Z  She worked her way to the front.+ y  i% f5 P! ]% f# m+ j- J) z
  The new regulation is working well.
3 Q. e2 f; d+ A4 B3 J! z  U$ Z7 ]8 Y  行得通6 x4 F) ?+ ~: ?8 x% Y
  疗效
4 A/ M  h; `0 D* c) X+ j, W4 q0 t  _  走
, }1 Q  ]9 l1 J* r2 A$ w1 R  汹涌起伏3 g0 d& q2 i8 P+ ?0 D) b
  挤到7 _6 ?& s2 k) ?4 f; p" T
  执行
0 D: l* b* C# G/ s. @* o  4. 通过抽象化加以引申1 P2 W: ]0 n8 Z* v. j3 T0 f- ~& f8 D
  They have their smiles and tears.
& |0 N6 {+ G$ g  微笑和眼泪  [2 W6 {0 n* A2 D) Q
  We insist that international trade should not be a one-way street.
+ n4 h$ Q* X; J7 w$ k7 g( I  单行道: I, d: {1 S+ ?, r  @. d, ^
  I have no head for mathematics.
7 ]( J$ o: b) {* v& L  没有头脑) e, Z2 v  O* s1 l5 s
  欢乐与悲哀( T1 S6 Y. r$ r& p, c3 Q
  有来无往
9 _: z. D4 K1 D: w+ v  没有天赋% G* c4 L# T2 A' q' X1 D) V
  5. 通过具体化加以引申
* p( w( J& X, C# r, L* e  The car in front of me stopped, and I missed the green.7 V0 b9 [. N! Y: Y' J1 @0 k+ S0 A
  绿色 绿灯( |+ m+ Q1 C" Z7 n4 R* p; [
  Perhaps the only trouble with copper is that it is not hard enough for some uses.
3 Q9 Y) I0 |" S2 }. }0 d+ A9 r, V3 Q  麻烦 缺点
7 v6 X+ C( `  z4 D' u  6. 增加原文中省略的部分
3 o6 |3 N. G, c2 W- h  Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; writing an exact man. A fool and his words are soon parted; a man of genius and his money.8 f* z7 X" G" ]1 ~2 i2 L  l) U: }
  Without a sense of your fault, how can repentance an amendment be expected?
. W; P$ x4 N' ?. h" B  Students should learn from teachers and vice versa.  Z* q/ W6 ?/ i% o5 x. @. T& \
  读书使人充实,讨论使人机智,写作使人准确
5 ]: c" _3 B7 l3 |& D! N  愚人会很快忘记说过的话,智者会很快放弃手里的钱
  g0 T; ]  K6 \2 v' ~4 `  如果你对自己的错误都不能认识到,怎么能指望你悔改呢
! b) K5 {1 ?1 p. Y- E* d4 J  学生应该向老师学习,老师也应该向学生学习- E( m# o, F- }$ T( i# ?: @
  7. 从语法角度去省略
# t  _- }, w! x  The significance of a man is not in what he attained but rather in what he longs to attain.# \, ~2 |/ y. y! ~- e9 Q
  It is the people who are really powerful.6 j3 Z9 S" J7 N+ R: s
  If winter comes, can spring be far behind?6 a6 F) b: H# [8 ]
  On July 1, 1997, Hong Kong returned to the People‘s Republic of China.
* g' A5 {  h; A& L3 ?  t  Delivery must be affected within the time stated on the purchase order.# m7 L$ m: v0 g# w
  人生的意义不在于已经获取的,而在于渴望得到什么样的东西
# Q! P" N+ b5 ~1 s; d  人民才是最强大的
5 T* b6 P! s# _: v- [9 {  冬天来了,春天还会远吗?( J, I" G# b3 \. A
  1997年7月,香港回归了中华人民共和国( j' V, r* v) ?4 H
  必须在购货单规定的时间交货& y& N+ p8 A  F9 N$ X
  8. 重复法3 J  `# X7 r  A& D
  This has been our position—but not theirs.
# d  ?6 T/ @/ O  We talked of ourselves, of our prospects, of the journey, of the weather, of each other—of everything.
- n" F+ D0 F2 J( C* D9 |  x  He hated failure; he had conquered it all his life, risen above it, despised it in others.
/ i) ]7 ^, \# z9 r  这一直是我们的立场—而不是他们的立场" O/ e5 B4 t% Z! l' b
  我们谈到自己,谈到前途,谈到旅程,谈到天气,谈到彼此的情况—谈到所有的一切事情
7 ?6 y( {, N3 I  他讨厌失败,他一生中曾战胜失败,超越失败,并且藐视别人的失败
7 \3 E( v5 ], k$ H. D  三、句( r9 T6 G1 i3 A0 d; ?! ?
  1. 主语从句
+ T8 p7 M2 j( y! ^, {" e  Whatever is worth doing should be done well.
9 l  b; z9 [' S9 K  任何值得做的事情都应该做好& X$ {  S4 Z. X" @2 q6 u
  It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings.
2 }! B" m8 S0 B. g; c* ]% M  真奇怪,他竟然没有看出自己的缺点
! E" w* `2 n5 A; J  2. 宾语从句
. d/ X, Z# q6 M: r2 _  I told him that because of the last condition, I‘d have to turn it down.
9 i* [9 V# |% U; C: T8 C! N: ~( s  r  我告诉他,由于那最后一个条件,我只得谢绝  h8 w2 E7 k; K6 {- C

7 q' y6 F1 s5 I6 Z! i, L  We consider it absolutely necessary that we should open our door to the outside world.
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 楼主| 发表于 2012-8-15 00:34:19 | 显示全部楼层

新托福口语词汇翻译

</p>  打开国门,实行开放,我们认为这是绝对必要) C* X. u2 s5 e% {" x' h6 `
  3. 表语从句
% P1 G1 I7 L: I0 y* l8 _- t  The question remains whether we can win the majority of the people.
+ P$ L0 Z/ U) u. u3 G* ^0 \  问题是我们能否赢得大多数人民群众的支持
0 P. n, m4 |+ T' e7 V  His view of the press was that the reporters were either for him or against him.
# Y3 C& d6 |1 Q# e  他对新闻界的看法是,记者们不是支持他,就是反对他
' n/ q; }  k) J! I" T( S, W  4. 同位语从句: p/ k) _& f; M' T' T- o
  We know the fact that bodies possess weight.
% B* e# V/ b# h3 J. r1 B" P5 O  我们都知道物体具有重量这一事实% x) k) ]$ k) M3 a  `8 j+ a( ?; e# o
  We have reached the conclusion that practice is the criterion for testing truth.
3 V0 N2 b7 E: F& V  我们已经得出这样的结论:实践是检验真理的标准
* }. U( D' A5 R  p7 f0 I: g1 u  5. 定语从句: A3 {- O, N. l& ^3 P' E& t
  He who has never tasted what is bitter does not know what is sweet.
' `2 Z" T: {; g2 C- z  I told the story to Winson, who told it to his brother.- d! h1 |; L1 @3 n8 b# f
  It is he who received the letter that announced the death of your uncle.' u5 N0 j4 c: b! O+ P( q' }
  6. 状语从句
0 b: d( k7 `% |7 x6 P7 r- U2 \  时间状语从句# [: i& Y' t: _8 c" L
  Directly he uttered these words there was a dead silence.
) ?& \5 l  h& `, [/ `4 p0 z3 h  他刚说出这些话,大家就沉默下来
; C. r% D# N9 [/ |# L' Q  原因状语从句+ h: M4 e4 O% b. n
  We had to put the meeting off, since so many people were absent.
: m' d( l9 ?: w' M$ N9 |  由于很多人没有来,会议只好延期
5 F5 Y' f4 N' {3 ]/ {- ^: W" |  条件状语从句
' h  x8 a5 ]+ v) `  It was better in case they were captured.6 S2 R& H1 H- b& ?$ m) M
  要是把他们抓到了,那就更好了
' P$ B" F* ~! q1 T4 l4 S# J0 A  让步状语从句
1 r" k# B. L8 O  No matter what I say or how I say it, he always thinks I‘m wrong.  R0 f7 r& O! r4 _+ ^8 t0 L. f
  不管我说什么,也不管我怎么说,他总是认为我错了
$ Z/ x% a) A( i, {4 U  目的状语从句
& j3 I& v  \) H  He emphasized it again and again, lest she should forget.0 r: c" d: v6 R/ ~5 U
  他反复强调这一点,免得她忘记了
  W/ H; }! I1 u* a8 ~7 ^  结果状语从句
% Z/ }) g2 M+ M2 k1 ]  The difference is such that all will perceive it.
/ D7 a* W5 s2 K; X6 Y, _* x! u2 J: u  差别这么大,所有的人都看得出来
! \5 S- l! p4 h8 m2 ?( y  四个维度* p2 k, Q0 w8 X4 q! k2 T% v$ _' U7 ~
  对英语原文理解的深度,自身的汉语修养程度,对英语、汉语所在的两种文化、历史、风土人情等的正确掌握,需要真正摆脱原文束缚,遣词造句尽量贴近原文,同时还要按照汉语习惯来表达英语原文的内容。
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