a我考网

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

扫一扫,访问微社区

查看: 63|回复: 0

[词汇辅导] 托福考试改错题常考要点及例题分析(上)Ⅰ

[复制链接]
发表于 2012-8-15 00:34:18 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
  一、代词: `  s- N. M! x1 q$ E) v1 b# ?
  代词中主要讲解六个问题  (一) 掌握代词的几种格:主格、宾格、所有格  名词前面用代词来修饰,只能用所有格(my books)
7 ~# A9 }/ h- M1 e& Y* I4 g) P  (二) 反身代词% P1 U4 u3 F" q5 p0 D
  当主语和宾语表示同一事物时,宾语使用反身代词。
3 j# x0 a$ B- K& z  He killed himself. (他自杀了)4 r9 O' ~% J2 F: D! Z2 Q
  He killed him. (他杀了他)  例:Researchers at the University of Colorado are investigating
& U' E# l$ q+ ?3 j: H  J4 d  A                 B
' s* i, H7 Q5 W# V1 T) p. X8 B- S  a series of indicators that could help
' I, n$ w8 |; I( l: r  C/ e# ^. q$ Z  r$ g: B# o
  themselves to predict earthquakes.
" i7 C& |3 c$ ~( `  D) }5 J4 {) E& T
  分析:D错,应改为them。如果用反身代词themselves,指代对象是从句主语that(即名词indicators),这显然是错误的。从句意来看,help的宾语应该是主句主语researchers,故应用代词宾格而不是反身代词。注意C并没有错,情态动词could 比can语气弱,表示较小的可能性。
* E& J7 S& A3 A) U/ v7 Y% J  Indicator为征兆,这些征兆帮助他们来预言地震。主语是征兆,后面指研究者,不是同一个事物。
+ k6 ?+ `& n; g% W! \  (三) 代词的单复数,代词的性别
5 w( V1 ?$ ?5 c8 W8 T: t1 A  在考试中如果代词打横线,代词错误的概率是非常高的,因此代词打横线,应该先看代词有没有错。
- M* O7 F+ s/ r/ }. `: ~/ Z  例:The continental divide refers to an imaginary line in the North American Rockies5 H' A" M% K4 m
  that divides the waters flowing into the Atlantic Ocean from it flowing into the
$ _6 _+ `/ \9 A- n: v3 ~  A   B      C          D
, u( E- J, b4 Z0 ]& k  Pacific.
! o' N) l0 a$ W& A( P8 H9 G% C8 q/ v  分析:D错,应改为those。D指代复数名词waters, it是单数,显然是错误的,根据习惯故改为those。注意waters一词并没有错,它指江湖河海中的大片水域,可用复数形式。
4 ]2 n2 O# F6 h* @) b0 z  Water作为水是不可数名词,waters表示水域,通常使用复数形式,作主语谓语动词用复数。
, p0 ?* ?+ j: c! h  Work作为工作是不可数名词,work作为作品,可数不可数都可以,例如:
7 h3 _* g9 r# d$ F  g  Many of his works= much of his work, work都表示作品
0 C/ W$ q1 Z" [! A  例:In 1920 the presidential candidate Warren Harding coined. Q% R4 X1 T7 C& o( O
  A
% X5 D0 j7 I9 t5 e  the word“normalcy”to express social and+ A: n, d- {- h9 @. b
  B
; w  t/ S3 U5 F" \' |  economic conditions they promised the nation.
) ?2 U; i0 ^: _- q9 n1 y  c5 S6 s) h- U  C       D
1 [4 o& e3 b/ O  分析:D错,应改为he。动作promised是由Warren Harding发出来的,故用第三人称单数he来指代。1 i+ A; n: G6 l
  例:Many critics believe that Amy Lwell' s most important( U  r; m2 K! @9 k6 i+ @
  A
8 R" K9 _% P0 E0 E$ A: N  work is not poetry, but his biography, John2 g+ \; }* g3 o5 @
  B        C
; c, y& d1 T& N1 b  Keats, published the year of her death.
) A+ b3 i: i# Y9 Q% R" X  D' G  L# e8 e/ \2 ]7 Y. H
  分析:C错,应改为her。his指男性,显然是错误的,应改为her与后面的her同指Amy Lowell.
- z9 ]6 X9 S4 p3 o, t  (四) Who和which的区别* ?" F4 I& m5 [* Y
  which指代事物或者动物,who指代人,who/whom son往往要改为whose son, whose可以指代事物。
# }5 r3 T; r0 G! D5 n  例:The human body contains more than six hundred muscles who
% a2 z, L0 [5 w! b" c( a" [  A            B0 E1 j: ~6 O8 o. V
  account for approximately forty percent of the body weight.# ~1 Q4 |1 W: v8 s. y* g7 Z
  C                  D
; o7 x4 O$ M# Y9 f8 ~) {* j  分析:B错,应改为which或that。先行词不是指人,而是指物,关系代词不能用who,故改为which或that。
# @; k, A- i3 _, y  人体前面加定冠词the, account for 占有多大的比例,解释说明。
! `) d9 j0 V! |  (五) that和which的区别  介词后面使用which, 而不用that, in that除外  例:When television was first introduced, the extent to that it
, R/ Y6 P1 w' v3 f  A        B
7 b! f/ H+ |. V# d2 m/ x0 d  would affect society could not have been foreseen.
4 U8 ]$ u5 x; _. b. B  C              D% v0 {+ @+ {) ^3 p' q* j& \
  分析:B错,应改为which。The extent to which, 介词加which(引导定语从句),影响社会的程度没有被预见
6 V' x, @# ^0 ]9 J! z( y. i  (六) 定语从句的特殊省略 Reason后面有定语从句,中间往往省略why, Time后面有定语从句,中间往往省略when,way后面有定语从句,中间省略了in which。$ d$ M, i+ Q7 @9 k3 T' ~2 m& u+ n( S
  I do remember the time I heard the sweetest voice in the wild world.
5 {6 C% B2 v1 x& w  例:Research on pain has been neglected, although the mainly* S) O- z7 B! a- b7 {+ k
  A         B6 F: o8 y$ K# p) o6 i" ~
  reason people take medicine is to relieve pain.) T8 z( f8 T" V: j4 [
  C      D0 e/ j, s# _: d: D
  分析:B错,应改为main。mainly为副词,不能个饰后面的名词,故改为形容词main。句子中people take medicine修饰reason,定语从句引导词被省略1 J3 w3 T; U$ {
  例:Commercial expansion from city to suburb has- E' g! y: M) z2 M  Y; E" b8 H
  affected the way people in the United States----.
, b# e8 ]% S& E* u8 x1 z  (A) living and working/ R2 ?+ k$ M6 V' c2 U% ^
  (B) they live and work" {8 T) g+ k3 z# `: K+ D
  (C) live and work
; u5 c8 }) e6 v. u  (D) to live and to work7 L0 ?' f- k- @" i
  分析:选择C, the way people....影响了人们生活和工作的方式。
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

Archiver|手机版|小黑屋|Woexam.Com ( 湘ICP备18023104号 )

GMT+8, 2024-9-29 11:34 , Processed in 0.232929 second(s), 21 queries .

Powered by Discuz! X3.4 Licensed

© 2001-2017 Comsenz Inc.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表