词性混淆误用一直是TOEEL考题中最重要的命题形式。它与“基本句子结构”(本书要点之1)和“平行结构”(本书要点之4)组成TOEEL命题的三大焦点。有关词性混淆的试题主要集中在written Expression (16-40题)中,命题范围包括(1)并列结构中词性一致、(2)形容词与副词混淆、(3)形容词与名词混淆、(4)名词与动词混淆。其中,形容词用错的题型占此类命题的最大比例。 词性混淆常考题型及解题要点+ C, \5 ~+ `/ C
1. 并列连词and but or结构要求词性统一6 [' ]! K4 h4 p, P/ U; `2 T
全真例题分析
8 A! l+ J+ j/ A- K. s" F# l- B (1) Bigness. Boastful. And strong. Frontiersman Mike Fink was the subject of many folk tales. (93.3)6 }$ b' b; `" z6 g0 C4 _
[答案] A 并列连词and连接三个形容词,故(A)Bigness应改为Big.
* Z# y3 H" o# y* E% } (2) The success of a naval ship is determined by its seaworthiness, speedy ,and maneuverability. (92.10): ~& Q8 d: h! ~9 B
[答案] D 并列连词and连接三个名词,而speed是形容词,故应改为speed.( Q0 x) i4 F! j P' i% {
(3) Regulation of public utilities in the United States is carried out by locally state and federal governments. (92.5)
) v6 y- i$ l* ?( g [答案] D 并列连词and连接三个形容词性质的词,共同修饰后面的中心词governnenrfs .而locally是副词,应改为local.
+ J% B/ d! X9 Q _ (4) In Middle Ages. Books called bestiaries were prepared in an attempt to describe animals, real or imagine, that exemplified human traits. (92.5)4 t# h: |* l9 @ h+ v- j! F
[答案] B 并列连词or前面是形容词real.之后亦应是形容词imaginary.
% s- e! V: \8 \ 2. 形容词错用为副词5 n" ] ^2 ]. a7 }
解题要点 形容词用来修饰说明名词或名词性成分的,而副词则可修饰除名词以外的所有词性及句子成分。
* i; H, Z' q n6 e# L* S- Q 全真例题分析. ]+ V& x$ P6 N: Z' @5 x, a- i
(1) Animal life on Prince Edward island is confined large to ducks. Pheasants. And rabbits (93.5)
* k" Q& K0 |# J; H: Z [答案]C 修饰限定介词短语to ducks pheasants and rabbits 应用副词largely.4 `" \4 J6 A: [7 e
(2) The General Sherman tree a giant sequoia in California, has grown to be the world*s largest plant at approximate 272 feet tall.! b8 J. y0 C; J/ I
[答案] D 修饰说明数词(272)应用副词approximately.
h4 t0 T. g0 M0 E# S* \2 y& p (3) Because its body is supported by water, the blue whale can grow to a size considerable larger than any land mammal alive today. (93.8)
) c5 x; p$ |+ ?* ~7 ~, ]& ^: c9 Q, b9 w [答案] 修饰形容词短语larger than…应用副词形式considerably.
. j- \, A% N% w ]4 M- F (4) Once an important port of entry for immigrants to the United States. Island recent reopened its great hall s a museum of immigration. (92.8)8 A; Z Y3 Q! x7 {" Q2 C
[答案] C 修饰整个句耶Ellis ls land reopened its great hall as a museum of immigration 应用副词recently,表示时间。
8 E/ f/ T) z. E2 @6 h0 V# D7 V (5) Because their properties differ from those of their constituents. Proper alloys can great increase the corrosion resistance of a metal.
/ x B1 Z* |" {+ g6 R [答案] C 修饰动increase 应用副词greatly.
6 m8 i: P& t/ E5 [ 3. 以副词后缀-ly组成的副词错用为形容词% C9 D* Q. v. F+ U6 c
解题要点 A、B、C、D四个选择答案中如果有以-ly形式构成的副词,应首先考虑它的词性是否正确,是否错用为形容词。 全真例题分析
( w9 ~ a1 ~! {' r; c! ^: d: p (1) Parrots have heavily bodies and exceedingly strong legs. (93.8)4 f& z, O9 R: k6 t
[答案] A 修饰名词应用形从词。Heavily 应改为heavy.
% \, Z) }; x- t4 g W% }! B8 y( v (2) The katydid a type of grasshopper is actively at night and rests motionless amid foliage during the day. (93.8)) b( Q5 @1 b H( v9 s* j5 s
[答案] B 改为形容词active,作表语。
% ^, _* H. I4 a" m) d/ V& c (3) Although the unified states experienced rapidly growth in the first half of the nineteenth century ,it was still predominately concerned with agriculture and forestry (93.10)* N5 y$ w) P. q/ L
[答案] A 修饰名词应用形容词rapid growth.
2 ]/ O+ [+ T$ U (4) Although they are in different countries, Windsor. Ontario and Detroit, Michigan are close neighbors and cooperate on numerous matters of mutually interest. (91.5)
P) B. S2 l M& ?! h" k [答案] D 改为mutual interest.. E3 V8 d- C5 g# L; t9 x- D
4. 以名词后缀- tion ,- sion 组成的名词错用为动词6 l" j- H9 k' X( ^8 x
解题要点 A、B、C、D四个选择答案中出现以-tion, -sion形式构成的名词,应首先考虑它的词性是否正确,是否错用为动词。6 E9 X! |, |: _/ Y" L0 l
全真例题分析* O/ ?* M: _& W' D
(1) The work *saga* is often application to any narration of events of the past, whether mythical or historical in character. (92.10)
* ^) U; X7 x% p [答案] A application应改为applied,作谓语动词的被动语态。
( C% \- G* w4 f9 e9 B (2) Administrative assistants are often expected to make decisions, supervision staff, delegate responsibility, and work harmoniously with managers and fellow cmployces. (92.100
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& E6 y% \8 R: o9 _6 T# H8 t0 p) a) ` [答案] B supervision 改为动词原形supervise与后面名词组成动宾结构。 |