词性混淆误用一直是TOEEL考题中最重要的命题形式。它与“基本句子结构”(本书要点之1)和“平行结构”(本书要点之4)组成TOEEL命题的三大焦点。有关词性混淆的试题主要集中在written Expression (16-40题)中,命题范围包括(1)并列结构中词性一致、(2)形容词与副词混淆、(3)形容词与名词混淆、(4)名词与动词混淆。其中,形容词用错的题型占此类命题的最大比例。词性混淆常考题型及解题要点1.并列连词and but or结构要求词性统一& q2 B* o! @' H1 M
全真例题分析
5 H; n8 e" ]8 {4 ]+ P7 _ (1) Bigness. Boastful. And strong. Frontiersman Mike Fink was the subject of many folk tales. (93.3)
" e# B" j: G! C4 w3 l" w [答案> A并列连词and连接三个形容词,故(A)Bigness应改为Big.: Y8 i3 n0 W0 Z) ~: z0 w# d
(2) The success of a naval ship is determined by its seaworthiness, speedy ,and maneuverability. (92.10)
8 E( P1 `7 q* U: e1 \. S/ a/ m [答案> D并列连词and连接三个名词,而speed是形容词,故应改为speed.
/ a: L# }5 X0 a. m- P- \ (3) Regulation of public utilities in the United States is carried out by locally state and federal governments. (92.5)0 D8 c, a/ D* @- G
[答案> D并列连词and连接三个形容词性质的词,共同修饰后面的中心词governnenrfs.而locally是副词,应改为local.
/ u4 P, Z( h* f (4) In Middle Ages. Books called bestiaries were prepared in an attempt to describe animals, real or imagine, that exemplified human traits. (92.5)9 g4 `3 X5 M( q/ N& }( }5 K
[答案> B并列连词or前面是形容词real.之后亦应是形容词imaginary.
' R+ v7 B( |6 \* C5 r/ R+ X4 Y1 l; K: h& p 2.形容词错用为副词, L8 X& ?# g/ {$ I% L0 {7 X
解题要点形容词用来修饰说明名词或名词性成分的,而副词则可修饰除名词以外的所有词性及句子成分。
5 o# K& I3 m3 O3 A1 C$ `% Q, {% Z2 _ 全真例题分析2 L) S+ T( B, V, W
(1) Animal life on Prince Edward island is confined large to ducks. Pheasants. And rabbits (93.5)# w4 i2 J( y0 n2 N# C
[答案>C修饰限定介词短语to ducks pheasants and rabbits应用副词largely.
( X9 K) |1 K! _/ n( Y- v2 N* Y (2) The General Sherman tree a giant sequoia in California, has grown to be the world*s largest plant at approximate 272 feet tall.3 I; R% h! n0 A/ @) e2 G
[答案> D修饰说明数词(272)应用副词approximately.) l! G C2 u5 [
(3) Because its body is supported by water, the blue whale can grow to a size considerable larger than any land mammal alive today. (93.8)7 d) X, M* N6 T, G% W* w o
[答案>修饰形容词短语larger than…应用副词形式considerably.- H t4 \% U9 c) l( Q7 ]
(4) Once an important port of entry for immigrants to the United States. Island recent reopened its great hall s a museum of immigration. (92.8) A application应改为applied,作谓语动词的被动语态。- g7 W, h" V7 b' J" S- j' Q( p: G
(2) Administrative assistants are often expected to make decisions, supervision staff, delegate responsibility, and work harmoniously with managers and fellow cmployces. (92.100
& ]- E8 r+ E5 V' R [答案> B supervision改为动词原形supervise与后面名词组成动宾
( l4 X& g3 Q$ K8 g7 r 结构。: [+ p' K; ^( B9 L- f
(3) Fascination by the promise of the internal engine and its application to a self-propelled vehicle, Henly Ford constructed a one-cylinder gasoline motor in 1892. (93.10)6 `: r! E( K* U4 O8 ^' Y
[答案> A Fascination改为Fascinated,与后面的by组成过去分词短语作状语。$ \, @ _( n3 g8 T
(4) From 1872 to, Alice Elvira Freeman was Dean of Women at the newly foundation University of Chicago. (93.8)
9 \: m; f- i9 @% g) F [答案> D foundation改为founded过去分词作定语,修饰University of Chicago4 b9 p* q" \ D5 c
5.由表示词性的后缀- fur ,-tie -enc., -ent,-tive都很可能是此题的考试焦点7 B: q$ k! j+ f& i1 X* b
全真例题分析% L4 y0 q2 S( R# y/ _
(1) Few theories are originality enough to be called unique. (92.10)
) K: F; X5 o- Y8 K' X [答案> C名词originality应改为形容词original作表语。
1 Q, J3 ?5 _% a# ^1 e6 {* z (2) Height, powerful and speed are attributes that coaches often look for in basketball players. (93.8)/ W( v0 v% P2 G2 @ j5 e/ d4 m
[答案> A形容词powerful应改为名词power,与height和speed并列。 V& f& `$ _2 @/ u# I% }
(3) A major purpose of scientific analysts is to idenufy and examine causal connections between independent and dependence variables. (93.1)
3 f# q2 \- n$ S* G& W: e9 c [答案> D名词dependence应改为形容词dependent,用来修饰后面的名词variables.% d1 v7 R9 q' G) H/ Z0 q3 p
(4) A deficient of folic acid is rarely found in humans because the vitamin is contained in a wide variety of foods. (92.8)
+ J, M2 s6 b; r9 v7 J3 t A [答案>A形容词deficient改为名词deficiency.作主语。. h, w* s. }6 V; T. m: ~, A
. Y/ Q4 B4 T3 C7 P2 } (5) In nature, the distributive of plants is obviously |