当我们在学习基本语法和句法的同时,也开始学词汇,终身不停。
5 S& |9 d- t# u* v5 t 学词汇的方法很多,学习效果也不同;有些方法的效果比较好,有些则差些。, r* f5 P$ H& p
有个特别值得推荐的方法是“联想”。例如从“party”这个字,可以联想到其他的字,如:meeting, assembly, seminar, negotiation 等。- w; X; n* h3 Z9 M$ m3 b
现在看看下列 8 组字,如何凑在一起:7 a- X/ k/ o+ o
⒈下列 6 个动词的共同意思是“伤害”或“破坏”:damage, harm, hurt, impair, injure, mar/ M5 o9 K7 ?3 J' S4 Y
⒉下列 6 个动词的共同意思是“减少”:decrease, lessen, diminish, reduce, abate, dwindle
: A% n2 _8 c* x ⒊下列 6 个名词的中心意思是“武装叛变”:rebellion, revolution, uprising, revolt, mutiny, insurrection
; U g j" m; N, i: h8 s' { ⒋下列 7 个名词都含有“边缘”之意: edge, brink, brim, rim, verge, border, margin2 P B D7 N* [/ g5 |% h! E% C
⒌下列 7 个名词都含有“ 路”之意: way, road , path , route, passage, street, aveune1 g1 z: z+ H7 ~( p* g
⒍下列 7 个形容词都含有“着名”之意: famous, renowned, celebrated, noted, distinguished, eminent, illustrious
3 {# ?& B* C, g' f4 X9 K ⒎下列 7 个形容词都含有“快速”之意:fast, rapid, swift, quick, speedy, hasty, expeditious9 w, x. o- Q7 z% V% v
⒏下列 9 个动词含“胜过”或“克服”之意:conquer, defeat, vanquish, overcome, beat, rout, surmount, subdue, overthrow S$ d5 p V9 I$ ]
上述 8 组字,每组都有个中心意思。在学习词汇时,若能将意思有关联的字词或习语摆在一起,通过联想来记忆,不但轻松而且还很有效。必须注意的是,虽然几个字有共同的意思,但是每个字在句子中的用法,难免会有些差别,不可不察。+ ~' q; u. Z& n- |
现在举个和“laugh”(笑)有关的动词,来说明这点。
9 J |3 F- g; q+ L% M; p ① The President smiled(微笑) as he went past the crowd.
) c2 _+ l1 D9 s$ Q% g ② His joke made us laugh(发笑)。
% J: t6 F9 Y; ?' b ③ The spectators jeered(嘲笑) when their team was defeated.) B5 Z6 ~# H$ Z" E' I, K; n* K
④ The audience roared with rage(暴笑如雷)。; k1 L6 D+ V% U2 v* `
⑤ If you tease(揶揄) her again, she will get angry.* g' J3 @5 B, Q5 v9 y" ]
⑥ The pupils giggled(格格地笑) on seeing the teacher fall down.
4 B" H" M( F9 G! {: l9 i' q ⑦ The crowd booed(喝倒采) when the referee made a mistake.
9 V7 b3 T' s6 v: \# M/ C0 @8 O ⑧ The listeners hooted(轻蔑地叫喊) at the ignorant speaker.
5 `2 l3 I+ s. w8 u+ o# N9 { ⑨ Irene sat at a corner, chuckling(轻声暗笑) to herself.
4 l# _1 m4 Z# Z- d+ h ⑩The naughty girl grinned(露齿而笑) in response to her mother's question.(陈清霖) |