当我们在学习基本语法和句法的同时,也开始学词汇,终身不停。& i5 d! o/ o; j; p* C
学词汇的方法很多,学习效果也不同;有些方法的效果比较好,有些则差些。
! B; `5 ~: R$ y2 }" G' n6 \ 有个特别值得推荐的方法是“联想”。例如从“party”这个字,可以联想到其他的字,如:meeting, assembly, seminar, negotiation 等。
& I( y$ X9 [ s- K 现在看看下列 8 组字,如何凑在一起:
9 |/ k0 y) x: K$ B! X ⒈下列 6 个动词的共同意思是“伤害”或“破坏”:damage, harm, hurt, impair, injure, mar8 m. Y1 a. a: z' z% t1 k: x1 V
⒉下列 6 个动词的共同意思是“减少”:decrease, lessen, diminish, reduce, abate, dwindle- ~. t7 K( w& n- m' D
⒊下列 6 个名词的中心意思是“武装叛变”:rebellion, revolution, uprising, revolt, mutiny, insurrection
$ ~9 S/ ~# r: d6 N& `+ j ⒋下列 7 个名词都含有“边缘”之意: edge, brink, brim, rim, verge, border, margin5 f. ~% K* K4 G) g# Q& y k: Z
⒌下列 7 个名词都含有“ 路”之意: way, road , path , route, passage, street, aveune: ~+ J' F: N' K# p% |
⒍下列 7 个形容词都含有“着名”之意: famous, renowned, celebrated, noted, distinguished, eminent, illustrious4 R$ r! B0 q0 g5 m2 X7 X% @
⒎下列 7 个形容词都含有“快速”之意:fast, rapid, swift, quick, speedy, hasty, expeditious$ n V! e* p+ U* b4 i8 P8 e
⒏下列 9 个动词含“胜过”或“克服”之意:conquer, defeat, vanquish, overcome, beat, rout, surmount, subdue, overthrow/ m8 ~' X" n6 P/ V
上述 8 组字,每组都有个中心意思。在学习词汇时,若能将意思有关联的字词或习语摆在一起,通过联想来记忆,不但轻松而且还很有效。必须注意的是,虽然几个字有共同的意思,但是每个字在句子中的用法,难免会有些差别,不可不察。
: A3 h% N1 n& ~0 e" K$ J 现在举个和“laugh”(笑)有关的动词,来说明这点。
+ U4 }2 W/ \- i# i; w ① The President smiled(微笑) as he went past the crowd.
( y/ u8 K" @! N8 g6 z ② His joke made us laugh(发笑)。
. K+ ^% s- d. Q( k8 X: ] |' U ③ The spectators jeered(嘲笑) when their team was defeated.* z2 X# e) _! g, A& N
④ The audience roared with rage(暴笑如雷)。
0 ^, R6 ]0 o( z9 r% u ⑤ If you tease(揶揄) her again, she will get angry.
8 D6 [6 ^0 p9 d# I0 } ⑥ The pupils giggled(格格地笑) on seeing the teacher fall down.
, y/ v7 ^ `, X ⑦ The crowd booed(喝倒采) when the referee made a mistake.; R3 C1 b+ E0 s" B
⑧ The listeners hooted(轻蔑地叫喊) at the ignorant speaker.
# l& J: A2 b( o ⑨ Irene sat at a corner, chuckling(轻声暗笑) to herself.* \* Q* J+ _ n0 Q0 j1 n
⑩The naughty girl grinned(露齿而笑) in response to her mother's question.(陈清霖) |