历年GRE考试Issue题库分析与提纲二十三

会计考友

91. "Most people think that their deeply held values are the result of rational choice, but reason often has little to do with the way people form values."  
   
大多数人认为他们深信不疑的价值观是理性选择的结果，但是理智往往对于人们形成价值观几乎根本不起作用。  
   
# j0 J3 l7 l* V  O- u0 \Individual’s deeply held values are usually not the result of rational choice, but the result of socialization.
1.       It is the culture in which we live that provides us with the values.
. e; ~' v; j0 r9 ~, G2.       Most people simply adopt the values instilled by their culture.
3 a8 H. k! N2 ]9 U! h8 x! v% J  C3.       It is necessary to question the established values within a certain society.
0 y" a! C* n; v理性和感性之价值观  
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6 R1 a( U6 R; [3 x# C95. "People work more productively in teams than individually. Teamwork requires cooperation, which motivates people much more than individual competition does."  
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+ i+ U% l/ A3 I/ \' P人们在团队中工作比独立工作要更加有效率。团队协作需要的合作能够比个人间的竞争更加激励人们。  
  
) x: j/ n# s+ S% V1.       In some jobs productivity clearly depends on the ability of coworkers to cooperate as members of a team.
' ^" y6 `* g/ a: B2.       In other types of jobs individual competition, tenacity and ambition are key to productivity.
; q- w9 \$ m5 g3 m. p' g( Y3.       On balance, however, my view is that cooperation is more crucial for an organization’s long-term productivity than individual competition.  
8 d3 K4 p, B8 v3 _2 Q7 \竞争和合作之效率  
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% [! }# q% L' b0 z99. "In any realm of life--whether academic, social, business, or political—the only way to succeed is to take a practical, rather than an idealistic, point of view. Pragmatic behavior guarantees survival, whereas idealistic views tend to be superceded by simpler, more immediate options."  
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+ |! u2 _/ p$ m5 D" x在任何生活领域中----无论是学术、社会、商业还是政治----获得成功的唯一道路就是采取现实的而不是理想化的观点。实用的行为确保了生存，反之理想化的观点正在趋于被更简化的和更直接的选择所取代。