168. "Critical judgment of work in any given field has little value unless it comes from someone who is an expert in that field." " }8 b, W4 w6 B9 V
9 a) f7 k( R: w+ u) e( B批判性的判断在任何领域当中都是没什么用处的,除非它是来自于该领域中的专家。
7 M" |0 i- ^2 E$ J1 c5 H1. With respect to the social sciences, the social world presents a seamless web of not only anthropogenic but also physical forces, which interact in ways that can be understood only in the context of a variety of disciplines.
/ d; w. `# `& C3 r0 W$ |2. In contrast, the work of researchers in the purely physical sciences can be judged only by their peers.
/ u' X; D# m2 d a2 ^+ u. o统一和分歧之专家
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175. "It is always an individual who is the impetus for innovation; the details may be worked out by a team, but true innovation results from the enterprise and unique perception of an individual." % J' l2 z+ d# n
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革新的动力往往来自于个人;革新的细节可能来自于团队,但是实质的革新都是个人努力和独特思维的结果。
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6 _+ F9 @7 d3 y9 v1. With respect to business innovation, I agree that it is the vision and commitment of key individuals—such as a firm’s founder or chief executive—from which business burgeon and innovative products, services, and marketing and management strategies emerge. 7 [$ U: F+ l) X
2. Nevertheless, teamwork and individual enterprise are not necessarily inconsistent, as the speaker would have us believe. % }$ b4 S, Q, P' b
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182. "It is dangerous to trust only intelligence."
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4 U+ m4 U/ l& f只相信聪明才智是危险的。 * z/ a: N& d" k! U! y ^
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Intelligence is sufficient in some cases but not in any case.
6 q$ y9 g8 [/ @+ U5 s1. In scientific studies regarding the physical world, we should depend only on intelligence for discovering and testing truths. Z0 i+ u/ o% ?7 M* O! g C
2. However, in the realm of human affairs, we have to use both our intelligence and our hearts to solve problems. |