138. "Only through mistakes can there be discovery or progress." ( W) ?* `0 l) z( k% S6 v
/ H# I0 P0 L) H% e$ J失败是成功之母
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1. To begin with, the contention accords with our everyday experience as humans from early childhood through adulthood.
6 `3 o6 `0 {; K# r7 A* K5 c2. This same principle also applies on a societal level. Consider, however, how we progress in our scientific knowledge.
6 R8 p; |- W0 a0 ~1 m+ o3. The value of trial-and-error is not limited to the sciences. In government and politics, progress usually comes about through dissension and challenge—that is, when people point out the mistake of those in power.
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164. "Sometimes imagination is a more valuable asset than experience. People who lack experience are free to imagine what is possible and thus can approach a task without constraints of established habits and attitudes."
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! S. y* V! F2 o' V8 g, ]/ W( B$ _有时候想象力是比经验更有价值的财富。缺少经验的人得以自由的想象任何可能性，并且由此可以达成一个目标而不受既定习惯和态度的限制。
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I fundamentally agree with the speaker’s assertion; however, as the speaker implies, it is impossible not to overstate the comparative value of imagination.
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6 c0 ~( d1 S3 B2 B3 z3 u; J1. One need only observe young children as they go about their daily lives to appreciate the role that pure imagination can play as an aid to accomplishing tasks. ) }/ }5 }- R: L2 P7 N8 u* `0 f
2. The speaker’s contention also finds ample empirical support in certain forms of artistic accomplishment and scientific invention. K" d, z3 k* v/ f
3. Of course, there are many notable exceptions to the rule that imagination unfettered by experience breeds remarkable insights and accomplishments.
. F! F; z# f+ H9 e- J6 H4. On the other hand, it is important not to take this assertion about artistic and scientific accomplishment too far. ( O. b6 h- ?! u3 ~7 l" I% t0 x* s
想象力和经验
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177. "The study of an academic discipline alters the way we perceive the world. After studying the discipline, we see the same world as before, but with different eyes."
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对于一门学科的研究会改变我们对世界的看法。在学习这门学科之后，我们看到的世界一如既往，但是我们本身的角度和眼光已然不同。 % _6 |5 V% w% ~% J$ r
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1. Through the earnest pursuit of knowledge—particularly in history and literature—we reveal to ourselves the flaws and foibles of other humans whose lives we study and read about.
" a1 F) r' Y* L! o# B% X2. Through education we begin to see flaws not only in people but also in ideologies that we had previously embraced on pure faith. |
发表于 2012-8-15 12:52:21
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