对立关系反义词解法
0 Q" F- E' n7 l, P) g凡是出现but, yet, however, nevertheless, although, (even) though, while, whereas, notwithstanding, despite, in spite of, in contrast (to), on the contrary, on the other hand, whatever, otherwise, ironically, paradoxically, curiously, surprisingly 等带有转折逆转含义的题目,则代入空格的正确选项必与中心线索构成语义对立的反义词关系。 . q" l9 w$ K- P6 b _/ F6 t2 j
例 Ⅰ: 0 C: h; _6 H/ z# \/ C+ U
It is true that seeds of some plants have - after two hundred years of dormancy, but reports that viable seeds have been found in ancient tombs such as pyramids are entirely -.
$ V* d+ `* Y* ^/ r(A) received ... empirical
6 x Y3 m3 ~) m/ S(B) germinated ... unfounded
9 [7 X. i0 H8 x3 I$ e(C) endured ... irrelevant
0 ~0 i& W8 o4 K2 \& _(D) erupted ... reasonable 6 Q9 O7 ?3 N& p
(E) proliferated ... substantiated
% f$ A1 d+ }3 `2 o$ ^ @〖解答〗 ( D9 ]% ?- J( r$ U6 a; e m
先处理空格Ⅱ:题内"It is true that..."代表了第一种说法,"but reports that..."代表了与第一种说法相反的情形。既然前者是“确凿可信的”(true), 则后者应是“虚妄谬误的”,与true一词构成反义。(D) reasonable 和 (E) substantiated (具体化的,被证实了的)构成的是同义关系,可先予排除。(A) empirical (经验主义的)无针对性。(C) irrelevant 意为“不相关联的”,它并不就意味着“谬误的”。唯 (B) unfounded (没有根据的,无稽之谈的)为正确。在空格Ⅰ处,所代入的动词用以描述 “seeds” 的某种情况,可将第二句中再涉及seeds这一概念时所用的viable一词以动词形式直接代入,则求得同义的(B)germinated一词。 ( [2 I" z1 _ q
〖中译〗 $ |. `' ^* f3 A0 K# v/ j$ V: Y
某些植物的种籽在经历了两百多年的休眠状态之后依然能发芽,这一情形完全属实,但是,在诸如金字塔一类的古代坟墓中能寻找到尚能存活发芽的种籽,这样的传闻纯属无稽之谈。 ; t3 g0 }. ^( e! T( ?) v$ G0 j) g9 ]
例 Ⅱ:
1 |4 R8 n2 z! j# d7 R6 U3 D3 oEven though some genetic mutations may be useful under certain circumstances, most are unconditionally - in all existing environments.
# g8 U3 x% F! E: S9 q8 W( `" U(A) expendable , h; e1 \0 u' G9 a
(B) androgynous
1 r6 S; ^ A) u7 z(C) prevalent - T3 d& |* x# @* z" q
(D) ancillary
3 H: X) m1 r1 s3 f" Q8 T1 t(E) deleterious & Q6 N2 u& b0 H
〖解答〗 以Even though 引导的让步状语从句与主句构成对立相反的关系,将中心线索定位于useful一词,则求得其反义词(E)deleterious(有害的,造成伤害的)。 |