2011GRE考试：阅读难句解读5

会计考友

分析：
1 w( C! N3 G. {$ e% j5 R在原文中，并没有提到大企业投标失败会如何，但是文中提到了小企业的情况，标志性的词语是unlike large businesses, 这就表明文中进行了强对比，通过这句话，“since most are small concerns and, unlike large businesses, they often need to make substantial investments in new plants, staff, equipment, and the like in order to perform work subcontracted to them”，我们知道，小企业将会有财政和士气上的风险。根据这样的对比关系，大企业的情况应该与小企业的情况相反，所以，正确答案应该是A. 即“大企业会有一些波折，但是没有致命的财政影响”。
" P+ O( U1 w% n8 R8 V2. 时间壮语强对比
# g4 P: x# J( h/ r: G3 E4 }题干中问A时间有什么特征，原文中没有明说，但给了A的强对比时间B的特征，将B的特点取非，即是A的特征。通常情况下，在一篇文章开始，或者一个理论刚刚提出的时候，如果出现了时间壮语，则是出题率很高的一处语言点。如，now, new, nowadays, current ideas…和过去形成强对比；once, until recently, past…和现在形成强对比。如果给出一个不早不晚的明确时间，如in 1960’s，那么和它之前、之后比较都有可能。
" e0 z7 V, f* L, O9 P) x下面以举一个具体事例：
In the early 1950’s, historians who studied pre-industrial Europe (which we may define here as Europe in the period from roughly 1300 to 1800) began, for the first time in large numbers, to investigate more of the pre-industrial European population than the 2 or 3 percent who comprised the political and social elite: the kings, generals, judges, nobles, bishops, and local magnates who had hitherto usually filled history books. ……
4 Y6 ~- v' W- }. W# F; V9 sOne way out of this dilemma was to run to the records of legal courts, for here the voices of the non-elite can most often be heard, as witnesses, plaintiffs, and defendants. These documents have acted as “a point of entry into the mental world of the poor.” Historians such as Le Roy Ladurie